scholarly journals FROM LINGUISTIC FEATURES TO CULTURAL PATTERNS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-49
Author(s):  
Anne Agersnap ◽  
Kirstine Helboe Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Close Reading ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
First Case ◽  
Basic Features

This article discusses the concept of reading and presents a method thatcombines distant and close reading, while drawing on insights fromcomputational humanities. Focusing on basic features in language, distantreading allows for the construction of new types of text. By close reading thesetexts, it is possible to analyse cultural patterns across individual texts. Thismethod of reading is illustrated by two cases stemming from a project basedon a corpus of 11,955 Danish sermons. The first case begins with a distantreading of gendered pronouns in the corpus. The second case begins with adistant reading of named agents.*

scholarly journals Still Hoping: The Relation of International Auxiliary Languages to Worldview and Perception

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Zorrilla
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Community Membership ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Length

Constructed international auxiliary languages (IALs) have been proposed to influence the cultural identities and world perspectives of their speakers. The creation of IALs surged in the late 19th century as a response to rising nationalism; through their sociopolitical neutrality and ease of learning, IALs sought to introduce unity to a divided world. Though IAL adoption remains limited, their speakers still believe that given the ability to spread, IALs could unite our global community. To examine group trends and individual perspectives in how IALs may influence identity and perception, I surveyed and interviewed an online Esperantist community. I also performed close reading of randomly-selected posts on online forums for Esperanto, Volapük, and Toki Pona, as well as the general forum Linguistics and Conlangs. Finally, I analyzed content for six months of posts from the Volapük and Toki Pona forums. Most speakers (68.8%) self-reported that IALs changed their perception and, fewer (34.4%), beliefs. Survey respondents and interviewees cited community membership, broader communication, and IALs’ simplified linguistic features as influences on their worldviews. Accordingly, more years speaking Esperanto, seeking and feeling part of Esperanto communities, and believing the world would be a better place with more IAL adoption significantly correlated with change in beliefs. Different IAL forums statistically differed in their content, interactivity, and post length, which may reflect language-influenced disparities. The results suggest that IALs may affect the beliefs of learners in relation to their community-building properties and widening of communication ranges and impact the perceptions of learners through their unique structures.

scholarly journals The Signs of Silence – An Overview of Systems of Sign Languages and Co-Speech Gestures

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Emilija Mustapić ◽  
Frane Malenica
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Simple Form ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Single Modality ◽  
Spatial Modality

The paper presents an overview of sign languages and co-speech gestures as two means of communication realised through the visuo-spatial modality. We look at previous research to examine the correlation between spoken and sign language phonology, but also provide an insight into the basic features of co-speech gestures. By analysing these features, we are able to see how these means of communication utilise phases of production (in the case of gestures) or parts of individual signs (in the case of sign languages) to convey or complement the meaning. Recent insights into sign languages as bona fide linguistic systems and co-speech gestures as a system which has no linguistic features but accompanies spoken language have shown that communication does not take place within just a single modality but is rather multimodal. By comparing gestures and sign languages to spoken languages, we are able to trace the transition from systems of communication involving simple form-meaning pairings to fully fledged morphological and syntactic complexities in spoken and sign languages, which gives us a new outlook on the emergence of linguistic phenomena.

scholarly journals BLACK HOLE AS A SUPERCOLLIDER

2011 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
O. B. ZASLAVSKII
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Lorentz Factor ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
First Case ◽  
Black Hole Background ◽  
Mass Frame ◽  
Bsw Effect ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Nonrotating Frame

Recently, it was found that in the vicinity of the black hole horizon of a rotating black hole two particles can collide in such a way that the energy in their centre of mass frame becomes infinite (so-called BSW effect). I give a brief review of basic features of this effect and show that this is a generic property of rotating black holes. In addition, there exists its counterpart for radial motion of charged particles in the charged black hole background. Simple kinematic explanation is suggested that is based on observation that all massive particles fall in two classes. In the first case (by definition, "usual particles"), the velocity approaches that of light on the horizon in the locally-nonrotating frame due to special relationship between the energy and the angular momentum. In the second case, it tends to some value less than speed of light. As a result, the relative velocity also tends to the speed of light with infinitely growing Lorentz factor.

BLACK HOLE AS A SUPERCOLLIDER

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 3845-3855 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. ZASLAVSKII
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Lorentz Factor ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
First Case ◽  
Black Hole Background ◽  
Mass Frame ◽  
Bsw Effect ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Nonrotating Frame

Recently, it was found that in the vicinity of the black hole horizon of a rotating black hole two particles can collide in such a way that the energy in their centre of mass frame becomes infinite (so-called BSW effect). I give a brief review of basic features of this effect and show that this is a generic property of rotating black holes. In addition, there exists its counterpart for radial motion of charged particles in the charged black hole background. Simple kinematic explanation is suggested that is based on observation that all massive particles fall in two classes. In the first case (by definition, "usual particles"), the velocity approaches that of light on the horizon in the locally-nonrotating frame due to special relationship between the energy and the angular momentum. In the second case, it tends to some value less than speed of light. As a result, the relative velocity also tends to the speed of light with infinitely growing Lorentz factor.

scholarly journals Reason and Revelation or a Philosopher's Squib (The Sixth Maqāma of Ibn Nāqiyā)

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 84-113
Author(s):  
Philip F. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Literary Canon ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Social

Ibn Nāqiyā (d. 1092) is far less well-known than Badiʿ al-Zamān al-Hamadhānī (d. 1008), creator of the maqāma genre and luminary of the Arabic literary canon. After al-Hamadhānī our attention turns normally to al-Ḥarīrī (d. 1122), who refined certain (mainly linguistic) features of the genre and who has subsequently eclipsed the fame of other authors. Ibn Nāqiyā comes chronologically midway between al-Hamadhānī and al-Ḥarīrī; he amplifies more the irreverent tone than the linguistic register of al-Hamadhānī. The sixth maqāma of Ibn Nāqiyā (one of ten surviving pieces) shows in the author a quite detailed knowledge of falsafa, and from it we sense the growing tension between falsafa and orthodox Sunni theology in the eleventh century C.E. This constitutes more than just the social and discursive backdrop to the text: the dichotomy structures the text whose statement of fatalism is as erudite (in an Aristotelian scheme) as it is facetious - and therefore ultimately incoherent. This article lays bare in a close reading the nature and tone of the parody in this burlesque piece.

scholarly journals Developing soft skills with micro-fiction: a close-reading experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Ana Reimão
Keyword(s):  
Soft Skills ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Reading Experience ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Language Module

Micro-contos, or micro-fiction, are very short and concise literary texts that require close-reading and inference from the reader. In this case study, I will describe how I have used these widely available texts in a Portuguese A2/B1 language module to develop analytical and other soft skills. I will demonstrate how this activity meets Tomlinson’s (2011) universal principles for materials development in language teaching, namely, exposing learners to meaningful input highlighting linguistic features as well as enabling learners to engage affectively and cognitively in the learning experience. Finally, I will give details of how it has been received by students.

scholarly journals TWO COUPLED HARMONIC OSCILLATORS ON NONCOMMUTATIVE PLANE

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 1515-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMED JELLAL ◽  
MICHAEL SCHREIBER ◽  
EL HASSAN EL KINANI
Keyword(s):  
Ground State ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Harmonic Oscillators ◽  
Mixing Angle ◽  
Coupled Harmonic Oscillators ◽  
First Case ◽  
Magnetic Length ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Noncommutative Plane

We investigate a system of two coupled harmonic oscillators on the noncommutative plane [Formula: see text] by requiring that the spatial coordinates do not commute. We show that the system can be diagonalized by a suitable transformation, i.e. a rotation with a mixing angle α. The obtained eigenstates as well as the eigenvalues depend on the noncommutativity parameter θ. Focusing on the ground state wave function before the transformation, we calculate the density matrix ρ0(θ) and find that its traces Tr (ρ0(θ)) and [Formula: see text] are not affected by the noncommutativity. Evaluating the Wigner function on [Formula: see text] confirms this. The uncertainty relation is explicitly determined and found to depend on θ. For small values of θ, the relation is shifted by a θ2 term, which can be interpreted as a noncommutativity correction. The calculated entropy does not change with respect to the normal case. We consider the limits α = 0 and α = π/2. In the first case, by identifying θ to the squared magnetic length, one can recover basic features of the Hall system.

Hemoglobin crystals of the red blood cells in the human renal cortex: electron microscopic observations of the renal lithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ueda ◽  
Hiroto Washida ◽  
Nakazo Watari
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

IntroductionHemoglobin crystals in the red blood cells were electronmicroscopically reported by Fawcett in the cat myocardium. In the human, Lessin revealed crystal-containing cells in the periphral blood of hemoglobin C disease patients. We found the hemoglobin crystals and its agglutination in the erythrocytes in the renal cortex of the human renal lithiasis, and these patients had no hematological abnormalities or other diseases out of the renal lithiasis. Hemoglobin crystals in the human erythrocytes were confirmed to be the first case in the kidney.Material and MethodsTen cases of the human renal biopsies were performed on the operations of the seven pyelolithotomies and three ureterolithotomies. The each specimens were primarily fixed in cacodylate buffered 3. 0% glutaraldehyde and post fixed in osmic acid, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol, and then embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections, cut on LKB microtome, were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Electron-diffraction studies in synthetic polymer materials

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 362-365
Author(s):  
D.T. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
First Case ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
The Many

Diffraction studies in polymeric and other beam sensitive materials may bring to mind the many experiments where diffracted intensity has been used as a measure of the electron dose required to destroy fine structure in the TEM. But this paper is concerned with a range of cases where the diffraction pattern itself contains the important information.In the first case, electron diffraction from paraffins, degraded polyethylene and polyethylene single crystals, all the samples are highly ordered, and their crystallographic structure is well known. The diffraction patterns fade on irradiation and may also change considerably in a-spacing, increasing the unit cell volume on irradiation. The effect is large and continuous far C94H190 paraffin and for PE, while for shorter chains to C 28H58 the change is less, levelling off at high dose, Fig.l. It is also found that the change in a-spacing increases at higher dose rates and at higher irradiation temperatures.

Small-Angle Electron Scattering (SAES) of Polymers

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Ralph Oralor ◽  
Pamela Lloyd ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
W. W. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Angular Resolution ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
High Angular Resolution ◽  
Push Button ◽  
First Case ◽  
Diffraction Mode ◽  
Very High

Small angle electron scattering (SAES) has been used to study structural features of up to several thousand angstroms in polymers, as well as in metals. SAES may be done either in (a) long camera mode by switching off the objective lens current or in (b) selected area diffraction mode. In the first case very high camera lengths (up to 7Ø meters on JEOL 1Ø ØCX) and high angular resolution can be obtained, while in the second case smaller camera lengths (approximately up to 3.6 meters on JEOL 1Ø ØCX) and lower angular resolution is obtainable. We conducted our SAES studies on JEOL 1ØØCX which can be switched to either mode with a push button as a standard feature.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document