scholarly journals Interdisciplinariedad en la innovación social frente a la despoblación rural

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Diana E. Valero ◽  
Lucía López Marco
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rural Depopulation ◽  
Scientific Fields

<div data-canvas-width="537.7519333333333">This article explores interdisciplinarity in social innovation facing rural depopulation. For this purpose, we analyse the diversity of disciplines involved in the social innovation initiatives registered in the database of the SIMRA research project that are addressing demographic challenges. The results of this analysis show a significant level of integration of scientific knowledge in the social innovation facing depopulation, which evidences the need for interdisciplinarity in fighting depopulation and also its analysis, as well as the existing margin for more scientific fields to participate in this type of social innovation.</div>

Regional Disparities of the Social Innovation Potential in the Visegrad Countries: Causes and Consequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
György Kocziszky ◽  
Dóra Szendi
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Complex Character ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
The Social ◽  
Territorial Disparities ◽  
Active Contribution ◽  
Visegrád Countries

Abstract The international literature is paying significant and increasing attention to the analysis of the regions’ innovation potential, and its active contribution to economic growth and competitiveness. Beside the classical, technical innovation, also the social innovation is getting even more emphasis. It can solve as alternative basically in the case of the peripheral territories. The convergence of peripheries is a stressed priority in the European Union. The territorial disparities are resulting in significant social and political problems also in the case of the Visegrad countries’ regions. The authors in their research represent a possible method for the measurement of regional (NUTS-2) level social innovation potential on the example of the Visegrad countries, and they also analyse the causes and consequences of disparities. The applied complex social innovation index can be calculated as a result of three pillars (economic, social, culture and attitude), and several components. As a result of the created patterns can be concluded that compared to the economic indicators, the disadvantage of the peripheries is not so significant in the case of the social innovation index, because of the complex character of the index. In the second part of the research, the authors analyse and evaluate also the methods, which can be adequate for increasing the social innovation potential.

Cases of social innovations implemented in the public health sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1600-1621
Author(s):  
E.V. Molchanova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Subject. The article discusses medical and demographic processes in Russia and Finland. Objectives. I evaluate cases of social innovations implemented for the preservation and strengthening of public health in Finland under the auspices of The Global Burden of Disease Study. Methods. Methodologically, the study relies upon the ideology of the GDB Project, which rests on the DALY (the Disability Adjusted Life Year). Results. I analyzed the morbidity and mortality rates, DALY in Russia and Finland, determined what mainly triggers the risk (environmental, behavioral, metabolic) fueling some public health degradation. The article provides the insight into the efficiency of some social innovations implemented in Finland and suggests what should be done to outline medical and demographic programs in Russia. Conclusions and Relevance. The medical and demographic situation in Russia requires new tools to find innovative solutions for the social policy and, inter alia, the use of the GBD technique, which proved to be effective. Referring to evidence from Finland, demographic challenges in Russian can be handled through a systems approach, i.e. socio-economic actions, improvement of the healthcare and social security, wellness propaganda.

scholarly journals Black and white or shades of grey: Religious approaches and Muslim marital conflict

2021 ◽  
pp. 003776862110205
Author(s):  
Sarah Shah
Keyword(s):  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Social

While the diversity of diasporic Muslim public experiences has been examined, the social contours of religious approach have received less attention. Moreover, the ways in which religion shapes marital relations remains understudied. This article, which features data from a larger research project, highlights two divergent trends in Muslim approaches to religion: exclusivity, which frames only one approach to Islam as correct, and inclusivity, which frames multiple approaches as correct. This divergence plays a role in shaping definitions of ‘good Muslim’, as exclusivist Muslims focus on ritual acts (outward observance), while inclusivist Muslims prioritize good manners (inward observance). The author demonstrates how these inward and outward definitions of Muslimness in turn inform how participants evaluate their spouses’ religiosity and, thus, the potential for conflict over religiosity with their spouses.

scholarly journals Does Respect Foster Tolerance? (Re)analyzing and Synthesizing Data From a Large Research Project Using Meta-Analytic Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110244
Author(s):  
Steffen Zitzmann ◽  
Lukas Loreth ◽  
Klaus Michael Reininger ◽  
Bernd Simon
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
High Status ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Large Research ◽  
Existing Data

Our own prior research has demonstrated that respect for disapproved others predicts and might foster tolerance toward them. This means that without giving up their disapproval of others’ way of life, people can tolerate others when they respect them as equals (outgroup respect–tolerance hypothesis). Still, there was considerable variation in the study features. Moreover, the studies are part of a larger research project that affords many additional tests of our hypothesis. To achieve integration along with a more robust understanding of the relation between respect and tolerance, we (re)analyzed all existing data from this project, and we synthesized the results with the help of meta-analytic techniques. The average standardized regression coefficient, which describes the relationship between respect and tolerance, was 0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.16, 0.34]). In addition to this overall confirmation of our hypothesis, the size of this coefficient varied with a number of variables. It was larger for numerical majorities than for minorities, smaller for high-status than for low-status groups, and larger for religious than for life-style groups. These findings should inspire further theory development and spur growth in the social-psychological literature on tolerance.

scholarly journals Being-with: Access to Relation, Participation, and Togetherness in Contemporary Art

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Valberg
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Relational Practices ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Specific Setting

Being-with is an artistically based research project aimed at applying and studying participatory and relational practices within the arts as well as addressing the esthetical and ethical questions that such practices generate. The participants in Being-with – researchers and artists as well as children, parents, grandparents, siblings and other residents in the small town of Høvåg in Norway – gathered weekly for half a year to experience how aesthetic production may interact with social space and vice versa. The article reflects on what consequences such interaction may have for the conception of art, and its arenas and agendas … when we consider art not only as a reflection of our lives, but also as an agent shaping our lives and changing the social surroundings we are part of. The article relates discourses of aesthetics penned by continental philosophers over the last 50 years to a specific setting in a Nordic contemporary art practice.

Openness to context‐based research: the gulf between the claims and actions of Big Six firms in the USA

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Gendron
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Multilateral Negotiations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Client Acceptance ◽  
Big Six ◽  
Client Acceptance Decision

This paper has been written following the refusal of US Big Six firms to participate in a context‐based research project on the new‐client‐acceptance decision, in spite of their claims that current audit research is too far removed from the realities of practice. The paper aims to problematise the firms’ refusal, arguing that it exemplifies efforts at policing the development of academic knowledge on the part of gatekeepers who strive to make researchers work on technicalities, thereby mitigating the risk that research may tarnish the profession’s legitimacy. Insights into the social construction of the gatekeepers’ efforts at policing knowledge are provided by the multilateral negotiations with the firms, showing initial differences in gatekeepers’ boundaries of acceptable research, and subsequent between‐firm discussions that resulted in the firms’ joint decision to refuse participation.

scholarly journals Animal Models in Pharmacology: A Brief History Awarding the Nobel Prizes for Physiology or Medicine

Pharmacology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Catarina V. Jota Baptista ◽  
Ana I. Faustino-Rocha ◽  
Paula A. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Scientific Area ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Fields

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine (NPPM) has recognized the work of 222 scientists from different nationalities, from 1901 until 2020. From the total, 186 award researchers used animal models in their projects, and 21 were attributed to scientists and projects directly related to Pharmacology. In the most recent years, genetics is a dominant scientific area, while at the beginning of the 20th century, most of the studies were more related to anatomy, cytology, and physiology. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Mammalian models were used in 144 NPPM projects, being rodents the most used group of species. Moreover, 92 researchers included domestic species in their work. The criteria used to choose the species, the number of animals used and the experimental protocol is always debatable and dependent on the scientific area of the study; however, the 3R’s principle can be applied to most scientific fields. Independently of the species, the animal model can be classified in different types and criteria, depending on their ecology, genetics, and mode of action. <b><i>Key-Messages:</i></b> The use of animal models in NPPM awarded projects, namely in Pharmacology, illustrates their importance, need and benefit to improve scientific knowledge and create solutions. In the future, with the contribute of technology, it might be possible to refine the use of animal models in pharmacology studies.

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