scholarly journals Regional analysis of differentiation in air pollution from manufacturing at the post-Soviet territories

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
V.R. Bityukova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Shimunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Fuel Balance ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Specific Emissions ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Energy Intensive Industries

The article considers the dynamics of air emissions in 12 post-Soviet countries by region depending on the dynamics of GDP (GRP), the volume and structure of industrial production, changes in the structure of the fuel balance and energy intensity. During the crisis of the 1990s, pollution decreased in all countries and most regions, but at a slower rate than production, and as a result, specific emissions increased due to the greater resilience of the most “dirty” industries to the crisis. Pollution in the largest countries was the most persistent, and within countries in the largest emission regions. During the growth period, there was an increase in emissions in the regions of hydrocarbon production. Regional differences in emissions are mainly due to industrial production for Russia and Ukraine, with high consistency between production and pollution trends. In Ukraine, the decline in production in the Eastern regions has led to a shift in pollution to areas of population concentration. In Kazakhstan, the territorial structure of emissions is determined by the volume of coal-fired power generation and the location of energy- intensive industries. In the post-Soviet space, inherited development factors determine pollution from the energy sector, where outdated funds and the structure of the fuel balance have been preserved to the greatest extent. Large industrial regions tend to stabilize their emissions, while small regions either reduce their emissions or increase them.

scholarly journals The effect of imposed production measures on gas extraction induced seismic risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. s271-s278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie G. Muntendam-Bos ◽  
Johannes P.A. Roest ◽  
Hans A. de Waal
Keyword(s):  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Earthquake Catalogue ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
The Public ◽  
Clustering Of Events

AbstractShaking and damage in the province of Groningen, the Netherlands, resulting from production-induced seismicity has caused increased public anxiety. Since 2014, production offtake has been reduced stepwise by over 50% in an attempt to minimise production-induced seismicity. The earthquake catalogue, combined with comprehensive data of the changes in production offtake, shows a clear response of seismic activity following the production measures taken. Associated temporal variations in the proportionality between smaller- and larger-magnitude events (the b-value of the Gutenberg–Richter relation) are observed. Since production measures were imposed, the b-value has tended to increase, thus lowering the probability of a larger-magnitude event. The analysis also shows increases in activity rate and b-value prior to larger-magnitude events. Subsequently, the probability of a larger-magnitude event seems to be decreasing prior to the events occurring. This implies that for short-term earthquake prediction of hydrocarbon-production-induced seismicity, these types of analysis could be misleading. However, regional analysis is necessary to explain the observations in terms of rupture initiation. At present, each event felt still draws the interest of both public and press. As some clustering of events in both time and space is still observed, managing both the seismicity and the public perception provides a continuing challenge.

Demand-driven crop-ruminant intensification: trans-regional analysis to understand patterns of change using village level data from three continents

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
I. Baltenweck ◽  
S. Staal ◽  
M.N.M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Village Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Mixed Systems

The growing demand for livestock products in the developing world is expected to drive livestock production in these countries. Delgado et al. (1999) predict that by 2020, developing countries will produce on average 38% more meat and 54% more milk per capita than in the early 1990s. The livestock revolution could then translate into opportunities for smallholder livestock producers. In the case of ruminants, much of this increase may occur in mixed farming systems, rather than through industrial production. In 1991–93, mixed systems produced 92% of the world's milk, and 54% of the world's meat (de Haan et al., 1997).

scholarly journals Manifestation of the Factor of Regional Median Position

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Victoria V. Akberdina ◽  
Alyona S. Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Holistic View ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Median Position ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Multiple Descriptions ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Stable Part ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The article summarises theoretical approaches to determining the median regions, their place and rolein the territorial structure of the country and its socio-economic development. The basis of the approach proposedis multiple descriptions of a set of attributes, connections, and relationships, a holistic view of the region as arelatively stable part of the socio-economic space. To conduct an empirical study in Russia, 32 regions wereselected, attributed to the category of the median regions by their geographical position. According to theapproach, the list of verifiable median characteristics of the regions includes transit, polystructurality, scale,resource availability, gravity, population concentration, the role in ensuring national security, budget donation,the “pilot” character, the concentration of intellectual potential, low risks, high investment and innovationpotential, high contact with neighbouring territories, and clustering. The results of the study suggest that thecumulative effect of the regional median position has a significant differentiation. Therefore, the authors candistinguish such types of median regions as integrators of the economic space, sustainable median regions, anddeveloping median regions. Based on the topological attributes of median regions, the mission of median regionsis justified. It is substantiated that the factor of the medianness of the region can be of key importance in regionalpolicy only if this resource is used correctly in program activities, regional development strategies and regionalpolicy of the state.

scholarly journals Characterizing the Regional Structure in the United States: A County-based Analysis of Labor Market Centrality

2020 ◽  
pp. 016001762094608
Author(s):  
Nikhil Kaza ◽  
Katherine Nesse
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
The Us ◽  
Large Populations

Categorizing places based on their network connections to other places in the region reveals not only population concentration but also economic dynamics that are missed in other typologies. The US Office of Management and Budget categorization of counties into metropolitan/micropolitan and central/outlying is widely seen as insufficient for many analytic purposes. In this article, we use a coreness index from network analysis to identify labor market centrality of a county. We use county-to-county commute flows, including internal commuting, to identify regional hierarchies. Indicators broken down by this typology reveal counterintuitive results in many cases. Not all strong core counties have large populations or high levels of urbanization. Employment in these strong core counties grew faster in the postrecession (2008–2015) than in other types of counties. This economic dimension is missed by other typologies, suggesting that our categorization may be useful for regional analysis and policy.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF A PRODUCTION CYCLE AS A TOOL FOR REGIONAL ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
E.A. Sherin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Kuznetsk Coal ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Production Cycles

The article considers the theory of energy production cycles, developed by N.N. Kolosovskiy, Yu.G. Saushkin, A.T. Khrushchyov, I.V. Komar, I.L. Savel’yeva and other Russian economic geographers. It indicates the history of its development, its relevance and the possibility of successful application for the analysis of the territorial structure and assessment of the prospects for modernization of the economy. At the same time, questions are raised about the inconsistency of this concept with modern market conditions. An attempt is made to rethink the theory of energy production cycles, on the basis of which the concept “production cycle” is formulated and the author’s generalized scheme of coal production cycle with its detailed explanation is given. Approbation of the method is carried out at the Kuznetsk coal complex: the research compares a general scheme of the coal production cycle with the production cycle actually formed around Kuznetsk coals. On the basis of this comparison, the degree of completeness and the reserves for further modernization of this production cycle were revealed. Among the possible directions of coal use, the most promising for introduction in the Kuzbass are indicated, namely: coal semi-coking, gasification (including underground coal) and preparation of water-coal fuel. The research has revealed some positive effects from such modernization of the existing coal production cycle in the Kuzbass.

Industrial Output in the USSR and Russia, 1861—2012. Part II. Crises and Cycles

2013 ◽  
pp. 138-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Industrial Output ◽  
Production Index ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Industrial Production Index ◽  
Cyclical Volatility

Calculation of the aggregated "consensus" industrial production index has made it possible to date cyclical turning points and to measure the depth and length of the main industrial recessions in Russian Empire/USSR/Russia for the last century and a half. The most important causes of all these recessions are described. The cyclical volatility of Soviet/Russian industry is compared to that of American one.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document