Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Lawsonia inermis on Aluminuminduced Oxidative Stress and Adult Wistar Rat Pituitary Gland Histology

Background: The present study evaluated the effect of phenolic aqueous leaf extract of Vitex doniana on body weight, serum glucose and oxidative stress parameters in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats. Methods: DM was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg alloxan monohydrate in phosphate buffered saline (PBS; pH = 7.4). A total of 36 adult male Wister albino rats were divided into 6 groups of 6 rats. The groups consist of normal untreated rats, untreated DM rats, DM rats treated with 500 mg/kg dimethylguanide (MetforminTM) and DM rats treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of phenolic aqueous leaf extract of Vitex doniana. The rats were treated for 28 days. Serum glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid concentrations, and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured using standard methods. The changes in body weight was also measured. Results: The results showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in serum glucose and MDA concentration, whereas serum SOD, CAT activities, as well as GSH and ascorbic acid concentration were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in treated DM groups in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that phenolic aqueous leaf extract of V. doniana promoted increased body weight, ameliorated DM and alleviated reduced antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced DM rats. Phenolic aqueous leaf extract of V. doniana could serve as a potential natural and safe remedy for the management of DM.

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Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Simarouba glauca DC (Simaroubaceae) on Lipoprotein Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Medicines (ISSN: 2756-6838) ◽

10.52406/ptnm.v1i1.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 20-29

Author(s):

Sammydavies E. Osagie-Eweka ◽

Noghayin J. Orhue ◽

Eric I. Omogbai

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽

Simarouba Glauca ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background and Purpose: Simarouba glauca is widely reported to contain a number of biologically active compounds with potentials in the treatment of numerous diseases. The study was conducted to evaluate the sub-acute effects of the aqueous leaf extract of Simarouba glauca (AESG) on lipoproteins and oxidative stress biomarkers in male Wistar rats. Methods: Oral administration of AESG was carried out in line with the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), No. 425 using a total of 24 male Wistar rats allotted to four groups (n=6); given distilled water, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day of AESG respectively for 30 days. Results: In plasma, there was a significant reduction (P?0.05) in HDL-cholesterol; elevated (P?0.05) triglycerides (TG) at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day; elevated (P?0.05), and LDL-cholesterol at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, relative to the control. While the level of liver total cholesterol (TC) reduced significantly, it increased in the heart. Catalase (CAT) activity in the liver increased significantly (P?0.05) at all doses. The dose of 1000 mg/kg/day significantly (P?0.05) elevated kidney CAT activity. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver and heart reduced (P?0.05) at 500 mg/kg/day. At all doses, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma, liver and heart were comparable with the control. Although, there were no significant changes in plasma and liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity at all doses, animals given 500 mg/kg had reduction (P?0.05) in the heart GSH-PX activity compared to the control. Conclusion: Oral sub-acute AESG at high doses altered lipid homeostasis in plasma and heart without lipid peroxidation or oxidative stress. The extract has the potential to cause hyperlipidemia.

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Antioxidant Activity of an Aqueous Leaf Extract from Uncaria tomentosa and Its Major Alkaloids Mitraphylline and Isomitraphylline in Caenorhabditis elegans

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24183299 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (18) ◽

pp. 3299 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Bruna C. Azevedo ◽

Mariana Roxo ◽

Marcos C. Borges ◽

Herbenya Peixoto ◽

Eduardo J. Crevelin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Uncaria Tomentosa ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

Uncaria tomentosa (Rubiaceae) has a recognized therapeutic potential against various diseases associated with oxidative stress. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of an aqueous leaf extract (ALE) from U. tomentosa, and its major alkaloids mitraphylline and isomitraphylline. The antioxidant activity of ALE was investigated in vitro using standard assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP), while the in vivo activity and mode of action were studied using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. The purified alkaloids did not exhibit antioxidant effects in vivo. ALE reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in wild-type worms, and was able to rescue the worms from a lethal dose of the pro-oxidant juglone. The ALE treatment led to a decreased expression of the oxidative stress response related genes sod-3, gst-4, and hsp-16.2. The treatment of mutant worms lacking the DAF-16 transcription factor with ALE resulted in a significant reduction of ROS levels. Contrarily, the extract had a pro-oxidant effect in the worms lacking the SKN-1 transcription factor. Our results suggest that the antioxidant activity of ALE in C. elegans is independent of its alkaloid content, and that SKN-1 is required for ALE-mediated stress resistance.

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Ameliorative and antidyslipidemic potentials of aqueous leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium in CCl4 carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress rats

Journal of Coastal Life Medicine ◽

10.12980/jclm.4.2016j6-164 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

pp. 868-873

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Carbon Tetrachloride ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽

Gongronema Latifolium

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Curative Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Crinum Giganteum on NMDA-Receptor Antagonist-Induced Schizophrenic Wistar Rat Model

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2016.061 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 337-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elizabeth Finbarrs-Bello ◽

Emmanuel Nebeuwa Obikili ◽

Esom Emmanuel Anayochukwu ◽

Anyanwu Emeka Godson

Keyword(s):

Nmda Receptor ◽

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Rat Model ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Antipsychotic Agent ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽

Curative Effect ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

AIM: This study evaluated the curative potential of Crinum giganteum in the treatment of schizophrenia using an NMDA-receptor antagonist-induced schizophrenic Wistar rat model. METHODS: Twenty-five adult Wistar rats of both sexes of average weights 180 g were divided into two groups: control and schizophrenic rat models. The controls received 0.1 ml of 0. 9% saline, while schizophrenia was induced in models using 25 mg/kg of ketamine hydrochloride (i.p.) for 7 days. On the 8 day models were divided into groupâ€™s k1, k2, k3 and k4 of 5 rats each. K1 and the controls were sacrificed then, groups k2 and k3 were treated with 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg aqueous leaf extract of Crinum giganteum while, k4 (standard) received 25 mg/kg of chlorpromazine orally for 28 days. Amygdala were harvested, processed and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H &E) stain, Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) marker was also used to monitor the curative effect on the amygdala.RESULTS: Degenerative changes and increased NSE immunoreactivity were observed in the untreated models. Extract-treated models showed normal amygdala and negative NSE immunoreactivity while chlorpromazine treated models revealed decreased NSE immunoreactivity.CONCLUSION: Crinum giganteum extracts exhibits better curative effect than the standard antipsychotic agent.

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Ameliorative Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera on Reproductive Function Following Cadmium Chloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb11410485 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 352-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Avwerosuoghene ODODO ◽

Sunday O. OJEKA ◽

Victor D. DAPPER

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Testicular Tissue ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

Cadmium disrupts the blood-testes barrier, interferes with various antioxidant levels thus enhancing lipid peroxidation and ultimately leading to apoptosis and necrosis of testicular tissue. Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant and a rich source of essential phytochemicals possessing antioxidant properties. The effect of aqueous leaf extract of M. oleifera on reproductive function following cadmium chloride induced oxidative stress in male Wistar rats was investigated. Forty adult male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups of eight rats each. Treatment was administered orally daily as follows: Group 1 (control): animal feed and tap water ad libitum; Group 2: 5 mg kg-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days; Group 3: 500 mg kg-1 of M. oleifera and 5 mg kg-1 of cadmium chloride for 21 days; Group 4: 5 mg kg-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days followed by 500 mg kg-1 M. oleifera for the next 35 days; Group 5: 5 mg kg-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days followed by 750 mg kg-1 M. oleifera for the next 35 days. At the end of treatment, blood was obtained by direct cardiac puncture for fertility hormone assay and testicular tissue specimens were harvested for semen analysis and determination of antioxidant levels. Results obtained indicated that rats treated with the various extracts had significantly increased superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and catalase levels, increased serum concentrations of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and increased percentage of viable and normal spermatozoa compared to control and only cadmium chloride treated rats (p < 0.05). The results obtained suggest that treatments with M. oleifera extract could ameliorate possible cellular damage caused by administration of cadmium chloride.

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