First report on leaf Essential oil of In vitro Kaempferia galanga L. from Eastern India

Background: The Lamiaceae (Labiatae) is one of the most diverse and widespread plant families’ in terms of ethno medicine and its medicinal value is based on the volatile oils concentration. This family is important for flavour, fragrance and medicinal properties. Manyplants belonging to this family have indigenous value. Method: The essential oil of Plectranthus gerardianusBenth. (Lamiaceae), was analysed by GC and GC-MS analysis, while the major component was isolated and conformed by NMR spectroscopy. Result: The oil was found to be rich in oxygenated monoterpenes, which contribute around 62% of the total oil. The major components identified were fenchone (22.90%) and carvenone oxide (16.75%), besides other mono and sesquiterpenoids. The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oil was tested against three gram negative bacteria viz. Pasteurellamultocida, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica, two gram positive bacteria viz. Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and two fungi viz. Candida albicans and Aspergillusflavus. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was also compared to the antimicrobial activity of leaf essential oil of another Himalayan plant viz. Nepetacoerulescens. Conclusion: The oil showed in-vitro antimicrobial activity against all the microbial strains and can lessen the ever-growing demand of potentially hazardous antibiotics for treatment.

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Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome As a Potential Dental Plaque Preventive Agent

Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev1iss1pp19-25 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Triana Hertiani ◽

Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi ◽

Iramie Duma Kencana Irianto ◽

Aini Febriana

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Kaempferia Galanga ◽

Degradation Activity ◽

Biofilm Inhibitor

Dental plaque prevention can be achieved by inhibition of mouth cavity microbes to built biofilm. Kaempferia galanga rhizome has been known as a potential antibacterial agent. This research aimed to reveal the potency of Kaempferia galanga extract and essential oil as anti plaque active agents, based on their in vitro inhibitory activity against the planktonic growth and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 21752. Kaempferia galanga extract was obtained by defatting dried-pulverized samples in petroleum ether prior to immersion in 70% ethanol. The fresh rhizome was steam-hydro distilled for 6 h to yield the essential oil. Antibacterial and anti biofilm assays were measured by micro dilution technique on polystyrene 96-wells micro titer plates at 37°C. The percentage of inhibition was calculated by comparing the absorbance of samples to the vehicle (control) measured by micro plate reader at 595 nm. Biofilms formed were first stained by 1% crystal violet. The above assays were performed in triplicates. This study revealed that both K. galanga rhizome essential oil and ethanolic extract showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity towards S. mutans. The ethanol extract showed MIC90 value at 0.091% w/v and MBC at 2.724% w/v for antibacterial activity; IC50 at 0.048 % w/v for anti biofilm formation activity; and EC50 at 0.052%w/v for biofilm degradation activity. Until the highest concentration tested (0.6%w/v), the MIC90 and MBC values of the essential oil were not revealed, but higher biofilm inhibitory activity i.e. IC50 at 0.025 % w/v; and EC50 at 0.034 %w/v were observed. Key words: biofilm inhibitor, antibacterial, Kaempferia galanga

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Composition and in-vitro CytotoxicActivities of the Leaf Essential Oil of Beilschmiedia erythrophloia from Taiwan

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800135 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800

Author(s):

Yu-Chang Su ◽

Chen-Lung Ho

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Main Components ◽

Type Apparatus

This study investigated the chemical composition and in-vitro cytotoxic activities of the essential oil isolated from the leaf of Beilschmiedia erythrophloia. The essential oil was isolated using hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. Fifty-five compounds were identified, representing 100% of the oil. The main components identified were β-caryophyllene (22.6%), α-humulene (21.9%), terpinen-4-ol (5.3%), cis-β-ocimene (5.1%), sabinene (5.0%) and limonene (4.5%). The anticancer activities of oil were evaluated. The results showed that the oil exhibited cytotoxic activity against human oral, liver, lung, colon, melanoma, and leukemic cancer cells.

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A Somaclonal Variant of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium spp.) with Moderately High Content of Isomenthone in its Essential Oil

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200700931 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200700

Author(s):

Swaroop S Kulkarni ◽

Nagawara S Ravindra ◽

Kalavagunta V N S Srinivas ◽

Raghavendra N Kulkarni

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Somaclonal Variation ◽

Genetic Improvement ◽

In Vitro Mutagenesis ◽

Conventional Breeding ◽

Parental Clone ◽

First Report ◽

Somaclonal Variant

Rose-scented geranium ( Pelargonium spp.), which is highly valued for its essential oil, is exclusively propagated vegetatively. Hence no genetic improvement work is possible through conventional breeding. Somaclonal variation was generated with and without in vitro mutagenesis using N-nitroso- N-methyl urea (NMU) in an Indian cultivar ‘Bourbon’, and a clone ‘Narmada’. A somaclonal variant (N75) with a moderately high content of isomenthone in its essential oil was isolated from somaclones generated after treatment of internodal explants of clone, ‘Narmada’ with 0.25 mM NMU for 1 h. The contents of isomenthone in its essential oil were 26% and 35%, respectively, in SC2/VM2 and SC3/VM3 generations (second and third vegetative generations, respectively, after in vitro mutagen treatment) as compared with 0.7% and 0.3%, respectively, in the parental clone, ‘Narmada’. The contents of alcohols and their esters (linalool, citronellol, geraniol, citronellyl formate and geranyl formate) in the essential oil of N75 in SC2/VM2 and SC3/VM3 generations were 49% and 35%, respectively, as compared with 69% and 63%, respectively, in the parental clone, ‘Narmada’. This is the first report on a chemovariant of rose-scented geranium with a moderately high content of isomenthone. All earlier reported isomenthone-rich variants of rose-scented geranium had quite high contents of isomenthone (64-71%) in their essential oils. The probable modes of origin of this somaclonal variant, its parental clone ‘Narmada’ (with very low content of isomenthone) and four earlier reported isomenthone-rich variants of Indian cultivars of geranium are discussed.

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Composition, in vitro Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaf Essential Oil of Machilus konishii from Taiwan

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1601100944 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1601100

Author(s):

Yu-Chang Su ◽

Kuan-Ping Hsu ◽

Chen-Lung Ho

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Nitric Oxide Production ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Main Components ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The chemical composition and in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the leaf essential oil of Machilus konishii has been investigated. The essential oil was isolated using hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by GC–FID and GC–MS. Sixty-six compounds were identified, representing 100% of the oil. The main components identified were α-pinene (33.9%), β-pinene (13.9%), and thymol (12.0%). The leaf oil was able to reduce nitric oxide production by lipopolysaccharide-activated murine macrophages RAW 264.7 without reducing the cell viability. In addition, the leaf oil showed strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The major ingredient of the oil that was responsible for the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was thymol.

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Cumin scented leaf essential oil of Cinnamomum chemungianum: compositions and their in vitro antioxidant, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory activities

Natural Product Research ◽

10.1080/14786419.2017.1360884 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (17) ◽

pp. 2081-2084 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Venkatraman Sriramavaratharajan ◽

Ramar Murugan

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Inhibitory Activities

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Flaxseed oil and clove leaf essential oil in Zebrafish diet (Danio rerio)

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.48126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. e48126

Author(s):

Thiberio Carvalho da Silva ◽

Michele Silva ◽

Fabiana Carbonera ◽

Jesui Vergilio Visentainer ◽

Karina Sayuri Utsunomiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Specific Growth Rates

Flaxseed oil is recognized as the plant source richest in α-linolenic acid, whereas clove leaf essential oil has a strong antioxidant capacity. The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro antioxidant capacity of diets containing a combination of flaxseed oil (FO) and clove leaf essential oil (CLEO), as well as to use zebrafish (Danio rerio) to assess their effect on the animals’ growth. Fifty days after hatching, a total of 420 male specimens (0.29 ± 0.04 g) were divided into seven groups for each diet and fed for 55 days to be used, with the diets being: control, absent FO and CLEO; 3% FO + 0.5% CLEO; 3% FO + 1% CLEO; 6% FO + 0.5% CLEO; 6% FO + 1% CLEO; 9% FO + 0.5% CLEO and 9% FO + 1% CLEO. Antioxidant activity was determined through DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) tests, showing interaction effect between factors (FO x CLEO, p < 0.05); the diets containing 1% combined with 3, 6 or 9% of FO presented means higher than those of the 0.5% diets. No mortality was observed during the experiment. For final weight and weight gain, there was no interaction effect (p > 0.05), only isolated effect for FO, with the fish fed 6 and 9% diets having the best results. Final total length and specific growth rates showed interaction effect (p < 0.05). As for specific growth rates, the best response was that of the diet with 6% FO and 0.5% CLEO. Final length showed increase with FO levels, even when there was association with 0.5 or 1% of CLEO. Therefore, combined use of 9% of FL with 0.5% of CLEO is recommended for zebrafish.

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