Intensive monitoring on the level II sample plots Kopaonik, Crn Vrh i Mokra Gora in 2014

Monitoring and assessment of the impact of air pollution and its effects on forest ecosystems on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, Level II, began with the establishment of Level II sample plots on Fruska Gora in 2009, on Kopaonik in 2010, in Odzaci in 2011 and on Crni Vrh and Mokra Gora in 2013. Level II Monitoring Programme includes ten working panels from ten different professional fields of forestry grouped according to the research area. All Level II sample plot activities are carried out in accordance with the ICP Forests Manual on methods and criteria for harmonized sampling, assessment, monitoring and analysis of the effects of air pollution on forests. The paper presents the results of monitoring crown condition on Level II sample plots on Kopaonik, Crni Vrh and Mokra Gora in 2014.

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Intensive monitoring at Level II test plot Kopaonik in 2012

Sustainable Forestry: Collection ◽

10.5937/sustfor1265051b ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 51-63

Author(s):

Svetlana Bilibajkić ◽

Tomislav Stefanović ◽

Radovan Nevenić ◽

Zoran Poduška ◽

Renata Gagić-Serdar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Statistical Processing ◽

Test Plot ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Intensive Monitoring ◽

Icp Forests ◽

Research Areas ◽

Level Ii

Level II intensive monitoring of forest vitality represents a multipurpose research system. Forest ecosystems are highly complex entities characterized by numerous different parameters subject to continuous variation due to constant and mutually inseparable effects of both biotic and abiotic factors. Evaluation criteria applied in intensive monitoring are compatible and defined in such a manner that, subsequent to their recording and statistical processing, data obtained on the condition of forests are easy to compare both analytically and logically, thus providing the basis for a variety of comparative studies. Dedicated test plot for intensive monitoring of trans-boundary air pollution impact on forest ecosystems in Serbia, a Level II test plot, was established in Kopaonik in 2010, with ten panels - from 10 separate forestry research areas, grouped according to the research subjects, which methodology is prescribed by ICP Forests Manual. This paper presents the results of intensive monitoring of parameters under review at Level II test plot Kopaonik in 2012.

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Deepening our understanding of shallow precipitation measurements from space

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-7511 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Linda Bogerd ◽

Hidde Leijnse ◽

Aart Overeem ◽

Remko Uijlenhoet

Keyword(s):

Research Area ◽

Level Ii ◽

Precipitation Measurement ◽

Ground Validation ◽

Precipitation Type ◽

Project Structure ◽

Global Precipitation Measurement ◽

Global Precipitation ◽

The Impact

Satellite-based remote sensing provides a unique opportunity for the estimation of global precipitation patterns. In order to use this approach, it is crucial that the uncertainty in the satellite estimations is precisely understood. The retrieval of high-latitude precipitation (especially shallow precipitation) remains challenging for satellite precipitation monitoring. This project will quantify the quality of the precipitation estimations obtained from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, where the focus will be on the level II and III products. Initially, the Netherlands is chosen as research area, since it has an excellent infrastructure with both in-situ and remotely sensed ground-based precipitation measurements, its flat topography, and the frequent occurrence of shallow precipitation events. The project will study the influence of precipitation type and the impact of the seasons on the accuracy of the GPM products. Hereafter, the project will focus on the physical causes behind the discrepancies between the GPM products and the ground validation, which can be used to improve the retrieval algorithms. The presentation will outline the project structure and will demonstrate the initial results.

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TREE LITTER PRODUCTION AND DECOMPOSITION IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS UNDER BACKGROUND CONDITIONS AND INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTION

Forest science issues ◽

10.31509/2658-607x-202143-87 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1-52

Author(s):

E. A. Ivanova ◽

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Point Sources ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Litter Production ◽

Industrial Air Pollution ◽

Tree Litter ◽

The Impact ◽

Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

The paper provides an overview of Russian and foreign articles devoted to the study of the tree litter production and decomposition in forest ecosystems subjected to natural and anthropogenic factors. The spatial variability (below crown and between crown spaces) and the seasonal features of the tree litter production, its chemical composition and decomposition processes are poorly studied. In addition, most of the works, both in native and foreign countries science, highlight the influence of natural factors on the litter production and the processes of its decomposition, while the impact of point sources of industrial air pollution is rarely considered. The study of the variability of the size, fractional and chemical composition and processes of decomposition of tree litter under conditions of industrial air pollution is important for predicting the dynamics of forest ecosystems subjected to the combined action of natural and anthropogenic factors and reducing the negative impact of production processes on forests.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENCE RATE OF COVID-19, ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASES, INFLUENZA AND COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN RUSSIA ACCORDING TO CLIMATE, GEOGRAFICAL ASPECTS AND POPULATION DENSITY

10.21055/preprints-3111795 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Pshenichnaya ◽

Irina Lizinfeld ◽

Grigory Zhuravlev

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Population Density ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Social Activity ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

The Republic ◽

Kaliningrad Region ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

Background: Understanding the impact of geographical aspects and population density on the incidence rate (IR) of respiratory infections in Russia is necessary for successful control under the epidemic. Aim: to estimate the increase in IR of respiratory infections in 2020 compared to the same period of 2016-2019 Materials and methods: a retrospective study of IR of COVID-19, ARI, influenza and community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in summarily (respiratory infections and COVID-19 morbidity) in the first half of 2020 in comparison with morbidity of ARI, influenza and CAP (respiratory infections morbidity) the same period of 2016-2019 in 85 regions was performed. Additionally the influence of climate on COVID-19 morbidity were estimated. Results: The highest excess of respiratory infections and COVID-19 morbidity in 2020 versus the average respiratory infections morbidity in 2016-2019 was observed in Buryatia-107.61%; Zabaykalsky Krai -134.09%; Tuva – 166.34%; the Kaliningrad region – 1023.41%; the Republic of Altai – 1212.78%; Dagestan – 2030.27%. Buryatia, Tuva, Altai and Zabaykalsky Krai are located next to the China, and also border each other. The Kaliningrad region borders on the EU countries. Dagestan has a maritime border with 3 states, including Iran, where the epidemic COVID-19 began earlier. In 43 of the 85 regions of Russia, this excess was 10-50%; in 35 subjects varied from 50% to 100%. The correlation between the incidence of COVID-19 and the population density in the regions was weak (r=0.26). The air pollution, has also a weak relationship (r=0.26) to the incidence rate. Moderate relationship was observed between the severity of negative temperatures in winter and the level of morbidity(r=-0.51). Milder climate probably contributed to the longer persistence of the virus in the environment and social activity. Conclusion: Russian regions bordering the PRC, the EU, Central Asia and the Middle East demonstrated the highest IR of influenza, ARI, CAP and COVID-19in summarility in the first part of this year versus the morbidity of influenza, ARI, CAP in average in first half of 2016-2019. IR of COVID-19 has weak correlation with population density and air pollution and moderate negative correlation with winter temperature.

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF COMPETITION INDICES AND GENOTYPE OF SCOTS PINE TREE REACTIONS TO CHANGES IN METEOROLOGY AND AIR POLLUTION

Proccedings of International Scientific Conference "RURAL DEVELOPMENT 2017" ◽

10.15544/rd.2017.168 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Marius MIKALAJŪNAS ◽

Giedrius ŠIDLAUSKAS ◽

Edgaras LINKEVIČIUS ◽

Darius KAVALIAUSKAS

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Sequence Length ◽

Crown Condition ◽

Competition Intensity ◽

Integrated Monitoring ◽

Intensity Effect ◽

The Impact ◽

Meteorology And Air Pollution ◽

Competition Indices

Changing climatic conditions, increased length of growing season, competition, genotype and pollution are the most important factors for tree productivity and health. That is why only by knowing the impact of these factors on trees we can evaluate and change sylvicultural treatments that are important for the health and productivity of forest in Lithuania. The aim of the present study was to detect the significance of the competition index vs. genotype of Scots pine trees on their reactions to changes in meteorology and air pollution. Tree health, dendrometric parameters and stem basal area increment were chosen as response variables to meet the objectives of the presented study. The investigation was carried out at Scots pine genetic stand located in Aukstaitija national park, Vaisniunai district. Data on meteorology and air pollutants were obtained from ICP Integrated Monitoring Station located there. Genetically related individual groups in the stand were established by the neutral part of the genome of short repeated DNA sequence length polymorphism markers. Trees of distinctive short repeated sequences allele frequencies were grouped by Bayesian cluster analysis methods. Four genetically similar tree groups were separated in the monitored stand based on significance of ΔK value. Seven competition indices were used to determine the competition intensity effect on the tree increment and their dendrometric parameters including crown condition. The obtained results revealed that trees which demonstrated the most intensive BAI formation, best crown condition and the most significant reaction to changes in meteorology and air pollution comprised one tree genetic group while trees with adverse characteristics the second. Notwithstanding this competition intensity had the most significant effect on BAI formation.

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Forest vitality (ICP level I and sample plot level II - Crni vrh and Mokra Gora) with a special emphasis on abiotic agents in the Republic of Serbia in 2019

Sustainable Forestry: Collection ◽

10.5937/sustfor1979103g ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 103-113

Author(s):

Renata Gagić-Serdar ◽

Tomislav Stefanović ◽

Ilija Đorđević ◽

Goran Češljar ◽

Natalija Momirović

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Health State ◽

Icp Forests ◽

Forest Condition ◽

Level Ii ◽

The Republic ◽

Level I ◽

Climatic Characteristics ◽

Forest Vitality

The vitality of forests depends on environmental conditions and a great number of abiotic factors, such as climatic characteristics, atmospheric deposition, forest fires, direct atmospheric impacts. Nevertheless, abiotic agents are group of the most important factor threatening the trees sampled and monitored for more than a decade and a half in continuity. Therefore, further analysis can provide different trends of their direct effects and degrees of their out-turn. International program for further and more detailed monitoring of the forest condition in the Republic of Serbia (ICP Forests), which is carried out on both Level I and Level II(Mokra Gora and Crni Vrh) sample plots, will enable scientists to determine the vitality of forests both at the local and at the regional level. Results are vitality and health state of the forest ecosistems with emphasis on abiotic factors.

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BIOMONITORING OF ATHMOSPHERE AIR POLLUTION IN THE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS AND ECO-TONE ZONE

AGROFOR ◽

10.7251/agreng1702065b ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Adam BEGU

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Current Level ◽

Annual Average ◽

Republic Of Moldova ◽

Clean Air ◽

The Republic ◽

Harmful Effects

Within our research, the air quality of 62 forest ecosystems from Republic ofMoldova was assessed, taking into consideration the lichens indicator speciesspecific diversity, abundance and toxitolerance. It was established that theMoldavian forest ecosystems do not contain reserves concerning critical loads forSO2 pollution, the annual average for the vegetation season for dendrologicalspecies being 0,02 mg/m3 air, and for communities of lichens and cyanobacteria,organisms sensitive to pollution, represented only 0,01 mg/m3. Lichen indicationdemonstrated that the current level of pollution is between 0,05 and 0,5 mg/m3 SO2air, thus long-term harmful effects are manifested in all 62 studied forestecosystems and the ecosystems from the eco-tone zone. We believe that for theRepublic of Moldova lichen, indicator species can provide a scale of 6 levels: 5levels characterized by species with different toxitolerance degree and the last stepbeing an area in which lichens are completely missing, thus the most polluted area.Within the Republic of Moldova territory, there were reported 3 forest ecosystemsin which the air is evaluated as clean air, 11- low polluted air, 31- moderatepolluted air, 12- polluted air, 3- high polluted air and those with critical polluted airwas missing.

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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE FOREST RESOURCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

Forestry Engineering Journal ◽

10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2020.4/8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 99-109

Author(s):

Regina Bayturina ◽

Aydar Gabdelhakov ◽

Olga Khalikova ◽

Zagir Rahmatullin ◽

Azat Timer'yanov

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Forest Resources ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Impact Of Climate Change ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

The Republic ◽

The Impact

The paper deals with the impact of climate change on the forest resources of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The basis of forest cover is formed by stands with a predominance of pine, spruce, birch, linden, alder, aspen, and oak. Climate changes directly or indirectly affect the state of forest ecosystems and, as a result, the development of the entire forestry complex of the Republic. The climate affects the productivity, species composition of forests, as well as their resistance to destructive natural and anthropogenic factors. One of the most pressing issues today is the assessment of the significance of the ongoing climate changes for forest ecosystems, both in the field of fundamental research and in the planning of socio-economic development of regions. Indicator plants confirm ecological displacement of the distribution areas of plant species due to changes in temperature and hydrological regimes, as well as anthropogenic factors. Proceeding from the fact that the type of forest is derived from climate, terrain, groundwater level, soil conditions, there is a problem of forecasting the climatically determined dynamics of the forest based on the current relief of the area and soils in the Republic of Bashkortostan

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Forest ecosystems vitality monitoring (ICP forests, Level I) with special emphasis to the affected part of the sample trees in the Republic of Serbia

Sustainable Forestry: Collection ◽

10.5937/sustfor2081081g ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 81-92

Author(s):

Renata Gagić-Serdar ◽

Tomislav Stefanović ◽

Ilija Đorđević ◽

Goran Češljar ◽

Miroslava Marković ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bark Beetles ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Beech Bark Disease ◽

Unique Data ◽

Icp Forests ◽

The Republic ◽

Level I ◽

Observed Damage ◽

Xylophagous Insects ◽

Experimental Plots

Trees condition on the sample plots of the ICP forests, Level I, is especially considered and monitored by the typically damaged and affected part of the tree on which it occurs. Due to the need to enter unique data for the measured parameters (visible damages), their codes are assigned for each damage. These are the results from Sample plots, Level I, based on the ICP methodology. The results are entered into a single database for all participating countries. Infested assimilation organs - leaves or needles are direct indicators of the condition of the trees. The most common damage to leaves is caused by miners, gnats, beetles, and insects that totally bite the leaves so parts of the leaves are completely missing (Lymantria dispar L.). The leaves are mined by Stigmellidae, Gracillariidae, Cynipidae forming galls; there are also damages from the early oak defoliators Geometridae and Tortricidae. Apart from defoliators, the most common are xylophagous insects (for example, bark beetles) as well as root pests. The fungi that most commonly occur on the leaves are oak powdery mildew (Erysiphe alphitoides) and Rhytisma acerinum (which attacks species of the genus Acer). Other damages that occur are verticillium wilt (diseases of the conducting vessels), beech bark disease, then rot of the appendix, trunk, and branches. The paper presents the observed damage and diseases on the experimental plots of the ICP forests, Level I, in Serbia, according to the parts of the tree where they were discovered.

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Measurements and modeling pollution from traffic in a street canyon: Assessing and ranking the influences

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci150402111m ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 2093-2104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Branimir Milosavljevic ◽

Radivoje Pesic ◽

Dragan Taranovic ◽

Aleksandar Davinic ◽

Sasa Milojevic

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Street Canyon ◽

Urban Air Pollution ◽

Pollution Dispersion ◽

The Republic ◽

The Individual ◽

Semi Empirical ◽

The Impact ◽

Full Factorial

More than half a century, the scientific community is trying to understand the mechanisms and conditions of pollution dispersion within urban areas. Thereat, special attention has been focused on specific areas, such as a street canyon, in which harmful concentrations higher than allowed are more likely registered. However, there is still a controversy about the conditions of occurrence and impact of the individual air pollution components due to fluctuations of key contributions. Given that OSPM model is a well-known semi-empirical model specializing in the assessment of air quality within a street canyon, after its testing and validation, the results of subsequent simulations were used as a basis for planning a special experiment in order to implement 48 full factorial designs, where using the response surface methodology, as the final objective, an answer was precisely given on the impact and contribution of urban air pollution components. In addition to the main objective of this study, as a secondary, but not less important result defining emission factors for CO and NOx can be emphasized, which to date have not been determined for the fleet of the Republic of Serbia.

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