scholarly journals SYNGAS DERIVED FROM CATALYTIC GASIFICATION OF FINE COAL WASTE USING INDONESIAN POTENTIAL CATALYST

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faizal ◽  
Nabila Aprianti ◽  
Muhammad Said ◽  
Subriyer Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Clean Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Catalytic Gasification ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Gasification Efficiency

Fine coal waste from the coal mining process has not been used as clean energy even though the amount is very abundant in the world. The conversion of fine coal to syngas is a new way to increase the value of fine coal. Syngas composition, gas ratio, gasification efficiency, and heating value of syngas have been determined under various conditions of temperature (550-750 °C) and bentonite catalyst ratio (0-0.25). The results indicate that fine coal is the suitable raw material for the gasification process. At the highest temperature (750 °C), the gas composition consists of 42.6 vol% H2, 19.1vol% CO, 19.5 vol% CH4, and 7.9vol% CO2. The best performance was achieved when the catalyst/feed ratio is 0.25 with the gas composition of 54.3vol% H2, 26.2vol% CO, 23.8 vol% CH4, and 3.5vol% CO2, heating value and gasification efficiency were 19.72 MJ/Nm3 and 72.27% at 750 °C.

scholarly journals Catalytic gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunch by using Indonesian bentonite as the catalyst

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nabila Aprianti ◽  
Muhammad Faizal ◽  
Muhammad Said ◽  
Subriyer Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Catalytic Gasification ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Gas Efficiency

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB is one of the enormous waste expected to become a renewable energy source. This study aimed to convert OPEFB into syngas through a gasification process using bentonite as a catalyst. The effects of temperature and product gas catalysts were investigated, and the efficiency of the gasification process was summarized. The process has used an updraft gasifier at 350-550 °C and air as the gasification medium (ER 0.2). The results indicate that syngas can be produced by updraft gasifier. When the temperature increase, the H2 and CO rising. The highest H2 and CO content of 27.74% and 20.43% are obtained at 550°C when bentonite applied. HHV and LHV range of 3.38~12.79 MJ/Nm3 and 3.03~11.58 MJ/Nm3, respectively. The maximum carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) and cold gas efficiency (CGE) reach 85.49% and 82.34%. Bentonite has been able to increase the concentration of the gas composition especially H2 and CO and the heating value of syngas.

The Effect of Biomass Contents with Heavy Metal on Gasification Efficiency during Fluidized Bed Gasification Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 575-578
Author(s):  
Hsien Chen ◽  
Chiou Liang Lin ◽  
Wun Yue Zeng ◽  
Zi Bin Xu
Keyword(s):  
H2 Production ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Efficiency ◽  
Waste Gasification ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cu And Zn

Catalysis was used to increase the H2 production, syngas heating value, enhanced carbon conversion efficiency and cold gas efficiency during gasification. Due to Cu and Zn were abundant in waste according to previous researches, this research discussed the effect of Cu and Zn on artificial waste gasification. The syngas composition and total lower heating value (LHV) were determined in this study. The results showed that the existence of Cu and Zn increased production of H2 and CO. However, the production of CH4 and CO2 decreased. At same time, total LHV was also increased. Additionally, the different Cu concentration affected gas composition and LHV, but the effect of Zn concentration was not significant.

scholarly journals ENHANCEMENT OF THE CALORIFIC VALUE OF EM1707PTY FRUIT BUNCH (EFB) BY ADDING MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS SOLID FUEL IN GASIFICATION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Amadou Dioulde Donghol Diallo ◽  
Ma’an Fahmi Rashid Alkhatib ◽  
Md Zahangir Alam ◽  
Maizirwan Mel
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Gasification Process

Empty fruit bunch (EFB), a biomass-based waste, was deemed a potential replacement for fossil fuel. It is renewable and carbon neutral. The efficient management of this potential energy will help to deal with the problem associated with fossil fuels. However, a key parameter for evaluating the quality of raw material (EFB) as a fuel in energy applications is the calorific value (CV). When this CV is low, then its potential utilization as feedstock will be restricted. To tackle this shortcoming, we propose to add municipal solid waste to enhance energetic value. Thus, two major issues will be solved: managing solid residues and contributing an alternative energy source. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of mixing EFB and municipal solid waste (MSW) to make clean energy that is conscious of the environment (climate change) and sustainable development. The selected MSW, comprising of plastics, textiles, foam, and cardboard, were mixed, with EFB at various ratios. Proximate analysis was used to determine moisture content, ash, volatiles, and fixed carbon, whilst elemental analysis, is used to determine CHNS/O for MSW, EFB and their various mixtures. The CV of each element was also measured. The research revealed a significant increase in the calorific value of EFB by mixing it with MSW according to MSW/EFB ratios: 0.25; 0.42; 0.66; 1.00 and 1.50 the corresponding calorific values in (MJ/kg) were 19.77; 21.22; 22.67; 27.04 and 28.47 respectively. While the calorific value of pure EFB was 16.86 MJ/kg, the mixing of EFB with MSW promoted the increase in the CV of EFB to an average of 23.83MJ/kg. Another potential environmental benefit of applying this likely fuel was the low chlorine (0.21 wt. % to 0.95 wt. %) and sulfur concentrations (0.041 wt. % to 0.078 wt.%). This potential fuel could be used as solid refuse fuel (SRF) or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) in a pyrolysis or gasification process with little to no environmental effects. ABSTRAK: Tandan buah kosong (EFB), sisa berasaskan biojisim, adalah berpotensi sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Ia boleh diperbaharui dan karbon neutral. Pengurusan berkesan pada potensi tenaga ini dapat membantu mengatasi masalah melibatkan bahan bakar fosil. Namun, kunci parameter bagi menilai kualiti bahan mentah (EFB) sebagai bahan bakar dalam aplikasi tenaga adalah nilai kalori (CV). Apabila CV rendah, potensi menjadi stok suapan adalah terhad. Sebagai penyelesaian, kajian ini mencadangkan sisa pepejal bandaran ditambah bagi meningkatkan nilai tenaga. Oleh itu, dua isu besar dapat diselesaikan: mengurus sisa pepejal dan menambah sumber tenaga alternatif. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi campuran tandan buah kosong (EFB) dan sisa pepejal bandaran (MSW) bagi menghasilkan tenaga bersih dari sudut persekitaran (perubahan iklim) dan pembangunan lestari. Pemilihan MSW, terdiri daripada plastik, tekstil, gabus dan kadbod, dicampurlan dengan pelbagai nisbah EFB. Analisis proksimat telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan  kandungan kelembapan, abu, ruapan, dan karbon tetap, manakala analisis asas telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan CHNS/O bersama MSW, EFB dan pelbagai campuran lain. Nilai kalori (CV) setiap elemen turut diukur. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penambahan ketara dalam nilai kalori EFB dengan campuran bersama MSW berdasarkan nisbah MSW/EFB 0.25; 0.42; 0.66; 1.00 dan 1.50 nilai kalori sepadan (MJ/kg) adalah 19.77; 21.22; 22.67; 27.04 dan 28.47 masing-masing. Manakala nilai kalori EFB tulen adalah 16.86 MJ/kg, campuran EFB dan MSW menunjukkan kenaikan CV dengan EFB pada purata 23.83MJ/kg. Antara potensi semula jadi lain adalah dengan mencampurkan bahan bakar ini dengan kalori rendah (0.21 wt. % kepada 0.95 wt. %) dan kepekatan sulfur (0.041 wt. % kepada 0.078 wt.%). Bahan bakar ini berpotensi sebagai bahan bakar pepejal sampah (SRF) atau bahan bakar yang terhasil dari pepejal sampah (RDF) melalui proses pirolisis atau proses gasifikasi yang sedikit atau tiada kesan langsung terhadap persekitaran.

Experimental Study on Energy Conversion Efficiency of Biogas Fermentation of Sorghum Distilled Residue Based on Properties of Raw Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 374-378
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Fa Gen Yang ◽  
Wu Di Zhang ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
Xing Ling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Biogas Yield

In order to gain biogas production potential and energy conversion efficiency of biogas fermentation of sorghum distilled residue (SDR), the anaerobic batch fermentation experiments were performed at 30 degrees Celsius. After experiments, we got experimental results as follows: biogas production of SDR during total fermentation time of 28days is 2885mL; properties of raw materials including: TS is 88.58%, VS is 16.69%, heating value is 15.684kJ/g, TS biogas yield is 220mL/g, VS biogas yield is 1300ml/g, raw material biogas yield is 190mL/g, and energy conversion efficiency of biogas fermentation of SDR is 30.38%. The results indicate that biogas fermentation is an effective new method to recycle clean energy from SDR.

Modeling and Multi-Objective Optimization of Woodblock Gasification Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Da Zhong Li ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Ying Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Gas Heating ◽  
Optimal Target

In this paper, the LS-SVM model of woodblock gasification process has been established. The test results show that the model has better simulation and prediction effect for woodblock gasification process. On the basis of this model, the multi-objective optimization functions which is during control parameters (gasification temperature and equivalence ratio) and gas heating value and tat content is established, aiming to obtain the optimal target value of control parameters when the gas heating value reach maximum and lowest tar content in the process of woodblock gasification. The Pareto optimal solutions are obtained by optimization calculation. And each group data of the solutions is a compromise selection for gas heating value and percentage of tar heating value in raw material. It is more in line with practice more than a group of optimal solution.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON GASIFICATION PERFORMANCE OF SAWDUST AND SAWDUST PELLET IN A DOWNDRAFT BIOMASS GASIFIER

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Fatin Zafirah Mansur ◽  
Che Ku Mohammad Faizal ◽  
N. A. Fazli ◽  
S. M. Atnaw ◽  
S. A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Fixed Condition ◽  
Gasification Efficiency ◽  
Gasification Temperature

In this work, a comparative analysis of the gasification process of sawdust (SW) and sawdust pellet (SWP) utilizing a downdraft gasifier was performed. The gasification was conducted in a research-scale fixed-bed gasifier applying air as an oxidizing agent. The comparison between the raw (sawdust, SW) and treated biomass (sawdust pellet, SWP) was investigated for the syngas composition and gasification performance at the fixed condition of gasification temperature at 750 °C and equivalence ratio of 0.25. The gasification performance was tabulated in the form of heating value of the syngas (HHVsyngas), gasification efficiency (ηGE) and carbon conversion efficiency (ηCCE). It was found out that SWP produced the highest H2 and the lowest CO2. Furthermore, SWP also present the better gasification performance than SW. SWP achieved the high HHVsyngas, ηGE, and ηCCE at 4.2152 MJ/Nm3, 24% and 37%, respectively.

Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Using Plasma Gasification with the Potential Production of Synthesis Gas (Syngas)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Angela Hartati ◽  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Arbi Dimyati
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Plasma Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Solid Waste Treatment ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Waste Separation ◽  
Gasification Efficiency ◽  
Arc Plasma Torch

This research was conducted for the purpose to overcome Indonesia waste problem. The samples are classified into garden waste, paper waste, wood, food waste, and MSW with objective to identify which type of waste give out more syngas since there is waste separation in Indonesia. All samples were treated by plasma gasification without pre-treatment (drying). Arc plasma torch used in this experiment was made by National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) and used Argon as the gas source. Then the torch was connected to self-designed gasification chamber and gas washing system before injected into a gas bas for composition analysis. Another objective is to identify factors that may affect the gasification efficiency and the experiment shows that moisture content is not really affecting the efficiency but the duration of the process. The mass reduction of each samples were recorded, then the gas produced from the gasification process were analyzed. The result shows that food has the highest mass percentage reduced and producing the highest amount of hydrogen amongst other samples. However, treating MSW also produce considerably high amount of hydrogen. In conclusion, MSW direct treatment (without separation) using plasma gasification is feasible since it still produces desirable quality of syngas.

Production of fuels on the basis of sewage sludge through conditioning using high calorific value fractions

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Georg Schmelz ◽  
Anja Reipa ◽  
Hartmut Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Used Cars ◽  
Plastic Components

Emschergenossenschaft and Lippeverband operate 59 wastewater treatment plants which produce approx. 100,000 Mg TS of sewage sludge each year. Using sludge pressure pipelines, about 60 % of this sludge are transported to the central sludge treatment plant in Bottrop. The digested sludges are conditioned using fine coal and polymers and are dewatered using membrane filters. By adding coal, the heating value of the sludge is raised which enables autothermal combustion of the dewatered sludges in fluidised bed furnaces at the central sludge treatment plant. In order to replace coal, a fossil fuel, as conditioning agent, experiments were conducted using alternative materials with high heating values. The addition of shredder fluff agglomerates proved to be particularly successful. Shredder fluff agglomerates are a residue from the recycling of used cars and are generated in a multistage process (e.g. Volkswagen-SiCon Process) by separating the light shredder fraction (plastic components etc.) from the total shredder fluff. The fibrous material is outstandingly suitable for improving the dewaterability and for sufficiently raising the heating value of the dewatered sludge in order to enable autothermal combustion. Since first experiments showed very positive results, a full-scale long-term test-run will take place in 2007.

Performance Prediction of Gas Turbine Under Different Strategies Using Low Heating Value Fuel

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Batista da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Assato ◽  
Rosiane Cristina de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Surge Margin ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

Usually, the turbogenerators are designed to fire a specific fuel, depending on the project of these engines may be allowed the operation with other kinds of fuel compositions. However, it is necessary a careful evaluation of the operational behavior and performance of them due to conversion, for example, from natural gas to different low heating value fuels. Thus, this work describes strategies used to simulate the performance of a single shaft industrial gas turbine designed to operate with natural gas when firing low heating value fuel, such as biomass fuel from gasification process or blast furnace gas (BFG). Air bled from the compressor and variable compressor geometry have been used as key strategies by this paper. Off-design performance simulations at a variety of ambient temperature conditions are described. It was observed the necessity for recovering the surge margin; both techniques showed good solutions to achieve the same level of safe operation in relation to the original engine. Finally, a flammability limit analysis in terms of the equivalence ratio was done. This analysis has the objective of verifying if the combustor will operate using the low heating value fuel. For the most engine operation cases investigated, the values were inside from minimum and maximum equivalence ratio range.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF SURFICIAL URANIUM DEPOSITS: OUM DHEROUA CASE STUDY (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC MAURITANIA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Kurylo ◽  
Ivan Virshylo
Keyword(s):  
Clean Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Lower Estimation

Uranium deposits and resources are considered as an important raw material base for the implementation of scenarios for the green and clean energy transition. Traditionally discussed risks of potential environmental impacts of Uranium projects development could be subdivided by deposit type. Surficial type mineralization connected to the calcretes in shallow paleovalleys or playas has many specific features which might be analysed separately. Case study of Oum Dheroua Uranium project in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania shows an unexpected lower estimation of environmental risks comparatively to conventional Uranium projects despite to open-pit mining technology. The reasons for such estimation, connected to geographic location, the inclusion of Uranium minerals in natural ecosystems and low scale of deposits (both in grade and size sense). Potential by-products (Vanadium and Strontium) are not part of environmental factors assessment.

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