Analysis Of Tip Relief Profiles For Involute Spur Gears

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakab Molnar ◽  
Attila Csoban ◽  
Peter T. Zwierczyk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Gear Manufacturing ◽  
Gear Contact ◽  
Gear Rack ◽  
Gear Profile

The main goal of this research was to study the influence of involute spur gear tip relief on the contact stress at the engagement meshing point (the begining point of the line of contact A). Different predefined involute spur gears and modification parameters (amount and length of modification) were already available from previous studies (Schmidt 2019). In this study, both the drive and the driven gear has tip relief. The modification of the gear profile was achieved through the modification of the gear rack cutter’s profile. This way the profil modification of the gear profiles are generated during the gear generation (gear planning) process. The gears have been nitrided, so after the gear manufacturing process, the heat treatment did not defrom the modified gear profile. The gear modifications were generated in a CAD system, and the calculations were made with FEM. The results show that the tip relief influences the magnitude of the gear contact stress at the first meshig point. With the use of tip relief modification, the contact stress of the meshing gears can be reduced at the beginning of the meshing line.

Multiple Reprocessing of Gear Using Recycled Polypropylene

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
Nik Mizamzul Mehat ◽  
Amirul Aliff Jamaludin ◽  
Shahrul Kamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Gear Manufacturing ◽  
Multiple Processing ◽  
Satisfactory Quality

The reprocessing ability of recycled polypropylene (PP) has been investigated to evaluate the recycling feasibility in spur gear production. Up to 15 reprocessing cycles have been performed by injection moulding, and the effects on tensile properties including ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break have been studied. Results revealed that reprocessing ability of recycled PP spur gears could yield satisfactory quality as attractive as that corresponding to the virgin PP spur gear. The recycled PP gears resulted in more 10% variation in tensile properties during multiple processing. This effort might be a contribution to convince the industry to apply recycling of PP by means of multiple reprocessing in gear manufacturing.

Simplified Spur Gear Design

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Osakue
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Hertz Contact ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
The Difference

A simplified design method (SDM) for spur gears is presented. The Hertz contact stress and Lewis root bending stress capacity models for spur gears have been reformulated and formatted into simplified forms. A scheme is suggested for estimating the AGMA J-factor in Lewis root bending stress for spur gears from a single curve for both pinion and gear instead of the conventional two curves. A service load factor is introduced in gear design that accounts for different conventional rated load modifier factors. It represents a magnification factor for the rated load in a gear design problem. Two design examples are considered for applications of the stress capacity models. In Example 1, the Hertz contact stress of the SDM deviates from AGMA value by 1.95%. The variance in Example 2 between the contact stress of the SDM and FEM is 1.184% while that between SDM and AGMA is 0.09%. The root bending stress of AGMA and SDM for the pinion in Example 1 differs by 1.44% and that for the gear by 6.59%. The difference between the root bending stress of AGMA and SDM for pinion and gear in Example 2 is 0.18%. These examples suggest that the new simplified method gives results that compare very favorably with both AGMA and FEM solutions. The simplified method developed is recommended mainly for preliminary design when quick but reliable solutions are sought.

scholarly journals STRESS ON SPUR GEAR AND SIMULATION FOR MICRO HYBRID SYSTEMS BY ANSYS WORKBENCH

Wahana Fisika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Anisul Islam ◽  
Md. Mashrur Islam
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Spur gears are the most well-known kind of gears used in hybrid vehicle’s power transmission. They have straight teeth, and are mounted on parallel shafts. In some cases, many spur gears are utilized without a moment's delay to make huge rigging decreases. In this paper how stress creates on a spur equip under various conditions and conditions and reenactments of a rigging system (two spur gears) is assessed by Ansys workbench. For this static structural and dynamic analysis modeling is utilized. A couple of spurs equip tooth in real life is by and large subjected to two sorts of cyclic stress: contact stress and twisting stress including bowing fatigue. The two stresses may not accomplish their greatest esteems at a similar purpose of contact fatigue. These sorts of failure can be limited by analysis of the issue amid the outline organize and making appropriate tooth surface profile with legitimate assembling strategies.

CNC Routine for Manufacturing Spur Gear

2014 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 539-545
Author(s):  
Omar Monir Koura
Keyword(s):  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Part Program ◽  
Wire Cutting ◽  
Gear Profile ◽  
Special Cycle

Manufacturing of spur gears on CNC machining centers and CNC wire cutting is randomly used due to the difficulty in producing the perfect gear profile. The present paper faces this problem by developing a special cycle that can be used on both types of machines. A code for this cycles is designed to read the part program of any product and if detects the code nominated for this cycle (G77) which indicates that a gear needs to be cut, it develops the geometrical statements of the gear profile and the motion statements. It follows by writing the full code of the cycle. The validity of the designed model was verified on a CNC simulator.

Dynamic Analysis of High-Contact-Ratio Spur Gears With Asymmetric Teeth

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Karpat ◽  
S. Ekwaro-Osire
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Mesh Stiffness ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Gear Contact

In this research, a numerical technique is used to study the performance of high-contact-ratio (HCR) spur gears with asymmetric teeth. Asymmetric teeth have been shown to minimize dynamic loads and to increase the load carrying capacity. This is due to the fact that these teeth have a larger pressure angle on the drive side compared to the coast side. In literature, symmetric gear teeth with HCR have been shown to also yield low dynamic loads and high load capacities. HCR gears have these positive attributes because for gears in a mesh, the number of tooth pairs sharing the transmitted load alternates between two and three. In this study, the separate benefits of an HCR gear and asymmetric teeth are unified into a spur gear with asymmetric teeth. In this case, the effect of the gear contact ratio, addendum factor, mesh stiffness, pressure angles, and operation speeds on dynamic tooth loads are considered. The influences of these parameters on dynamic response are presented and discussed. A comparison between standard and non standard gear pairs in literature is also presented, with respect to dynamic tooth loads. Sample simulation results, which were obtained by using an in-house computer program, are discussed. The results obtained are shown to match well with some related analytical and experimental results in literature. It is further demonstrated that HCR spur gears with asymmetric teeth do provide a marked advantage compared to the conventional spur gears with symmetric teeth.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Spur Gear Using Composite Material

2021 ◽  
pp. 504-538
Author(s):  
Akshar Viruppan R R ◽  
Athiyaman S K ◽  
Deepak Kumar M ◽  
Gokul Ram D
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Manufacturing

Spur gears are the simplest and widely used in power transmission. In recent years it is required to operate machines at varying load and speed. Gear teeth normally fail when load is increased above certain limit. Therefore, it is required to explore alternate materials for gear manufacturing. Composite materials provide adequate strength with weight reduction and they have emerged as a better alternative for replacing metallic gears. Composites provide much improved mechanical properties such as better strength to weight ratio, more hardness, and hence less chances of failure. So, this work is concerned with replacing metallic gear with composite material to improve performance of machine and to have longer working life. Efforts have also been carried out for modeling using 3D modelling software called SOLIDWORKS and finite element analysis of gears using ANSYS. Composite gears have been manufactured by stir casting, which is economical method. Composite gears offer improved properties over steel alloys and these can be used as better alternative for replacing metallic gears.

Design of High Speed Gears, Low Load Gears for Minimizing Gear Whine Noise

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney Glover
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Gear Manufacturing ◽  
The Cost

The main purpose of the supercharger timing gears is to keep the rotors from contacting each other. They are often lightly loaded and designed for low noise. As timing gears, they have by definition a ratio of 1.0. Furthermore, the timing gears are presently spur gears due to the cost of assembling helical gears onto the rotor shafts without allowing timing errors between the rotors. The original timing gear designs were spur gears with contact ratios slightly above 2.0. A major NVH issue has been gear whine noise, because most applications are in luxury vehicles and are evaluated with the hood open and the engine at idle. In this operating condition, the background noise is very low and any tonal gear whine noise is audible. The first effort was to push the gear manufacturing quality to the limits of modern grinding capability. In order to further reduce gear whine noise, the designs have evolved to finer pitch gearing with a contact ratio over 3.0 to reduce transmission error. Micro-geometries were optimized for low transmission error (TE) at low load. OSU Gear Lab’s RMC and LDP became primary tools in optimizing the gear designs for minimum TE. An important factor when increasing the contact ratio is to not increase the sliding friction significantly to keep the fixed oil sump temperature from increasing too much and cause wear issues in operation. Typically, the new high contact ratio spur gear designs in production have reduced the gear whine levels by more than 6 dB and have had very few noise complaints.

An efficient spur gear shaping method based on homogenizing cutting area through variational circular feed rate

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (9) ◽  
pp. 1587-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqing Li ◽  
Lianhong Zhang ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Kaifeng Wang ◽  
Fucong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Shaping Process ◽  
Gear Profile ◽  
Gear Shaping

Gear shaping is a widely applied technology to produce spur gears. Generally, the pinion cutter and the gear workpiece rotate uniformly with a given gear ratio during the conventional gear shaping process, which can cause a large variation of the cutting area per stroke in cutting tooth spaces. It makes the cutting force less than the rated capacity of the gear shaper in most cutting strokes and thus reduces the process efficiency. To overcome such a shortage, a new spur gear shaping method is proposed in this article, in which the cutting area per stroke is homogenized to a target value through optimizing the circular feed rate. The new method can enhance process efficiency by keeping the cutting force equivalent to the rated capacity of the gear shaper. The specific algorithm includes a number of aspects: cutting area calculation, gear profile generation, cutting area analysis of conventional gear shaping, and cutting area homogenization. Additionally, the new spur gear shaping method is demonstrated and validated using a VERICUT simulation. From the simulation results, it is found that the process efficiency is improved up to 40% via the efficient gear shaping because of the reduced number of shaping strokes. Hence, the new spur gear shaping method is applicable for computer numerical control gear shapers to improve the process efficiency significantly without any additional hardware changes.

Effect of Contact Ratio on Spur Gear Dynamic Load With No Tooth Profile Modifications

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuen-Huei Liou ◽  
Hsiang Hsi Lin ◽  
F. B. Oswald ◽  
D. P. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Gear Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gear Contact ◽  
Center Distance ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents a computer simulation showing how the gear contact ratio affects the dynamic load on a spur gear transmission. The contact ratio can be affected by the tooth addendum, the pressure angle, the tooth size (diametral pitch), and the center distance. The analysis presented in this paper was performed by using the NASA gear dynamics code DANST. In the analysis, the contact ratio was varied over the range 1.20 to 2.40 by changing the length of the tooth addendum. In order to simplify the analysis, other parameters related to contact ratio were held constant. The contact ratio was found to have a significant influence on gear dynamics. Over a wide range of operating speeds, a contact ratio close to 2.0 minimized dynamic load. For low-contact-ratio gears (contact ratio less than two), increasing the contact ratio reduced gear dynamic load. For high-contact-ratio gears (contact ratio equal to or greater than 2.0), the selection of contact ratio should take into consideration the intended operating speeds. In general, high-contact-ratio gears minimized dynamic load better than low-contact-ratio gears.

Based on ANSYS Planetary Gear Ransmission Design Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 1218-1221
Author(s):  
Hao Min Huang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Planet Gear ◽  
Gear Contact ◽  
Transmission Gear

Conventional methods of design to be completed ordinary hydraulic transmission gear gearbox design, but for such a non-planet-rule entity, and the deformation of the planet-gear contact stress will have a great impact on the planet gear, it will be very difficult According to conventional design. In this paper, ANSYS software to the situation finite element analysis, the planetary gear to simulate modeling study.

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