scholarly journals IMPORTÂNCIA DO RASTREAMENTO SOROLÓGICO DA TOXOPLASMOSE EM GESTANTES ATENDIDAS EM AMBULATÓRIO DE PRÉ-NATAL DE ALTO RISCO

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Sandra Trevisan Beck ◽  
Cristine Kolling Konopka ◽  
Felipe Polgati Diehl ◽  
Alexandre Kieslich da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Test ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, de 408 gestantes imunocompetentes, atendidas em Ambulatório de Pré-Natal de Alto Risco, entre janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2006 para verificar a relevância da triagem sorológica da infecção por Toxoplasma gondii, nesta população. Foram analisados os perfis sorológicos, para pesquisa de anticorpos específicos IgM, IgG e avidez de IgG, através de métodos imunológicos ELFA® e MEIA®. Foram identificadas, 271 (66,42) imunes, 121 (29,6%) suscetíveis, seis (1,47%) com provável doença aguda e 10 (2,45%) casos com teste da avidez de IgG foi realizado após o quarto mês de gestação, além do tempo estabelecido como ideal para pesquisa deste parâmetro laboratorial. A realização do teste de avidez de IgG, em tempo adequado, permitiu definir um maior número de casos passiveis de tratamento. O encontro de 29,6% de gestantes suscetíveis à infecção por T. gondii mostrou a importância da triagem sorológica na prevenção de casos de toxoplasmose aguda .Palavras-chave: toxoplasmose; gestantes; IgG; IgM; cuidado pré-natal Transversal retrospective study of serological test to T. gondii infection for 408 immunocompetent pregnant women attended in The High Risk Prenatal Ambulatory, among January, 2005 to December, 2006 to determinate the importance of screening for Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in this population. Serological profile for specific IgM, IgG and IgG avidity done by ELFA® e MEIA® methodology were analyzed. There were found 271(66,42%) out of 408 pregnant women immune to T.gondii infection, 41 (29,3%) susceptible, six (1,47%) with probable acute disease and ten (2,45%) with avidity test realized after the adequate period established like optimal for research. The accomplishment of the IgG avidity test during the correct time allows the detection of a higher number of acute diseases. The data for 29,6% of pregnant women susceptible to infection by T. gondii shows the importance of serological screening for toxoplasmosis in order to prevent cases of acute toxoplasmosis in the population studied.Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, Pregnant, IgG, IgM, Prenatal Care. 

scholarly journals Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy: Perinatal results and association of the IgG avidity test with congenital infection in pregnant women with positive anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM [Abstract in English]

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Virgílio Gonçalves de Souza-Júnior ◽  
Ernesto Antonio Figueiró-Filho ◽  
Danilo De Cerqueira Borges ◽  
Vanessa Marcon Oliveira ◽  
Lílian Rezende Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Avidity Test ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

AIMS: To verify the perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis, and to determine if there was association between the results of Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity test and the presence or absence of fetal/neonatal infection. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included pregnant women with serological diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis (presenting a positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM test) attended at the outpatient unit for high-risk pregnancy of the Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in the period from November 2002 to November 2007. Test results demonstrating IgG avidity index above 30% were considered high avidity, while values below 30% were considered low avidity. Fetal and/or neonatal infection was defined by positive result for the polymerase chain reaction in amniotic fluid, or by a positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM test in the newborn's serum. RESULTS: Considering all pregnant women referred to the outpatient unit for high-risk pregnancy in the period of study, frequency of pregnant women with positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM was 10.8% (176/1.634). The rate of congenital infection in these patients was 4% (7/176). The IgG avidity test was performed in 162 patients (92% of the 176 pregnant women with positive IgM), and the avidity was high in 144 (88.9%). There was an association (p=0.003) between high avidity and no fetal/neonatal toxoplasmosis in our sample, with a prevalence ratio of 13.4 (confidence interval [CI] 95% 2.2-86.6). The positive predictive value of the avidity test (probability of congenital infection with a low avidity) was 22% (95% 6%-47%), while the negative predictive value (probability of absence of congenital infection with a high avidity) was 98% (95% CI 94% -99%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study the rate of congenital infection in pregnant women diagnosed with acute toxoplasmosis was 4%. In pregnant women with positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM, results of Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity test were associated with the presence or absence of congenital infection, with a high negative predictive value (no fetal/neonatal infection when avidity was high).

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence among pregnant women in Rabat, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majda Laboudi ◽  
Zoubida Taghy ◽  
Oussama Duieb ◽  
François Peyron ◽  
Abderrahim Sadak
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Test

Abstract Background Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite named Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii). Pregnant women are considered one of the risk groups. The objective of this retrospective study is to provide an updated estimate of the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies among a group of Moroccan pregnant women monitored at the Parasitology Laboratory of the National Institute of Hygiene in Rabat in Morocco. Methods Serum samples were tested for the presence of specific anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-Toxoplasma IgM- and IgG-positive cases were also evaluated with the anti-Toxoplasma IgG avidity test. All cases were evaluated according to the age, parity, and historical of abortion. Results Among 677 pregnant women, 94.1% (637/677) were serologically screened for the first time and therefore had no knowledge of their serological status, and only 5.9% (40/677) were screened for the second or third time. The overall anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM seropositivity among the 637 pregnant women included in the study analysis was 43% (274/637) and 3.9% (25/637), respectively. The use of the IgG avidity test allowed excluding recent infection among 83% of cases with IgG and IgM positive sera. The mean age was 29.4 ± 6.3 years. The result of the bivariate analysis revealed that the age influenced significantly the seroprevalence rate, while the parity and the existence of previous spontaneous abortion did not have any significant statistical correlation with seropositivity to T. gondii. Conclusion This study shows that 43% of pregnant women were positive and 57% of them had no antibody against the T. gondii infection. However, the pregnancy follow-up and the counseling of pregnant women remain essential for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jasem Saki ◽  
Maryam Zamanpour ◽  
Mahin Najafian ◽  
Niloofar Mohammadpour ◽  
Masoud Foroutan
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Test ◽  
History Of

Background. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is one of the most common intracellular protozoan parasites, which can infect humans and a wide range of mammals and birds. The current study is aimed at investigating the occurrence of T. gondii infection in women with a history of abortion in Khuzestan, Iran. Materials and Methods. A total of 480 women with an abortion history, as well as 200 pregnant women with a normal delivery, were examined in this study. The blood, placenta, and umbilical cord blood samples were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results. Based on the results of ELISA assay, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 30.83% in women with a history of abortion (25.62% with T. gondii IgG and 5.20% with T. gondii IgM). According to the IgG avidity test, 60.16% of IgG-positive samples showed high avidity, while 27.64% showed low avidity. On the other hand, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in women with a normal delivery was 23% (21.5% with T. gondii IgG and 1.5% with T. gondii IgM). According to the IgG avidity test, 81.39% of these women showed high avidity, while only 4.65% showed low avidity. Based on the nested-PCR method, T. gondii DNA was detected in 14.18% of blood samples, 4.69% of placental samples, and 1.34% of umbilical cord samples, collected from 148 seropositive women with a history of abortion. Besides, using this method, the parasite DNA was identified in 4.34% of blood samples, collected from 46 seropositive women with a normal delivery, but not in any of the umbilical cord or placenta samples. Conclusion. The present results showed that T. gondii infection contributes to abortion in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Therefore, it is essential to investigate toxoplasmosis in pregnant women, especially in those who are seronegative, using molecular and serological methods and inform them about their disease and the associated risks.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DA ADESÃO AO ATENDIMENTO GRAVÍDICO PUERPERAL DAS MULHERES DE UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Oliveira Moreira Alves ◽  
Eliane Oliveira Moreira Alves Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Taking Care

As modificações gestacionais/puerperais, implicam no acompanhamento profissional destes períodos. Analisar a adesão de gestantes/puérperas ao atendimento gravídico-puerperal, na UBS São João da Mata; verificar o número de gestantes e o de puérperas que não realizaram o quantitativo de consultas preconizadas; relacionar os motivos da não ocorrência ou da interrupção destes atendimentos. Realizado um estudo quantitativo, exploratório, comparativo, seccional e retrospectivo. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do SisPrenatal. Foram estudadas 100% das gestantes/puérperas atendidas entre 2010-2015. Os motivos do não cumprimento de seis consultas de pré-natal, pela maioria das gestantes, foram: não alimentação do sistema de informação; pré-natal realizado em serviços particulares; aborto; mudança do município; encaminhamento para pré-natal de alto risco e captação tardia de gestantes. Por “estarem bem” ou “cuidando dos filhos”, algumas puérperas não realizaram a consulta puerperal. É necessária a constante capacitação profissional, para que estes esclareçam as dúvidas das mulheres durante o período gestacional.Descritores: Gestação, Puerpério, Sistema de Informação. Accession analysis service gravid puerperal women of a Basic Health UnitAbstract: The gestational/puerperal changes imply the professional accompaniment of these periods. To analyze the adherence of pregnant/puerperal women to pregnancy-puerperal care at UBS São João da Mata; To verify the number of pregnant women and the number of puerperal women who did not perform the recommended number of consultations; To relate the reasons for the non-occurrence or interruption of these services. A quantitative, exploratory, comparative, sectional and retrospective study was carried out. Data were obtained through SisPrenatal. A total of 100% of the pregnant/puerperal women attended between 2010-2015 were studied. The reasons for not fulfilling six prenatal consultations, by the majority of pregnant women, were: not feeding the information system; Prenatal care provided in private services; abortion; Change of municipality; Referral for high-risk prenatal care and late intake of pregnant women. By "being well" or "taking care of their children", some puerperal women did not perform the puerperal consultation. It is necessary constant professional training, so that they clarify the doubts of women during the gestational period.Descriptors: Pregnancy, Postpartum, Information System. Servicio de análisis de adhesión gravid puérperas de una Unidad Básica de SaludResumen: El Las modificaciones gestacionales/puerperales, implican el acompañamiento profesional de estos períodos. Analizar la adhesión de gestantes/puérperas a la atención gravídico-puerperal, en la UBS São João da Mata; Verificar el número de gestantes y el de puérperas que no realizaron el cuantitativo de consultas preconizadas; Relacionar los motivos de la no ocurrencia o de la interrupción de estas atenciones. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio, comparativo, seccional y retrospectivo. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio del SisPrenatal. Se estudiaron 100% de las gestantes/puérperas atendidas entre 2010-2015. Los motivos del no cumplimiento de seis consultas de prenatal, por la mayoría de las gestantes, fueron: no alimentación del sistema de información; Prenatal realizado en servicios privados; Aborto; Cambio del municipio; Encaminamiento para prenatal de alto riesgo y captación tardía de gestantes. Por "estar bien" o "cuidando a los hijos", algunas puérperas no realizaron la consulta puerperal. Es necesaria la constante capacitación profesional, para que éstos aclaren las dudas de las mujeres durante el período gestacional.Descriptores: Embarazo, Posparto, Sistema de Información.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii specific IgG avidity assay: Role and implication in the confirmatory diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in seropositive pregnant women

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Chowdhury Rafia Naheen ◽  
Shirin Tarafder ◽  
Humayun Sattar ◽  
Shafinaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Congenital Transmission ◽  
Avidity Assay ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Test ◽  
Specific Igg

<p>This study was undertaken to apply<em> Toxoplasma gondii</em> specific IgG avidity test in seropositive pregnant women to differentiate acute and past infection. <em>T. gondii</em> specific IgG avidity test was conducted in 39 seropositive pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes were observed later on. Out of 39 <em>T. gondii</em> seropositive pregnant women 33 (84%) were only IgG positive and 6 (15.4%) were both IgG-IgM positive. All the IgG positive cases (100%) and 2(33.3%) IgG-IgM positive cases had high avidity antibodies and they gave birth to healthy babies. Rest of the 4 (66.7%) IgG-IgM positive women had low avidity and 50% of them had abortion and 50% gave birth to unhealthy babies. This reveals that the seropositive mothers having high IgG avidity had past infection and no risk of congenital transmission. Seropositive mothers having low IgG avidity had acute infection and so congenital transmission occurred. Presence of<em> T. gondii</em> specific IgG and IgM antibody does not indicate acute infection always. IgG-IgM positive pregnant women should be further evaluated by IgG avidity assay to confirm acute infection.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Electrochemiluminescence Epidemiologic Detection of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Pregnant Women With Direct and Indirect Diagnostic Techniques (ELISA Avidity Plus Biochemical Assay), Tehran, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Ehsan Shariat Bahadory ◽  
Ali Dalir Ghaffari ◽  
Somayyeh Namrood ◽  
Seyyedeh Somayyeh Mosavipour ◽  
Javid Sadraie
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Liver Transaminases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis ◽  
High Level

Background and aims: Toxoplasmosis is a very common disease in the world and has two types, including chronic and acute toxoplasmosis. In the chronic toxoplasmosis, the abnormality of tissue function is negligible, but in acute toxoplasmosis, the function of the reticuloendothelial system is interrupted and the assessment of Toxoplasma antibody with tissue enzymes is very essential in this stage. In addition, in some conditions, serum ferritin increases in the acute phase of the infectious disease. In congenital toxoplasmosis, the evaluation of biochemical factors and IgG avidity test is important for detecting the acute congenital toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. Based on the above-mentioned explanations, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical factors in patients with acute toxoplasmosis (congenital toxoplasmosis) among the Iranian population using electrochemiluminescence and IgG ELISA avidity. Methods: The study was based on a comparative abundance study and was conducted from March to June 2017. Material included 980 serum and amniotic fluid samples collected from human blood with a high level of IgG antibody against Toxoplasma gondii in Rajaie Center, Tehran, Iran. The standard and the main tests included the ELISA assay and the measurement of the liver transaminases (i.e., SGOT and SGPT), along with/namely bilirubin and ferritin used to detect IgG antibodies and to evaluate the acute toxoplasmosis, respectively. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the level of liver transaminases, namely, serum bilirubin and ferritin increase in some patients with a high level of IgG avidity antibody against Toxoplasma gondii. For example, the mean serum levels of SGOT was 108 IU/L in 120 patients with acute toxoplasmosis and the mean serum bilirubin was about 5 mg/dL in 80 patients. Conclusion: Overall, in acute congenital toxoplasmosis, the evaluation of IgG AVIDITY is regarded as the first step and then the measurement of biochemical factors such as serum transaminases, serum bilirubin, and serum ferritin is important.

scholarly journals SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMOSIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT AVICENNA MILITARY HOSPITAL IN MARRAKESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Ghita Zahlan ◽  
◽  
El Mostafa El Mezouari ◽  
Redouane Moutaj ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Modes Of Transmission

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii which can have serious consequences for the fetus in case of pergravidicseroconversion. The present work is analytical and descriptive complementary studies: prospective (1-09-2015 to 31-12-2015) and a retrospective study (01-01-2010 to 31-12-2014) performed in the service of Parasitology - Mycology Marrakesh.The seroprevalence of pregnant women immunized against toxoplasmosis in our study is 35%, including women from rural and illiterate are proven to be the most immune. The main risk factors for disease transmission are the lack of knowledge about toxoplasmosis, the modes of transmission and means of prevention, and the low level of hygiene. We also raised a blatant lack of regular serological monitoring in seronegative pregnant women who received only one serological test in 66%. The present study confirmed that more than half of pregnant women are not immunized against Toxoplasma gondii and deserve monthly monitoring for early detection of possible seroconversion and implement effective therapeutic management.

scholarly journals Comparison of Four Commercially Available Avidity Tests for Toxoplasma gondii-Specific IgG Antibodies

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Villard ◽  
L. Breit ◽  
B. Cimon ◽  
J. Franck ◽  
H. Fricker-Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initial Testing ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Test

ABSTRACTToxoplasmainfection in pregnant women may cause congenital toxoplasmosis. Diagnosis of infection is based on serological tests aimed at detecting IgM and IgG antibodies againstToxoplasma gondii. However, IgM antibodies are not an accurate marker for discriminating between acute and latent infection. Detection of residual or persistent IgM may occur months or even years after primary infection, while the IgG avidity test is a rapid means of identifying latent infections in pregnant women who exhibit both IgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasmaantibodies on initial testing during pregnancy. In this study, we assessed and compared the performances of four commercially availableToxoplasmaIgG avidity tests in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with acute and latent toxoplasmosis. The positive predictive value of high avidity to confirm latent toxoplasmosis was 100% for all the assays, indicating that high avidity is a hallmark of latent infection. However, the negative predictive value of high avidity ranged from 99.2% (bioMérieux) to 95.3% (Abbott), indicating that acute toxoplasmosis could not be reliably diagnosed based on low IgG avidity alone. Thus, the avidity test provides a rapid means for identifying latentToxoplasmainfection in immunocompetent pregnant women presenting both IgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasmaantibodies on initial testing. In terms of cost-effectiveness, avidity testing is a powerful tool that optimizes screening and follow-up of pregnant women while minimizing the costs of screening by avoiding subsequent costly maternal and fetal investigation and unnecessary treatment. The cheapest assay, Vidas Toxo IgG Avidity, also had the best performance for the diagnosis of latent toxoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of pregnansy and childbirth in patients with a burdened gynecological anamnesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
T. P. Andriichuk ◽  
A. Ya. Senchuk ◽  
V. I. Chermak
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

The objective: to study the features of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum period, fetal status and newborns in patients with a history of chronic salpingo-оophoritis.Materials and methods. Conducted a retrospective study of 150 birth histories and neonatal development maps. All patients were divided into two groups. The main group includes 100 patients with chronic salpingo-оophoritis, for which they received anti-inflammatory treatment from 1 to 3 times before pregnancy. The control group included 50 pregnant women who did not suffer from chronic salpingo-оophoritis.Results. Our analysis of pregnancy, childbirth, fetal and neonatal status in women with chronic salpingo-оophoritis indicates that such patients have a complicated obstetric and gynecological and somatic history, which forms an unfavorable basic condition of organs and systems, imperfect adaptation to pregnancy, high risk of failure of adaptive reactions. The result is a violation of the formation and development of the mother-placenta-fetus system and, as a consequence, a high level of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal pathology.Conclusion. Patients suffering from chronic salpingo-oophoritis should be considered at high risk of possible complications during pregnancy and childbirth. This category of women needs quality preconception training and careful monitoring during pregnancy.

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