scholarly journals Locomotor activity of Drosophila melanogaster larvae with altered function of gene swiss cheese

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
N. P. Matiytsiv ◽  
O. I. Trush ◽  
O. M. Gudyma ◽  
Ya. I. Chernyk
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Neuropathy Target Esterase ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Swiss Cheese ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
First Time

Aim. Gene swiss cheese (sws) in Drosophila melanogaster is ortholog of human gene Neuropathy Target Esterase (NTE). Point mutation in this gene lead to many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Spastic Paraplegia. The aim of this study was to determine whether the change of gene sws function influence in Drosophila larvae motor behavior. Methods. We used two mutant lines: sws1 and sws76-15; transgenic lines for UAS-Gal4 controlled expression of SWS in moroneurons. Locomotor assay was performed in third-instar larvae. Results. We have found that larvae sws76-15 and sws1 showed significant decrease of motor behavior in comparison with wild type: sws1 has 35.4 %, and sws76-15 24.1 % difference with Oregon R. Functional knockout of sws in motoneuron showed decrease of motor activity as well – 16.5 % less than control. overexpression sequences of complete SWS protein in motoneurons causes significant increment in motor activity about 43.7 %. Esterase domen and three nucleotidbinding domains overexpression in larvae motoneurons had no differences compared to control. Conclusions. For the first time was shown a critical role of gene sws for larvae motor activity in D. melanogaster. Flies with altered sws function are good model of spastic paraplegia study. Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster, sws/NTE, neuropathy, locomotor behavior.

scholarly journals Genetic study of motor functions in Drosophila melanogaster

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey A Fedotov ◽  
Julia V Bragina ◽  
Nataliya G Besedina ◽  
Larisa V Danilenkova ◽  
Elena A Kamysheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Central Pattern Generators ◽  
Courtship Song ◽  
P Element ◽  
Rhythmic Motor ◽  
Pattern Generators ◽  
First Time

To investigate molecular mechanisms of central pattern generators (CPG s) functioning, we carried out a screening of collection of Drosophila P-insertional mutants for strong deviations in locomotion and courtship song. In 21 mutants, the site of the P-insertion was localized by sequencing of the fragments of genomic DNA flanking the P-element. Bioinformational analysis revealed a list of candidate genes, potential players in development and functioning of CPG s. Possible involvement of certain identified genes in rhythmic motor activity is suggested for the first time (CG15630, Map205).

scholarly journals Strategy for searching potential partner genes of Drosophila melanogaster Sws gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
M. Ye. Horin ◽  
N. P. Matiytsiv
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Genetic Interaction ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Neuropathy Target Esterase ◽  
Swiss Cheese ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Gene Database

Aim. The Drosophila swiss cheese (sws) gene is a mammalian ortholog of neuropathy target esterase (NTE or PNPLA6). This protein is involved in the functioning of the nervous system and causes some kinds of polyneuropathy with the mechanism unknown. Genes-interactors of the sws gene should be found to investigate the cellular mechanism of SWS/NTE-dependent neuropathy formation and to find out what signaling pathways SWS is involved in. Methods. The search was done in the Drosophila database – Flybase, in the NCBI (Gene) database to search for orthologs, and the String web resource was used in the case of potential protein interactions. Results. Only four experimentally identified genes-interactors were listed in the Flybase. Based on the expression changes data of 28 genes at PNPLA6 silencing, a theoretical search for the corresponding orthologs in Drosophila was done. The in silico assay predicted 10 proteins that are probably functioning within one metabolic pathway. Conclusions. The methods applied gave us a wide list of genes that can interact with sws at different levels: from the expression pattern to the phenotype. Therefore, 25 potentially partner genes were selected to verify the genetic interaction of these genes in vivo. Keywords: gene swiss cheese, neuropathy target esterase, neurodegeneration, in silico analysis, genes interaction, Drosophila melanogaster.

Non-Plasmonic SERS with Silicon: Is It Really Safe? New Insights into Opto-Thermics of Core/Shell Microbeads

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolò Bontempi ◽  
Irene Vassalini ◽  
Stefano Danesi ◽  
Matteo Ferroni ◽  
Paolo Colombi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Raman Laser ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Thermal Coupling ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Experimental Proof ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Light Management ◽  
Laser Sources ◽  
First Time

<p>Here we investigate for the first time the opto-thermal behavior of SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si core/shell microbeads (Si-rex) irradiated with three common Raman laser sources (lambda=532, 633, 785 nm) under real working conditions. We obtained an experimental proof of the critical role played by bead size and aggregation in heat and light management, demonstrating that in the case of strong opto-thermal coupling the temperature can exceed that of the melting points of both core and shell components. In addition, we also show that weakly coupled beads can be utilized as stable substrates for plasmon-free SERS experiments.</p>

Synergistic action of propolis with levodopa in the management of Parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Tiyo Ayikobua ◽  
Josephine Kasolo ◽  
Keneth Iceland Kasozi ◽  
Ejike Daniel Eze ◽  
Abass Safiriyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis ◽  
Different Doses

AbstractBackgroundThe Phosphatase and tensin-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1B9) mutant for Drosophila melanogaster is a key tool that has been used in assessing the pathology of Parkinsonism and its possible remedy. This research was targeted toward determining the effects of ethanolic extract of propolis, with levodopa therapy in the management of Parkinsonism.MethodThe PINK1B9 flies were divided into groups and fed with the different treatment doses of ethanoic extract of propolis. The treatment groups were subjected to 21 days of administration of propolis and the levodopa at different doses after which percentage climbing index, antioxidant activity and lifespan studies were done.ResultsPropolis alone improved motor activity, antioxidant and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster than in PINK1 flies. Propolis in combination with levodopa significantly (P<0.05) improved physiological parameters at higher than lower concentrations in Parkinsonism Drosophila melanogaster demonstrating its importance in managing side effects associated with levodopa.ConclusionPropolis is a novel candidate as an alternative and integrative medicinal option to use in the management of Parkinsonism in both animals and humans at higher concentrations.

Synthesis of an azadioxa-planar triphenylborane and investigation of its structural and photophysical properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kitamoto ◽  
K. Oda ◽  
K. Ogino ◽  
K. Hiyama ◽  
H. Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Molecular Properties ◽  
Bridging Groups ◽  
First Time

An azadioxa-planar triphenylborane was synthesized for the first time and it was found that bridging groups have a critical role in changing its molecular properties.

DISTRIBUTIONS OF LOCAL MANDELBROT-HURST EXPONENTS: MOTOR ACTIVITY IN FETAL RATS OF COCAINIZED MOTHERS AND MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS

Fractals ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 893-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAREN A. SELZ ◽  
ARNOLD J. MANDELL ◽  
CARL M. ANDERSON ◽  
WILLIAM P. SMOTHERMAN ◽  
MARTIN H. TEICHER
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Behavioral Systems ◽  
Statistical Indices ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
The One ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Hurst Exponents

Intermittency, in which the normalized weight of large fluctuations grows for increasingly longer statistical samples, is seen as irregular bursting activity in time and is characteristic of the behavior of many brain and behavioral systems. This pattern has been related to the brain-stabilizing interplay of the general mechanisms of silence-evoked sensitization and activity-evoked desensitization, which can be found at most levels of neurobiological function and which vary more smoothly and at much longer times than the phasic observables. We use both the global Mandelbrot-Hurst exponent and the distribution of local Mandelbrot-Hurst exponents, in combination with dynamical entropies, to quantitate the property of nonuniform persistence which we treat as both deterministically expansive and statistically diffusive. For example, varying the parameter of the one-dimensional, Manneville-Pomeau intermittency map generated time series which demonstrated systematic changes in these statistical indices of persistence. Relatively small doses of cocaine administered to pregnant rats increased statistical indices of expansiveness and persistence in fetal motor behavior. These techniques also model and characterize a breakdown of statistical scaling in 72-hour time series of the amount of motor activity in some hospitalized manic-depressive patients.

scholarly journals Dual roles for the Drosophila PI 4-kinase Four wheel drive in localizing Rab11 during cytokinesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Polevoy ◽  
Ho-Chun Wei ◽  
Raymond Wong ◽  
Zsofia Szentpetery ◽  
Yeun Ju Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Recycling Endosome ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

Successful completion of cytokinesis relies on addition of new membrane, and requires the recycling endosome regulator Rab11, which localizes to the midzone. Despite the critical role of Rab11 in this process, little is known about the formation and composition of Rab11-containing organelles. Here, we identify the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4-kinase III β Four wheel drive (Fwd) as a key regulator of Rab11 during cytokinesis in Drosophila melanogaster spermatocytes. We show Fwd is required for synthesis of PI 4-phosphate (PI4P) on Golgi membranes and for formation of PI4P-containing secretory organelles that localize to the midzone. Fwd binds and colocalizes with Rab11 on Golgi membranes, and is required for localization of Rab11 in dividing cells. A kinase-dead version of Fwd also binds Rab11 and partially restores cytokinesis to fwd mutant flies. Moreover, activated Rab11 partially suppresses loss of fwd. Our data suggest Fwd plays catalytic and noncatalytic roles in regulating Rab11 during cytokinesis.

Panagrellus levitatus sp. n. (Rhabditida: Panagrolaimidae), a nematode suppressing Drosophila melanogaster in laboratory cultures

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanova ◽  
Ksenia Perfilieva ◽  
Sergei Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
First Time

A new nematode species recovered from the laboratory culture ofDrosophila melanogasteris described and illustrated. The mass reproduction ofPanagrellus levitatussp. n. in the fly culture occurred several times and resulted in a significant reduction of the fly population. Nematode outbreaks happened after the introduction ofD. melanogasterto the culture from natural sources. The new species is morphologically similar toP. ulmi. Partial LSU rDNA and SSU rDNA sequences were obtained and subjected to phylogenetic analysis that demonstrated the affinity of the new species withPanagrellussp. ‘MC2014’ from a red palm weevil. For the first time, the dauer juveniles ofPanagrelluswere described.

scholarly journals Prediction of IL4 Inducing Peptides

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar Dhanda ◽  
Sudheer Gupta ◽  
Pooja Vir ◽  
G. P. S. Raghava
Keyword(s):  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Data Set ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Antibody Class ◽  
First Time ◽  
Motif Information

The secretion of Interleukin-4 (IL4) is the characteristic of T-helper 2 responses. IL4 is a cytokine produced by CD4+ T cells in response to helminthes and other extracellular parasites. It has a critical role in guiding antibody class switching, hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the development of appropriate effector T-cell responses. In this study, it is the first time an attempt has been made to understand whether it is possible to predict IL4 inducing peptides. The data set used in this study comprises 904 experimentally validated IL4 inducing and 742 noninducing MHC class II binders. Our analysis revealed that certain types of residues are preferred at certain positions in IL4 inducing peptides. It was also observed that IL4 inducing and noninducing epitopes differ in compositional and motif pattern. Based on our analysis we developed classification models where the hybrid method of amino acid pairs and motif information performed the best with maximum accuracy of 75.76% and MCC of 0.51. These results indicate that it is possible to predict IL4 inducing peptides with reasonable precession. These models would be useful in designing the peptides that may induce desired Th2 response.

The P-element-induced silencing effect of KP transposons is dose dependent in Drosophila melanogaster

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sameny ◽  
John Locke
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
P Element ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Dose Dependent

Transposable elements are found in the genomes of all eukaryotes and play a critical role in altering gene expression and genome organization. In Drosophila melanogaster, transposable P elements are responsible for the phenomenon of hybrid dysgenesis. KP elements, a deletion-derivative of the complete P element, can suppress this mutagenic effect. KP elements can also silence the expression of certain other P-element-mediated transgenes in a process called P-element-dependent silencing (PDS), which is thought to involve the recruitment of heterochromatin proteins. To explore the mechanism of this silencing, we have mobilized KP elements to create a series of strains that contain single, well-defined KP insertions that show PDS. To understand the quantitative role of KP elements in PDS, these single inserts were combined in a series of crosses to obtain genotypes with zero, one, or two KP elements, from which we could examine the effect of KP gene dose. The extent of PDS in these genotypes was shown to be dose dependent in a logarithmic rather than linear fashion. A logarithmic dose dependency is consistent with the KP products interacting with heterochromatic proteins in a concentration-dependent manner such that two molecules are needed to induce gene silencing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document