scholarly journals The discursive construction of archival science: Conceptual foundations

NASKO ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Thiago Henrique Bragato Barros
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Archival Science ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
Late Works

This work outlines a theoretical background established in Archival Science based mainly on discourse analysis as a key discipline to understand which the differences are and points of conceptual commonality in the area. Uses the French Discourse Analysis as a principle with a theoretical and methodological framework to typify the archive as a discursive practice defined by their historical aspects of its institutional junctures. The study of discourse helps to understand how certain linguistic formations construct the discourse, concerned mainly with the context in which the text was produced. This analysis take place from manuals and treatises of Archival Science produced during the development of discipline and regarded as grounds for discipline. We analyzed the Manual of an Archival Arrangement and Description (vor Handleiding van het ordenen in bescheijven archieven) of Muller, Feith, and Fruin (Ed.1 1898). Another work considered is the Manual of Archive Administration Including the Problems of War Archives and Archive a Making (1 Ed. 1922) and some of late works of Sir Hillary Jenkinson and finally analyzed the work of Theodore R. Schellenberg some aspects of his vast bibliography. With this analyzes we established a radiography of the Archival Science basis.

scholarly journals Journalists on COVID-19 Journalism: Communication Ecology of Pandemic Reporting

2021 ◽  
pp. 000276422199281
Author(s):  
Mildred F. Perreault ◽  
Gregory P. Perreault
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Disaster Communication ◽  
Communication Ecology ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Trade Press

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, journalists have the challenging task of gathering and distributing accurate information. Journalists exist as a part of an ecology in which their work influences and is influenced by the environment that surrounds it. Using the framework of disaster communication ecology, this study explores the discursive construction of journalism during the COVID-19 crisis. To understand this process in the field of journalism, we unpacked discourses concerning the coronavirus pandemic collected from interviews with journalists during the pandemic and from the U.S. journalism trade press using the Discourses of Journalism Database. Through discourse analysis, we discovered that during COVID-19 journalists discursively placed themselves in a responsible but vulnerable position within the communication ecology—not solely as a result of the pandemic but also from environmental conditions that long preceded it. Journalists found their reporting difficult during the pandemic and sought to mitigate the forces challenging their work as they sought to reverse the flow of misinformation.

scholarly journals A Critical Discourse Analysis of Representations of Travellers in Public Policies in Ireland

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Claire Jane Snowdon ◽  
Leena Eklund Eklund Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Negative Stereotypes

In Ireland, negative stereotypes of the Traveller population have long been a part of society. The beliefs that surround this minority group may not be based in fact, yet negative views persist such that Travellers find themselves excluded from mainstream society. The language used in discourse plays a critical role in the way Travellers are represented. This study analyses the discourse in the public policy regarding Travellers in the National Traveller and Roma Inclusion Strategy (NTRIS) 2017–2021. This study performs a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the policy with the overall aims of showing signs of the power imbalance through the use of language and revealing the discourses used by elite actors to retain power and sustain existing social relations. The key findings show that Travellers are represented as a homogenous group that exists outside of society. They have no control over how their social identity is constructed. The results show that the constructions of negative stereotypes are intertextually linked to previous policies, and the current policy portrays them in the role of passive patients, not powerful actors. The discursive practice creates polarity between the “settled” population and the “Travellers”, who are implicitly blamed by the state for their disadvantages. Through the policy, the government disseminates expert knowledge, which legitimises the inequality and supports this objective “truth”. This dominant discourse, which manifests in wider social practice, can facilitate racism and social exclusion. This study highlights the need for Irish society to change the narrative to support an equitable representation of Travellers.

Rhetorical strategies of political parties and organized movements

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Nugus
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Political Language ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Republic

Research on the Australian monarchy—republican debate has considered arguments for and against the republic, the 1999 referendum and interpretations of the republic. Little attention has been paid to the debate’s discursive construction. Therefore, this article analyzes the rhetorical strategies with which political parties and organized movements sought to persuade the public to adopt their position in the debate in the 1990s. The article discerns and analyzes various rhetorical strategies in terms of the patterns in their use among these elites. In contrast to the cognitive bias of much research in political communication, the article accounts for the embeddedness of these strategies in their public political, national-cultural and popular democratic contexts. It shows that the use of such strategies is a function of the socio-political context of actors’ statuses as parties or movements. The article recommends combining deliberative democracy with discourse analysis to comprehend the dynamics of public political language.

The Legitimating Power of Discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-275
Author(s):  
Mustafa Menshawy
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Culturally Embedded

Abstract In this article, I examine a corpus of texts that address the 1973 war; these texts cover the period from 1981 to 2011, marking the beginning and end of Hosni Mubarak’s rule. Utilizing Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), I explore how Mubarak’s regime employed the war to legitimize its power and defend its policies by deploying longstanding culturally-embedded ‘macro themes’. These macro themes refer to the war as an overwhelming and undisputed ‘Egyptian victory’ and, more significantly, they portray Mubarak himself as ‘war personified/war personalized’. The analysis of linguistic and extra-linguistic features in al-Ahram newspaper (the mouthpiece of the state), among other media texts on the war, show how the discursive construction was made consistent, coherent and resonant in a managed context that characterized the political and media landscapes. Depending on unique access to those who produced, edited and even censored the texts under analysis, this method unravels a complex set of cultural messages and conventions about the war, and fills a lacuna in the literature by offering insight into the deliberate and well-coordinated process of shaping and reshaping a specific discourse for a specific purpose.

scholarly journals THE CRITIQUES AND IDEOLOGIES SHARED IN THE INAUGURATION SPEECH OF DONALD TRUMP (A STUDY OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imron Hizbullah ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq Al Makmun
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
Political Condition

<em>This paper investigates the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in studying the inauguration speech of Donald Trump at the Capitol Hill, Washington DC on January 20, 2017. The objective of the study is to uncover the hidden messages regarding ideologies shared and critiques appointed to Obama’s presidency. The paper uses the theory of CDA by Norman Fairclough by focusing on the three aspects of research which are (1) micro or linguistic analysis, (2) Mezzo or discursive analysis, and (3) macro or contextual analysis. The three dimensional model of CDA is aimed to uncover the ideologies shared and critiques appointed to based on linguistic features, socio-political aspect, and discursive practice. The American Dream is represented in seven issues risen which are (1) US economic condition during Obama’s presidency, (2) US political condition during Obama’s presidency, (3) US social condition during Obama’s presidency, (4) The concept of making America great again, (5) Anti-radical Muslim immigrants, (6) America First, and (7) Nationalism. The result of the study reveals that the speech brought some ideologies or thoughts shared to the audiences and might change the people’s perception on Obama’s two periods of presidency who is considered as failure.</em>

scholarly journals A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Framing of the Feminization of Forced Displacement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha DeBoer
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Global Feminism ◽  
Women And Girls

The Major Research Paper seeks to examine the discursive practices that frame the issue of the feminization of forced displacement and construct representations of forcibly displaced women. It will examine the discourse that constructs representations of forcibly displaced women, which has implications for their protection and treatment in society. Forcibly displaced women are victimized through the representational discourse in terms of how they are spoken about and their visual depictions (Johnson, 2011). Based on feminist theory, the conceptual framework of the gender binary, gender and cultural essentialism, representations of victims, the discourse of victimization, and global feminism will be applied to a critical discourse analysis of the UHCR Handbook for the Protection of Women and Girls. This paper argues that the linguistic constructs and discursive practice contribute to misrepresentations of forcibly displaced women.

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF IDEOLOGIES IN DONALD TRUMP’S POLITICAL SPEECHES ON NATIONAL SECURITY : A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rize Rahmi Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
National Security ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Ideological Discourse ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Ideological Structure

Although there were many studies of Political Discourse had been done in CDA approach, but still few studies concern withrelation of ideology and language in the discourse. This study aims to, 1) find the ideological discourse structureswhich are used to enhance ideology in political speeches delivered by Donald Trump and 2) reveal the ideologies found in the speeches of Donald Trump about National Security. The analysis in this study is based on Fairclough’s(1992 )framework of Critical Discourse Analysis which consists of three levels of analysis; textual, discursive practice and socio-cultural practice. Then, for textual analysis, the writer used one analytical tool that is the theory of Ideological Discourse Structure of the discourse by Van Dijk (2000). The results showed that Donald Trump used language tactfully to achieve his goal on politics. The conclusion obtained is that Donald Trump enhances fascist ideology in his speeches which can be seen through the ideological structure of discourse which is found in his political speech on National Security.

scholarly journals La construcción discursiva de la identidad andaluza y la reproducción de la memoria colectiva en la serie La respuesta está en la historia / The Discursive Construction of Andalusian Identity and Collective Memory Play in the Series the Answer Lies in History

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Fleissner
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Television Series ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the discoursive representation of andalusian collective identity and memory in the television series “La respuesta está en la historia”. I will reflect the theoretical approach of the social construction of identities and I will use the methodology of the critical discourse analysis to identify, classify and explore the basic discoursive strategies that are reproduced by the television series.RESUMENEl propósito general de este estudio es analizar la construcción discursiva de las representaciones de la identidad social y de la memoria colectiva de los andaluces en la serie “La respuesta está en la Historia”. Reflejando las explicaciones teóricas de la construcción de la identidad y los conceptos de la memoria colectiva, y usando la perspectiva teórico-metodológica del análisis crítico del discurso identifico, clasifico y exploro las principales estrategias discursivas usadas en el programa.

Othering as soft-power discursive practice: China Daily’s construction of Trump’s America in the 2016 presidential election

Politics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxin Pan ◽  
Benjamin Isakhan ◽  
Zim Nwokora
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Chinese Media ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
Power Construction ◽  
The Media

The relationship between Chinese soft power and Chinese media has been a focus of a growing body of literature. Challenging a resource-based conception of soft power and a transmission view of communication that inform much of the debate, this article adopts a discursive approach to soft power and media communication. It argues that their relationship is not just a matter of resource transmission, but one of discursive construction, which begs the questions of what mediated discursive practices are at play in soft power construction and how. Addressing these oft-neglected questions, we identify a typology of three soft-power discursive practices: charm offensive, Othering offensive, and defensive denial. Focusing on the little-understood practice of Othering offensive, we illustrate its presence in Chinese media through a critical discourse analysis of China Daily’s framing of Donald Trump and the United States, and argue that the Othering offensive in Chinese media that portrays Trump’s America as a dysfunctional and declining Other serves to construct a Chinese self as more responsible, dynamic, and attractive. Adding a missing discursive dimension to the study of soft power and the media, this study has both scholarly and practical implications for analysing a nation’s soft power strategy.

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