scholarly journals Hypocalcemia of the newborn due to red blood cell transfusion: Case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1090-1098
Author(s):  
Biljana Otašević ◽  
Bojana Petrović ◽  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Tatjana Nikolić ◽  
Aleksandar Stefanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Bicarbonate Therapy ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Introduction: Hypocalcemia in preterm infants could occurs as early or late. Causes of late onset of hypocalcaemia: maternal vitamin D deficiency, metabolic syndromes, congenital abnormalities, iatrogenic (transfusion, bicarbonate therapy, phototherapy, antibiotics). Case report: The authors describe the occurrence of late hypocalcemia following transfusion of erythrocytes to the second newborn from a twin pregnancy born prematurely in the 32/33 week of gestation. Mother is diabetic and has hypertension, edema, hypothyroidism, and preeclampsia during pregnancy. Due to the detected pyelectasis in newborn, prophylactic use of cephalexin was introduced. At the end of the first month of life, anemia appear indicating a transfusion. The infant received 50 ml an O+ leukodepleted RBC transfusion. Immediately after transfusion was completed, there is a short-term deterioration of the general condition. Cyanosis, stiffness, trismus, and bradycardia appear within a few seconds. DAT was negative, bilirubin in the reference range. After transfusion, laboratory, echosonographic examination, neurological examination, EEG and ECG showed normal results. It was concluded that the adverse reaction was probably caused by transfusion. Conclusion: In preterm infants, hypocalcaemia may occur during transfusion due to citrate overload. Children of diabetic mothers, on antibiotic and photo therapy are at higher risk of developing hypocalcemia. Future studies should evaluate incidence rate of adverse transfusion reactions in newborns.

scholarly journals A significant decrease in hemoglobin concentrations may predict occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants with late-onset sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 030006052095227
Author(s):  
Na Cai ◽  
Wenting Fan ◽  
Min Tao ◽  
Wei Liao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis

Objective This study aimed to examine the clinical value of a decrease in hemoglobin concentration (HC) after the onset of sepsis for predicting occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants with late-onset sepsis. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study between January 2015 and January 2020. Premature neonates (gestational age <37 weeks) with late-onset sepsis (age >3 days) were enrolled. According to the degree of reduction in HC, neonates were divided into the non-decrease group, mild decrease group, and severe decrease group. Demographic data, perinatal conditions, blood cell count analysis, blood culture, and treatment measures were compared. Results Eighty premature infants with sepsis were studied. The mortality rate and incidence of NEC were significantly higher in the severe decrease group than in the non-decrease and mild decrease groups. Significant differences were observed in the decrease in HC, red blood cell transfusion, and ventilator application between the NEC and non-NEC groups. A significant decrease in HC was an independent risk factor for NEC in preterm infants with sepsis. Conclusion A significant decrease in HC is an independent risk factor for NEC and may predict the occurrence of NEC in preterm infants with sepsis.

scholarly journals Late-Onset GBS Lower Extremity Cellulitis in Premature Neonate with a GBS Negative Mother with Alternative Modes of Transmission: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Bansari Patel ◽  
Lakshan Fonseka ◽  
Nasser Hashem ◽  
Mitchell Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Left Lower Extremity ◽  
Transmission Modes

Purpose: To report a case of cellulitis-causing late-onset Group B streptococcus (GBS) GBS in a neonate with a previously negative antenatal tested mother. This report aims to discuss the various transmission modes potentially causing this case of cellulitis, such as contaminated breast milk.  Case Description:  A preterm neonate, born via cesarean section (C-section) at 29 weeks gestation to a G1P0 mother with a negative GBS rectovaginal antenatal swab test, subsequently developed late-onset cellulitis in the lower extremity due to GBS 19 days later.  Methods: This is a retrospective case report followed by clinical observation, blood cultures, imaging, and antibiotic interventions.    Results: A neonate with left lower extremity cellulitis was found to be GBS positive from a previously negative antenatal GBS-negative mother.   Discussion: As GBS is a common pathogen of neonatal sepsis and less commonly cellulitis, testing rectovaginal fluids once may not be enough to prevent neonates and preterm infants from protecting against transmission. As there have been rare cases of GBS-contaminated breast milk, culturing and testing of breast milk should also be considered, especially in preterm infants.

ASSOCIATION OF PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS SIZE WITH CLINICAL FEATURES AND SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES IN PRETERM INFANTS LESS THAN 34 WEEKS

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Chandrakala Bada Shekharappa ◽  
Edison Albert Balakrishnan Elizabeth ◽  
Bharathi Balachander
Keyword(s):  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Patent Ductus

Use of zolpidem in the treatment of short-term insomnia – case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-334
Author(s):  
Halina Sienkiewicz-Jarosz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Short Term

Late-onset malignant glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ramiro José Daud ◽  
Horacio Freile ◽  
Mauricio Freile ◽  
Soledad Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Slit Lamp Examination ◽  
Complete Occlusion ◽  
Malignant Glaucoma ◽  
The Right

A case report on a 49-year-old female with diagnoses of ocular hypertension in her left eye (LE) treated with 250 mg/day acetazolamide for 2 years. During the slit-lamp examination, complete occlusion of both iridocorneal angles was detected. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was 10 and 35 mmHg in the right eye and LE, respectively. Phacotrabeculectomy was performed in the LE. After 1 month of the procedure, the patient developed a slowly progressive miopization from −1 to −3 diopters (D) the following months. Approximately 3 months after surgery, the patient developed an episode of acute pain, athalamia, and IOP 45 mmHg in her LE. Late-onset malignant glaucoma was suspected and the patient was treated with topical hypotensive and cycloplegic agent until a prompt vitrectomy was performed. Deepening of the anterior chamber and restoration of IOP to normal range was obtained after surgery.

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