General Mathematics

1946 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
William S. Tobey
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Nature ◽  
Past Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Goals And Objectives

During the past four or five years volumes have been written on the reasons for adding general mathematics to the curriculum. Much has been written in general terms on the content of such courses. We are making little progress. We have had years of war with its emphasis on the need for mathematics but relatively little of a fundamental nature has been accomplished. There appears to be a lack of understanding of what needs to be done and how to do it. We have theorized too long. We set up goals and objectives, and then more goals, but just what to do, and how to go about doing it is seldom treated. It is time, yes past time, that we start doing something. Even though we do poorly and make many and serious mistakes we will have created possibilities for correction and improvement. All things must have beginnings and only after a thing exists can it be modified and improved. In our system we began some seventeen years ago to blunder along in an uncharted field, toiling in the belief that with constant analysis of our work we could improve.

The Long View of Planetary Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Schrijver
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Planetary Systems ◽  
Giant Planets ◽  
Milky Way Galaxy ◽  
Population Statistics ◽  
The Past ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
The Universe

How many planetary systems formed before our’s did, and how many will form after? How old is the average exoplanet in the Galaxy? When did the earliest planets start forming? How different are the ages of terrestrial and giant planets? And, ultimately, what will the fate be of our Solar System, of the Milky Way Galaxy, and of the Universe around us? We cannot know the fate of individual exoplanets with great certainty, but based on population statistics this chapter sketches the past, present, and future of exoworlds and of our Earth in general terms.

scholarly journals Personal Carbon Trading—Lost in the Policy Primeval Soup?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4592
Author(s):  
Fabio Bothner
Keyword(s):  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Policy Proposal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Streams Approach ◽  
Carbon Taxation ◽  
Set Up

The number of emission trading and carbon taxation schemes implemented has grown rapidly over the past decade. Together, they cover approximately 16% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Although more than two-thirds of global GHG emissions are related to household consumption, approaches that directly target households, such as personal carbon trading (PCT), do not play a role in the fight against climate change. This is especially puzzling as measures taken so far are not sufficient to reach the 2 °C target. One clue to solving this puzzle comes from political science in the form of the multiple streams approach, which defines criteria that a policy proposal must meet to become part of the political agenda. Based on these criteria, this article conducts a systematic review on PCT to clarify why PCT does not play a role in the reduction of GHG emissions. The results show that there are three main problems with the PCT proposal. First, scholars often criticize the set-up costs as well as the running costs of such a system. Second, there is no clear consensus within the research community on public acceptance of PCT. Third, it is still unclear whether politicians are receptive to PCT or not.

scholarly journals Maudsley International: improving mental health and well-being around the world

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Bouras ◽  
Silvia Davey ◽  
Tracey Power ◽  
Jonathan Rolfe ◽  
Tom Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Building Capacity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
And Training

Maudsley International was set up to help improve people's mental health and well-being around the world. A variety of programmes have been developed by Maudsley International over the past 10 years, for planning and implementing services; building capacity; and training and evaluation to support organisations and individuals, professionals and managers to train and develop health and social care provisions. Maudsley International's model is based on collaboration, sharing expertise and cultural understanding with international partners.

Military Power and Constitutional Development in China

1921 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-252
Author(s):  
Harold M. Vinacké
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Representative Government ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
Revolutionary Movement ◽  
Chinese Revolution ◽  
Parliamentary Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
Popular Government ◽  
Set Up

It is now nine years since the outbreak of the Chinese revolution. It is fifteen years since the Manchus attempted to maintain their control by introducing representative institutions into China. The development toward constitutional and representative government under the Manchus was checked in 1911 by the revolutionary movement. When the Chinese Republic was established as the successor to the alien Manchu Empire it was felt that the problem of modernizing China bade fair to be solved, and that in an orderly way her political institutions would be brought into harmony with western standards. Unfortunately that orderly progress has not come. Parliamentary government under the Nanking (provisional) Constitution was replaced by the dictatorship of Yuan Shih-kai under the arrangements of the so-called constitutional compact, which in turn was followed by the attempt to reëstablish the monarchy. The failure of the monarchy movement brought back parliamentary government, but before a permanent constitution could be adopted Parliament was again dissolved, and a government controlled by a military clique set up in its place. Since this military government was unacceptable to the southern provinces, the country became divided. So far it has not been possible for the country to reconcile its differences. Instead of an ordered constitutional progress, has come apparent failure in the effort to establish representative government. The name of a republic has been maintained, it is true, and the forms of constitutional government have been retained, but a permanent national government has not been set up, nor has popular government replaced the paternal despotism of the past.

ASSOCIATION “BUSINESS CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES”. THE MAIN MILESTONES OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION COOPERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-59
Author(s):  
Efim I. Pivovar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Media ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article covers the activities of the Association called Business Centre for Economic Development of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The author examines in detail the twenty-year history of this organisation, its creation, goals and objectives, features of the structure, participants and partners, and the formation of competence areas. The article emphasises that over the years of its existence, the Association has become an important and effective platform for interaction among business structures, industry associations, banking and financial institutions, entrepreneurs, the expert and scientific community as well as the media of the Commonwealth countries. Considering the Association’s key areas and forms of activity the author highlights the annual International Economic Forums involving business leaders of the Commonwealth member states, which contribute to the strengthening and development of multilateral economic relations in the post-Soviet space. The article examines in great detail the work of each Forum, its participants (both individuals and legal entities), the topics of discussions and speeches of individual speakers from various Commonwealth countries, which, in the author’s opinion, are of crucial importance for the activities of the Association called Business Centre for Economic Development of the Commonwealth of Independent States and the entire Commonwealth, as well as for the development of Eurasian integration. In addition, the article focuses on the final documents of the Forums: the author studies their main provisions with the set up in them goals, tasks, proposals and priorities.

PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS 1972

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-963
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Collective Attention ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Manpower Needs ◽  
Goals And Objectives

This year marks the 42nd anniversary of the American Academy of Pediatrics. From its original 35 members, in this short span of years, the Academy has become a progressive, rapidly growing, vigorous group of more than 14,000 Fellows-four-fifths of all the United States pediatricians and a representative percentage of the pediatricians in Central and South America and Canada. During this interval, the Academy has consistently developed its programs and activities to advance and promote the health and welfare of children. Yet for the first 35 years we were basically an educational, disease-oriented organization, with little impact on community-oriented medical services, or on the socioeconomics of health care. Fortunately in the past several years there has been a decided change in the policies, priorities, and direction of the Academy. This is best reflected by its recent expanded goals and objectives in a complete revision of Article III, Section I of its Constitution. Even though we are still primarily disease-oriented physicians, we must not forget the problems that are deterrents to good health. We can hardly expect mcdicine to solve every social, political, and economic ill of the ghetto, suburbia, and the rural areas of our country; however, we do have an important role to play and we do have an important contribution to make in our communities. These areas, large or small and wherever they may be, will not have the same medical health and manpower needs, nor the same priorities, and will continually need our individual and collective attention. The United States has more physicians per capita than all but three or four other nations.

A Ballast System for Automated Deep-Sea Ascents

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Golz ◽  
Florin Boeck ◽  
Sebastian Ritz ◽  
Gerd Holbach
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Unmanned Underwater Vehicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Set Up

The efforts to discover the world’s oceans — even in extremely deep-sea environments — have grown more and more in the past years. In this context, unmanned underwater vehicles play a central role. Underwater systems that are not tethered need to provide an apparatus to ensure a safe return to the surface. Therefore, positive buoyancy is required and can be achieved by either losing weight or expanding volume. A conservative method is the dropping of ballast weight. However, nowadays this method is not appropriate due to the environmental impact. This paper presents a ballast system for an automated ascent of a deep-sea seabed station in up to 6000 m depth. The ballast system uses a DC motor driven modified hydraulic pump and a compressed air auxiliary system inside a pressure vessel. With regard to the environmental contamination in case of a leakage, only water is used as ballast fluid. The modification of an ordinary oil-hydraulic radial piston pump and the set-up of the ballast system is introduced. Results from sea trials in the Atlantic Ocean are presented to verify the functionality of the ballast system.

scholarly journals The Reversing Paging Process of Callee in Heterogeneous Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Cong Zhao ◽  
Wei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Vertical Handoff ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Wireless Signal ◽  
Set Up

To achieve the goal that anybody could communicate with anyone at anytime in anyplace and in anyway, many technologies, such as GSM、CDMA、WCDMA、CDMA2000、TD-SCDMA、802.11a/b/g and so on, come true in the past years. And now, many B3G or 4G technologies are being studied. It is well-known that the future network would be heterogeneous networks. It is studied in this paper the mobility management of wireless heterogeneous network and a reversing paging process of callee is proposed which integrates paging and handoff. In the process when the caller pages the callee choosing its best suited network on one end, the callee chooses its own best network to begin a reversing paging process to set up the communication. The simulation tells that the proposed process has better performances in the call delay, the call succeeding rate and the wireless signal cost than that of the existing process in which it sets up the call first and then does vertical handoff independently.

scholarly journals Five-Year Experience of Liver Transplant at Kerman University of Medical Sciences: Afzalipoor Hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masood Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transplantation Center ◽  
Set Up ◽  
End Stage

Introduction: The only option for treatment of end stage liver diseases is liver transplantation. Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran is the third largest liver transplantation center in Iran. In this study, the outcomes of this center have been studied during the past 5 years. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the pre and post transplantation’s clinical, demographic and outcome data of all patients who received liver transplant at Afzalipour Hospital during the past 5 years have been collected and reviewed. SPSS software ver. 16 was used to analyze the data. Results: Forty-three patients have received liver transplantation during this time interval. The 3-year survival rate of patients was 77%. The most common cause of death was primary nonfunction graft after transplantation. The most common complication was acute rejection (15%), all of which were successfully treated with corticosteroids. Conclusion:  Due to increment of cases of acute and chronic liver failure in the community and since the final treatment of these cases is liver transplantation, so there is need to develop liver transplant centers in the future. Quantitative and qualitative study of the activity of centers based liver transplant in Iran is necessary to set up successful centers.

scholarly journals Contribution of the Black Sea observing system to ECOOP

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1695-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Korotaev ◽  
V. L. Dorofeev ◽  
S. V. Motyzhev ◽  
V. N. Belokopytov ◽  
A. Palazov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Network Integration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Real Time Operation ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Regular observations in the Black Sea basin started in the past century, and quite good multidisciplinary observing system operated in the 70–80ies based on the ship observations. Modern oceanographic observing system in the basin is built according to the GOOS principles. It includes space remote sensing observations, data of free floating buoys and costal observational network. Integration of the observing system and its real-time operation were started within the framework of the FP5 ARENA project and later were improved during the FP6 ASCABOS project. The coastal observing system which includes time series from the coastal platforms and multidisciplinary surveys of the coastal areas fulfilled by the research vessels was set up during the ECOOP. Paper describes all components of the Black Sea observing system operated during the ECOOP project and its applications in the framework of the project.

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