scholarly journals Effects of Glycaemic Status on Plasma Levels of Calcium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Selenium and Zinc in Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Ugwuja E. I. ◽  
Ugwu N. C. ◽  
Aloke C ◽  
Idenyi JN ◽  
Nwibo AN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats

Effects of Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone on Plasma Levels of Testosterone and Estradiol Hormones in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1350-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abu-Samak ◽  
Fahmi Mahmoud . ◽  
Moayad Khataibeh . ◽  
Suhail Hamdan . ◽  
Aurelia Crevoi .
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Protective effects of saffron (its active constituent, crocin) on nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Altinoz ◽  
Z Oner ◽  
H Elbe ◽  
Y Cigremis ◽  
Y Turkoz
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration

The reactive oxygen species take role in pathogenesis of many diseases including hypoxia, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, nephropathy, hypertension, ischemia–reperfusion damage, and heart defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether crocin administration could protect kidney injury from oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups each containing 10 animals as follows: group 1, control group; group 2, diabetes mellitus (DM) group; and group 3, DM + crocin group. At the end of the study, trunk blood was collected to determine the plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). The kidney tissue was removed, and biochemical and histological changes were examined. Diabetes caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) contents (  p < 0.01) when compared with control group in the rat kidneys. Crocin given to DM rats significantly decreased MDA (  p < 0.01) and XO (  p < 0.05) activities and elevated GSH (  p < 0.05) contents when compared with DM group. Plasma levels of BUN and Cr were significantly higher in the DM group when compared with the control group (  p < 0.01). Pretreatment of the DM animals with crocin decreased the high level of serum Cr and BUN. Control group was normal in histological appearance, but congestion, severe inflammation, tubular desquamation, tubular necrosis, and hydropic degeneration in tubular cells were observed in the DM group. Histopathological changes markedly reduced, and appearance of kidney was nearly similar to control group in DM + crocin group. Our results show that crocin could be beneficial in reducing diabetes-induced renal injury.

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic and Histopathological Characterizations of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud E. Youssef ◽  
Mona F. El-Azab ◽  
Marwa A. Abdel-Dayem ◽  
Galal Yahya Metwally ◽  
Ibtesam S. Alanazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Ventricular Rate ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
St Segment

Abstract Diabetes is a clinical condition that is associated with insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. Cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy are well known complications of the elevated blood glucose. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a clinical disorder that is associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction along with cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and elevated oxidative stress. In this study, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 50 mg/kg. We determined the plasma levels of cardiac troponin-T (cTnT), and creatinine kinase MB (CK-MB) by ELISA. Diabetic rats showed abnormal cardiac architecture and increased collagen production. significant elevation in ST-segment, prolonged QRS and QT-intervals, and increased ventricular rate were detected. Additionally, diabetic rats showed a prolongation in P wave duration and atrial tachyarrhythmia was observed. Plasma levels of cTnT and CK-MB were elevated. In conclusion, these electrocardiographic changes (elevated ST-segment, prolonged QT interval, and QRS complex, and increased heart rate) along with histopathological changes and increased collagen formation could be markers for the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.

scholarly journals Involvement of amylin B-H2S-connexin 43 signaling pathway in vascular dysfunction and enhanced ischemia–reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Liu ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Wenwei Bai ◽  
Xiang Xu ◽  
Feng Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Isolated Hearts ◽  
Endothelium Function

Abstract The present study was designed to investigate the role of amylin, H2S, and connexin 43 in vascular dysfunction and enhanced ischemia–reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats. A single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) was employed to induce diabetes mellitus. After 8 weeks, there was a significant decrease in the plasma levels of amylin, an increase in I/R injury to isolated hearts (increase in CK-MB and cardiac troponin release) on the Langendorff apparatus. Moreover, there was a significant impairment in vascular endothelium function as assessed by quantifying acetylcholine-induced relaxation in norepinephrine-precontracted mesenteric arteries. There was also a marked decrease in the expression of H2S and connexin 43 in the hearts following I/R injury in diabetic rats. Treatment with amylin agonist, pramlintide (100 and 200 µg/kg), and H2S donor, NaHS (10 and 20 μmol/kg) for 2 weeks improved the vascular endothelium function, abolished enhanced myocardial injury and restored the levels of H2S along with connexin 43 in diabetic animals. However, pramlintide and NaHS failed to produce these effects the presence of gap junction blocker, carbenoxolone (20 and 40 mg/kg). Carbenoxolone also abolished the myocardial levels of connexin 43 without affecting the plasma levels of amylin and myocardial levels of H2S. The decrease in the amylin levels with a consequent reduction in H2S and connexin 43 may contribute to inducing vascular dysfunction and enhancing I/R-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals L-arginine administration prevents glomerular hyperfiltration and decreases proteinuria in diabetic rats.

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1045
Author(s):  
A A Reyes ◽  
I E Karl ◽  
J Kissane ◽  
S Klahr
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

The effect(s) of L-arginine administration on the renal function of rats with untreated diabetes mellitus was examined. Rats received streptozotocin (N = 11) or vehicle (N = 12): Group 1 (normal rats, N = 6) drank tap water; Group 2 (normal rats, N = 6) drank tap water containing 1% L-arginine; Group 3 (diabetic rats, N = 5) drank tap water; and Group 4 (diabetic rats, N = 6) drank tap water with 1% L-arginine. Rats were fed a standard rat chow diet (22.8% protein, 142% L-arginine) with free access to food and water for 14 wk. Diabetic rats gained less weight, had significantly lower plasma levels of albumin and L-arginine, and had greater values for 24-h urine volumes and urine excretion of glucose, protein, urea, creatinine, nitrate, and nitrite than control rats. Diabetic rats given L-arginine (Group 4) had significantly lower protein and cGMP excretion in the urine than did rats of Group 3. The administration of L-arginine did not affect the plasma levels of glucose or L-arginine in Groups 2 or 4 compared with those of their respective controls. Group 3 had significantly higher values for GFR than did the other three groups of rats, but values for effective RPF, mean arterial pressure, hematocrit, and renal vascular resistance were not significantly different between Groups 3 and 4. There was no significant difference in glomerular morphology among the four groups of rats as determined by light microscopy, and both groups of diabetic rats exhibited the Armanni-Ebstein lesion in their tubules.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effect of pinealectomy on plasma levels of insulin and leptin and on hepatic lipids in type 2 diabetic rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Nishida ◽  
Ryuichiro Sato ◽  
Ichiro Murai ◽  
Shigeki Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates the Reduction of Brg1 Protein Expression in the Myocardium of Type 1 Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjin Xu ◽  
Shaoqing Lei ◽  
Yanan Liu ◽  
Xia Gao ◽  
Michael G. Irwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) is a key gene in inducing the expression of important endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) which is central to cardioprotection, while cardiac HO-1 expression is reduced in diabetes. It is unknown whether or not cardiac Brg1 expression is reduced in diabetes. We hypothesize that cardiac Brg1 expression is reduced in diabetes which can be restored by antioxidant treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Control (C) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (D) rats were treated with NAC in drinking water or placebo for 4 weeks. Plasma and cardiac free15-F2t-isoprostane in diabetic rats were increased, accompanied with increased plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), while cardiac Brg1, p-STAT3 and HO-1 protein expression levels were significantly decreased. Left ventricle weight/body weight ratio was higher, while the peak velocities of early (E) and late (A) flow ratio was lower in diabetic than in C rats. NAC normalized tissue and plasma levels of 15-F2t-isoprostane, significantly increased cardiac Brg1, HO-1 and p-STAT3 protein expression levels and reduced TNF-alpha and IL-6, resulting in improved cardiac function. In conclusion, myocardial Brg1 is reduced in diabetes and enhancement of cardiac Brg1 expression may represent a novel mechanism whereby NAC confers cardioprotection.

Effects of fructose loading in streptozotocin-diabetic and nondiabetic rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1583-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soter Dai ◽  
John H. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ventricular Enlargement

The present study compares the cardiovascular consequences of a 6-week fructose feeding in nondiabetic and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Myocardial performance of these animals was determined using the isolated perfused working heart preparation. Systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, ventricular weight/body weight ratio, and plasma levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were measured. In nondiabetic rats, fructose drinking caused significant increases in blood pressure, pulse rate, and plasma concentrations of insulin and triglycerides. Streptozotocin-diabetic animals exhibited significantly less body weight growth, slower pulse rate, higher plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, ventricular enlargement, and functional impairment of the myocardium. The fructose-loaded diabetic rats had larger increases in plasma cholesterol and triglycerides than did control fructose-fed rats, but the fructose-induced increases in blood pressure and pulse rate were attenuated significantly. However, plasma levels of glucose and insulin and the degree of ventricular enlargement and myocardial dysfunction were not significantly different from those of control diabetic rats. These results show that fructose loading for 6 weeks can cause increases in blood pressure, pulse rate, and plasma lipids in both nondiabetic and diabetic rats. However, fructose ingestion does not significantly alter glycemic control or affect the development of myocardial dysfunction in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.Key words: fructose, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, myocardial dysfunction.

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