Response of salt-tolerant tree species to different levels of soil salinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Qian Yang
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MM Alam Patwary ◽  
H Barua ◽  
M Hossain ◽  
MM Hasan

Fifteen salt tolerant CIP (International Potato Centre) Potato genotypes along with BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) Alu 7 (Diamant) and one local variety viz., Dohazari Sada were evaluated at Bashkhali, Chittagong during 2011-12 to screen the suitable genotypes for cultivation in saline areas of Bangladesh. Diamant and Dohazari Sada and all of the CIP genotypes were found to grow well up to 60 DAP (Days After Planting) at saline areas having healthy plants and no senescence was noticed but after that 61-100% plants died due to high level of soil salinity (6.41dS/m) depending on genotypes. Genotype CIP 112 gave the highest yield (21.07 t/ha) and CIP 102 was comparatively less affected by soil salinity than the other genotypes. However, all the salt tolerant CIP genotypes were found to be promising in the saline soil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i1.15249 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(1) 95-102


Silicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2659-2667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahanshah Saleh ◽  
Nosratollah Najafi ◽  
Shahin Oustan ◽  
Kazem Ghasemi-Golezani ◽  
Naser Aliasghrzad

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha ◽  
Shikha Yashveer ◽  
Vikram Singh ◽  
Swati Pratap

ABSTRACTSoil salinity is a worldwide adverse environmental factor for crop productivity and quality in arid, semiarid and coastal areas. In India, approximately 8.5 million hectare of land area is affected by high salinity (EC ≥ 5 dS m−1). Development of salinity tolerant varieties through marker assisted breeding is most efficient and effective strategy for management of soil salinity. WH 1105 is widely cultivated wheat variety with many agronomically superior qualities but is affected by soil salinity. Two genes (Nax1andNax2) for salinity tolerance were introgressed from Kharchia 65 into the genetic background of WH 1105 through marker assisted backcross breeding. BC1F3, BC2F2and F4generations of the cross WH1105 x Kharchia 65 were evaluated for various morphological traits under initial salt stress condition. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic variations 44 high yielding plants were selected from the cross. Out of 178 SSRs tested, 30 were found polymorphic for background selection of the foreground selected plants. Cluster tree analysis of parents and all the three generations showed that all the selected plants were inclined toward recurrent parent (WH 1105) indicating higher similarity with the recurrent parent. Four plants were selected as high grain yielding and salt tolerant. These plants could be further backcrossed with the recurrent parent to develop salt tolerant wheat lines.


1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Karami

SUMMARYNine high-oil varieties of sunflower were evaluated for their reactions to salinity during emergence in salinized soil culture ranging from 0 to 12·80 mmhos/cm under controlled temperature of 27±1 °C. The varieties were Louck, Vniimk-8931, Chernianka-66, Record, Armarisky, Peredovik, Orizont, Mhjak and Zarea.Soil salinity decreased the percentage of emergence in all varieties of sunflower. The rate of decrease in emergence of some varieties was greater than others. Among varieties tested Vniimk-8931 (a tall variety) and Chernianka-66 (a dwarf variety) showed the highest and the lowest tolerance to salinity at 7·60 mmhos/cm, respectively. For electric conductivities above 7·60 mmhos/cm, the nine varieties of sunflower could be classified in three categories. Vniimk-8931, Record, Louck, Peredovik and Armarisky as high salt tolerant, Mhjak and Orizont as medium salt tolerant and Chernianka-66 as low salt tolerant varieties.


Irriga ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nildo Da Silva Dias ◽  
Sergio Nascimento Duarte ◽  
Roberto Takafumi Yoshinaga ◽  
José Francisco Teles Filho

PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE SOB DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE SALINIDADE DO SOLO. Nildo da Silva Dias; Sergio Nascimento Duarte; Roberto Takafumi Yoshinaga; José Francisco Teles FilhoDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura ”Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP., CP 09, CEP 13418-900,  [email protected] 1 RESUMODevido à falta de conhecimento por parte dos nossos agricultores e técnicos a respeito do manejo adequado da fertirrigação, tem sido freqüente os problemas de salinização de solo, sobretudo em ambiente protegido. Desse modo, com o objetivo estudar os efeitos de diferentes níveis iniciais de salinidade do solo no crescimento e na produção de alface, foi desenvolvido um experimento em ambiente protegido no Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, município de Piracicaba, SP. Utilizaram-se amostras de 10 kg de solo de um Latossolo Vermelho, as quais foram peneiradas, secas ao ar e acondicionadas em vasos de 17 L, tendo em sua base perfurada uma camada de envelope de 2 cm (brita + geotextil), resultando em uma camada de solo de 20 cm. As amostras de solos foram salinizadas artificialmente por excesso de adubos utilizados na fertirrigação. A umidade do solo foi elevada até a máxima capacidade de retenção e, concomitantemente, foram adicionados os sais diluídos via água, obtendo-se 9 níveis diferentes de salinidade do solo (0,4; 1,0, 2,0; 3,0; 4,0; 5,0; 6,0; 7,0 e 8,0 dS m -1) com 5 repetições. As proporções e os tipos de sais aplicados no solo seguiram a recomendação de adubação para a cultura do alface. Determinou-se o limite máximo de salinidade (salinidade limiar) tolerado pela cultura, causada pelo excesso de fertilizantes e seus efeitos nas variáveis de produção comercial e nos componentes de produção. Concluiu-se que todas as variáveis analisadas foram influenciadas pelos níveis iniciais de salinidade, e que para a maioria delas, o nível limiar foi superior ao usualmente citado na literatura (1,3 dS m-1). UNITERMOS: condutividade elétrica, fertirrigação, Lactuca sativa L.  DIAS, N. S.; DUARTE, S. N.; YOSHINAGA, R. T.; TELES FILHO, J. F.LETTUCE YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SOIL SALINITY.                                                                                                                  2 ABSTRACT Due to the lack of knowledge of the appropriate fertirrigation management in greenhouses by our farmers and technicians, problems of soil salinity have been observed frequently. To evaluate lettuce yield and growth under different levels of soil salinity caused by excessive fertilizer application, a study under greenhouse conditions was carried out in the experimental field of the Rural Engineering Department of the “Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz – USP”, Piracicaba, Brazil. 10-kg soil samples in Oxysol were used. They were sifted, dried in open air and conditioned in 17-L perforated base vases with a 2-cm envelope layer (gravel + synthetic fabric), resulting in a 20-cm soil depth. The soils samples were salinized artificially by excess of fertilizers used in fertirrigation. The soil moisture was elevated to the maximum retention capacity using water with diluted salts to obtain 9 different levels of soil salinity (0.4, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0,4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 dS m -1) with 5 repetitions. The proportions and types of salts applied in the soil followed the total nutrient extraction for the culture of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The maximum tolerated salinity limit caused by fertilizer excess was determined and also its effects in commercial production and production components. The results showed that different levels of soil salinity influenced all analyzed variables and that for most of the variables the maximum limit was higher than the one used found in the literature (1,3 dS m-1). KEYWORDS: Electric conductivity, fertirrigation, Lactuca sativa L.


2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen Akhtar ◽  
Mansoor Hameed ◽  
Fahim Nawaz ◽  
Khawaja Shafique Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
...  

<p><strong>Background. </strong>Soil salinity is a major menace to plants. Salt tolerant plants have developed different morphological, structural and physiological characteristics, which enable them to survive and reproduce under high salt concentrations.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Hypothesis.</strong> It was hypothesized that differently adapted ecotypes of <em>T. domingensis </em>may have different structural and biochemical response to various levels of salt stress.</p><p><strong>Studied species/Data description.</strong> Six ecotypes of <em>Typha domingensis </em>Pers. were evaluated for anatomical and biochemical response and to find out the mechanism of adaptation under salt stress.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> All the ecotypes of <em>Typha domingensis </em>were acclimatized for a period of six months. Four levels of salinity viz. 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl were maintained. The plants were carefully collected from the medium to study various anatomical and biochemical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> The most promising anatomical modifications were; reduced leaf thickness in Sheikhupura, Gatwala and Treemu ecotype, increased cell vacuolar volume in Sahianwala and Knotti ecotype, larger metaxylem vessel in Sheikhupura and Gatwala ecotype, aerenchyma formation in all ecotypes and high sclerification in Sahianwala and Knotti ecotype. Accumulation of osmolytes mainly proline and glycinebetaine in Treemu, Sahianwala, Jahlar and Knotti ecotype under different levels of salt stress may be defense mechanism of <em>T</em>.<em> domingensis</em> to prevent severe loss in turgor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The results demonstrate that genetic potential of <em>T</em>.<em> domingensis</em> to grow under salt stress could be used for the purpose of phytoremediation and reclamation of soil salinity.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE REUBER ALMEIDA DA SILVA ◽  
FRANCISCO MARCUS LIMA BEZERRA ◽  
CLAUDIVAN FEITOSA DE LACERDA ◽  
CARLOS HENRIQUE CARVALHO DE SOUSA ◽  
MARLOS ALVES BEZERRA

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological acclimation responses of young plants of the dwarf coconut cultivar Jiqui Green‘ associated with tolerance to conditions of multiple abiotic stresses (drought and soil salinity), acting either independently or in combination. The study was conducted under controlled conditions and evaluated the following parameters: leaf gas exchange, quantum yield of chlorophyll a fluorescence, and relative contents of total chlorophyll (SPAD index). The experiment was conducted under a randomized block experimental design, in a split plot arrangement. In the plots, plants were exposed to different levels of water stress, by imposing potential crop evapotranspiration replacement levels equivalent to 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%, whereas in subplots, plants were exposed to different levels of soil salinity (1.72, 6.25, 25.80, and 40.70 dS m-1). Physiological mechanisms were effectively limited when water deficit and salinity acted separately and/or together. Compared with soil salinity, water stress was more effective in reducing the measured physiological parameters. The magnitudes of the responses of plants to water supply and salinity depended on the intensity of stress and evaluation period. The physiological acclimation responses of plants were mainly related to stomatal regulation. The coconut tree has a number of physiological adjustment mechanisms that give the species partial tolerance to drought stress and/or salt, thereby enabling it to revegetate salinated areas, provided that its water requirements are at least partially met.


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