scholarly journals Mitigation of CH4 emissions in sanitary landfills: An efficient technological arrangement to reduce Greenhouse gas emission.

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e90
Author(s):  
Henrique Rossi Otto ◽  
José Carlos de Jesus Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
The City ◽  
Technological Model

Problems related to the solid waste have been shown a relevant subject, by contributing to global warming and climate change. The MSW is one of the main sources of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions, especially the methane gas (CH4). Towards this concern, the general objective of this research is to estimate CH4 emissions produced at the Dom Antonio Barbosa II Sanitary Landfill, situated in the City of Campo Grande, state of MS. Its aim, specifically, is to verify the gravimetric composition of these residues, as well as measure the amount of the MSW already existing and also the volume placed in the mentioned sanitary landfill. The CH4 emissions were estimated in an accumulated total of 2,364,556.28 tCO2eq. It was obtained a total reduction of 1,479,693.87 tCO2eq by methane burning, transforming it into CO2, thus it was possible mitigating the emissions of 62.65% of CH4 generated in DAB II landfill. It is expected that the results from this research contribute to the attenuation of the problems related to the MSW impact on the environment, as well as reflect on the effectiveness of the current adopted technological model.

scholarly journals Study to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at waste landfill in Medan City

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
I Suryati ◽  
A Farindah ◽  
I Indrawan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Effort Reduction

Abstract Landfill is a place where waste reaches the final stage. The piles of waste can generate greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming the potential of climate change. The greenhouse gas emission generates from the piles of waste is CH4 emission. The research purpose is to count CH4 emission in the waste landfill in Medan city located in Terjun, projection CH4 emission for ten years later is 2020-2029 and decisive the effort reduction of CH4 emission. The scenarios of reducing CH4 emission in Terjun waste landfill reduce the potential CH4 emission for ten years later. The calculation of CH4 emission from the piles of waste in Terjun waste landfill using FOD method (First Orde Decay) by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) in 2006. In 2019, CH4 emission in Terjun waste landfill was 12,350.750-ton CH4 and had an uplift in 2029 can reach 17,143.087-ton CH4. There are two scenarios for reducing CH4 emission in the Terjun waste landfill; the first is the processing of waste in the source (composting), and the second is reducing the waste by using incineration technology Terjun landfill. The first scenario (composting) can reduce CH4 emission by 14.80%. The second scenario can reduce by 63.37% the CH4 emission in Terjun waste landfill. The chosen alternative scenario for reducing CH4 in the Terjun waste landfill is the first scenario, the processing of waste in the source (composting).

scholarly journals Fisheries: A Missing Link in Greenhouse Gas Emission Policies in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5858
Author(s):  
Kyumin Kim ◽  
Do-Hoon Kim ◽  
Yeonghye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Fishing Vessel ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Levels

Recent studies demonstrate that fisheries are massive contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The average Korean fishing vessel is old, fuel-inefficient, and creates a large volume of emissions. Yet, there is little research on how to address the GHG emissions in Korean fisheries. This study estimated the change in GHG emissions and emission costs at different levels of fishing operations using a steady-state bioeconomic model based on the case of the Anchovy Tow Net Fishery (ATNF) and the Large Purse Seine Fishery (LPSF). We conclude that reducing the fishing efforts of the ATNF and LPSF by 37% and 8% respectively would not only eliminate negative externalities on the anchovy and mackerel stock respectively, but also mitigate emissions and emission costs in the fishing industry. To limit emissions, we propose that the Korean government reduce fishing efforts through a vessel-buyback program and set an annual catch limit. Alternatively, the government should provide loans for modernizing old fishing vessels or a subsidy for installing emission abatement equipment to reduce the excessive emissions from Korean fisheries.

On the Ethics of International Religious/Spiritual Gatherings and Academic Conferencing in the Era of Global Warming: A Case Study of the Parliament of The World’s Religions Melbourne 2009 - Part 1

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-195
Author(s):  
Almut Beringer ◽  
Steven Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Academic Events ◽  
Special Responsibility

Global climate change and its impacts have ethical dimensions, for instance carbon footprint equity concerns. World issues, including the state of the ecosphere and biodiver­sity, regularly see political leaders, NGOs, business representatives, religious/spiritual orga­nizations, academics, and others engage in international aviation-dependent meetings to address critical challenges facing humanity and the planet. Yet, climate scientists and advocates call for an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 to cap the increase in global temperatures to 2ºC. Aviation emissions resulting from international meetings raise questions that are not silenced by GHG emissions offsetting. The era of climate change and ‘peak oil’ poses ethical challenges for holding international in-person religious and academic events, especially when the events propound an environmentalist concern and when aviation use is assumed. This paper raises ques­tions regarding the ecological impacts of large international events and focuses the ‘inconvenient truths’ associated with international aviation in the era of global warming. The Parliament of the World’s Religions, the largest multifaith gathering in the world, serves as a case study. The paper emphasizes the view that faith-based/faith-inspired organizations have a special responsibility for leadership in policy and praxis on the moral imperatives of sustainability, sustainable development and climate justice.

scholarly journals Effect of Community Road Infrastructure, Socio-Demographic and Street Pattern in Promoting Walking as Sustainable Transportation Mode

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Shakil Mohammad Rifaat ◽  
Mosabbir Pasha ◽  
Richard Tay ◽  
Alex De Barros
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Street Pattern ◽  
The City

Background: Traffic demand is growing worldwide and the increased carbon emission from transport and travel activities is contributing to greenhouse gas emission and climate change. As the oil and gas capital of Canada, the city of Calgary has a very high carbon footprint per population and the reduction of automobile use is an important policy goal for the city. Walking, a part of active transportation promotes sustainable transportation initiative by reducing greenhouse gas emission. To encourage walking, favorable walking environment should be ensured which largely depends on street pattern and connectivity. However, the effect of street pattern on walking at community level was not explored much in previous studies, particularly at rapidly expanding city such as Calgary’s context. Aims and Objectives: The study identifies the effects of different neighborhood design and planning factors associated with the share of walking in work trips while controlling for differences in social economic characteristics of the neighborhood. Methods: A linear regression model was developed using community-level data from the 2011 census and the road infrastructure data of Calgary. Results: Our study finds that different street patterns and types of land use, length of train tracks, number of train stations and number of schools have significant effect on walking. Conclusion: Thus, different neighbourhood street patterns and land uses should be considered in the development of new communities for promoting active and sustainable transportation.

scholarly journals Mobility Infrastructures in Cities and Climate Change: An Analysis Through the Superblocks in Barcelona

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Iván López ◽  
Jordi Ortega ◽  
Mercedes Pardo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Institutional Leadership ◽  
Collective Transport ◽  
Car Traffic ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The City

Cities are key actors in the fight against climate change since they are major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while at the same time they experience the negative impact of this phenomenon. Mitigating and adapting to climate change requires fundamental changes in urbanism and city automobile traffic. Superblocks, a grid of blocks and basic roads forming a polygon, approximately 400 by 400 m, are one of the instruments for such changes. These type of city Superblocks represent a new model of mobility that restructures the typical urban road network, thereby substantially reducing automobile traffic, and accordingly GHG emissions, while increasing green space in the city and improving the health and quality of life of its inhabitants. Furthermore, the Superblocks do not require investment in hard infrastructures, nor do they involve demolishing buildings or undertaking massive development; they are in fact very low-tech urbanism. The city of Barcelona has been implementing Superblocks as one of the measures to combat climate change with very positive results. The paper analyzes the concept of the Superblock and its relation with climate change in cities. Along these lines, it analyzes the pioneer experience of Barcelona in the development and implementation of the Superblocks, as a radical plan aimed at taking back the streets from cars. The role of political power and institutional leadership has been key in societal acceptance and the achievement of tangible results. But there are also obstacles and drawbacks in the development of these types of Superblocks, such as the necessity to redesign the collective transport network so that car traffic can truly be reduced in cities, the possible negative influence on traffic going in and out of the city, the lack of visible advantages if they are not implemented in the entire city, the risk of gentrification in the areas with Superblocks, public opposition, and opposition from certain sectors of the business community.

POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AUSTRALIAN FISHERIES AND THE NEED FOR ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 209-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA NORMAN-LÓPEZ ◽  
SEAN PASCOE ◽  
ALISTAIR J. HOBDAY
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Marine Fisheries ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Biophysical Changes ◽  
Management Changes ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The effects of climate change on marine fisheries can be either mitigated by global action on greenhouse gas emission, or managed by encouraging appropriate adaptation. While fishers will autonomously adjust their activities in response to climate change, fisheries management systems may also need to be changed to facilitate adjustment. Identifying the scope of these management changes require some understanding of the impacts of climate change in the absence of any management changes. In this paper, we estimate the climate-related economic impact on Australian marine fisheries and associated sectors for the year 2030, ceteris paribus, based on expected biophysical changes to the resource and using an Input-Output model to capture impacts on the broader economy. Despite considerable uncertainties surrounding potential changes to the biological productivity of capture fisheries, the results suggest that most Australian fisheries and their related sectors could benefit from climate change. Appropriate adaptations could further enhance the benefits and reduce the losses to the fisheries investigated.

India’s New Stance on Global Warming

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Arora
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Project Report ◽  
Low Carbon Development ◽  
Policy Mechanisms

India ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in November, 1993 and is a non-Annex party to the UNFCCC. Accordingly, as a Non Annex Party, India is not liable to legally reduce its Greenhouse gases under the convention. However India has taken a responsible stance towards Global warming and Climate change. Recent measures and developments at the governmental front and initiatives undertaken by the private sector have paved the way for sustainable development. The present paper studies the recent financial and market based mechanisms and the underlying policy environment for low carbon development in India undertaken by Indian government and the Indian corporate sector. The various policy mechanisms initiated include the Coal Cess, Carbon tax, Issuance of Masala bonds and Subsidies on solar enabled appliances. The Indian corporate sector has attracted commendable admiration by the Global leaders owing to the integration of sustainability into business activities. The issuance of Green bonds, voluntary GHG emissions disclosure in the Carbon Disclosure Project Report and establishment of Greenex are the various recent sustainable steps taken by industry leaders to fight global warming.

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