scholarly journals Misoginia e exaltação da mulher em obras literárias clássicas da Coroa de Aragão

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Armando Alexandre Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Female Role ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
Female Condition ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Uniform Manner ◽  
To Receive

Resumo: O processo de valorização da condição feminina, que apresentava um progresso discreto, mas promissor na primeira metade do século XIII, retrocedeu nos séculos seguintes de modo não linear nem uniforme. Ao mesmo tempo que o chamado “amour courtois” se manifestava nos estratos superiores da sociedade e as mulheres, idealizadas, começavam a receber um tratamento menos brutal do que em outros tempos mais antigos, também se desenvolveu, a nível teórico e psicológico, uma mentalidade de desprezo e condenação da mulher. Duas obras literárias clássicas da Coroa de Aragão XV dão um exemplo muito claro dessa duplicidade contraditória. Em Lo Somni (1399), um capítulo é clara e agressivamente misógino, enquanto mulheres exemplares são celebradas e glorificadas em outro capítulo. Em Curial e Güelfa (c. 1448), o protagonismo feminino é notório, mas várias passagens são extremamente críticas em relação às mulheres, bordejando a misoginia.  Palavras-chave: Condição feminina, misoginia, literatura catalã, Lo Somni, Curial e GüelfaAbstract: The process of valorization of the feminine condition, that presented a discreet and promising progress in the first half of the 13th century, regressed in the following centuries in a non-linear and uniform manner. At the same time that the so-called “amour courtois” developed in the upper strata of society and idealized women began to receive less brutal treatment than in earlier times, a mentality also developed, on a theoretical and psychological level, of contempt and condemnation of women. Two classic literary works of the Crown of Aragon give a very clear example of this contradictory duplicity. In “Lo Somni” (1399), one chapter is clearly and aggressively misogynistic, while exemplary women are celebrated and glorified in the other chapter. In “Curial e Gelfa” (c. 1448), the female role is notorious, but several passages are extremely critical of women, bordering on misogyny. Keywords: female condition, misogyny, catalan literature, The Dream, Curial and Guelfa

A STUDY OF THEMES AND AESTHETICS IN ELUCIDATING LOVE AS A THEME IN DANTE ALIGHIERI'S VITA NUOVA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Vidita Sachdeva
Keyword(s):  
Divine Comedy ◽  
The Other ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
Vita Nuova ◽  
The Divine Comedy ◽  
Political Thinker ◽  
Modern Era

Dante was an Italian poet, prose writer, literary theorist, moral st philosopher and political thinker. He was born on May 21 and he is best known for his monumental epic poem; La Divina Comedia (The Divine Comedy). Although the Divine Comedy is very well-known literary piece, this often overlooks the other works he has done as well. He is seen as the father of modern Italian, and his works have ourished even after his death in 1321. How did Dante's Vita Nuova change the perception of romance and love in the time of the 13th century; furthermore, how did it change the belief of people view literary works of romance in the modern era?

Levinas, Feminism, and Temporality

2019 ◽  
pp. 730-748
Author(s):  
Cynthia Coe
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Ethical Relation ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Instrumental Role ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter analyzes Levinas’s references to the feminine and the maternal through their connection to his treatment of time. Totality and Infinity provides a progressive narrative in which subjects are confronted with their responsibility to the other, and the feminine plays an instrumental role within that narrative. By contrast, Otherwise than Being discusses maternity in an anti-teleological, non-linear register. The maternal body is not the precursor to the ethical relation but an experience of ethical exposure, and one that confounds chronological representation. The concept of the maternal in Levinas’s later work thus more radically challenges the ideal of the “virile” subject, in ways that are congruent with feminist critiques, despite the fact that Levinas himself does not develop those possibilities.

Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2009: Sources and Roots

2009 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
G. Rapoport ◽  
A. Guerts
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Production Output ◽  
The One ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Partial Destruction

In the article the global crisis of 2008-2009 is considered as superposition of a few regional crises that occurred simultaneously but for different reasons. However, they have something in common: developed countries tend to maintain a strong level of social security without increasing the real production output. On the one hand, this policy has resulted in trade deficit and partial destruction of market mechanisms. On the other hand, it has clashed with the desire of several oil and gas exporting countries to receive an exclusive price for their energy resources.

Comparative Analysis of Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar’s Travels to European Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Aysel KAMAL ◽  
Sinem ATIS
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Young Lady ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
The West ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Turkish Literature ◽  
Art And Architecture

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar (1901-1962) is one of the most controversial authors in the 20th century Turkish literature. Literature critics find it difficult to place him in a school of literature and thought. There are many reasons that they have caused Tanpinar to give the impression of ambiguity in his thoughts through his literary works. One of them is that he is always open to (even admires) the "other" thought to a certain age, and he considers synthesis thinking at later ages. Tanpinar states in the letter that he wrote to a young lady from Antalya that he composed the foundations of his first period aesthetics due to the contributions from western (French) writers. The influence of the western writers on him has also inspired his interest in the materialist culture of the West. In 1953 and 1959 he organized two tours to Europe in order to see places where Western thought and culture were produced. He shared his impressions that he gained in European countries in his literary works. In the literary works of Tanpinar, Europe comes out as an aesthetic object. The most dominant facts of this aesthetic are music, painting, etc. In this work, in the writings of Tanpinar about the countries that he travelled in Europe, some factors were detected like European culture, lifestyle, socio-cultural relations, art and architecture, political and social history and so on. And the effects of European countries were compared with Tanpinar’s thought and aesthetics. Keywords: Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar, Europe, poetry, music, painting, culture, life

Elementy poetyki ludowej w powieści Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia T. Bołdak-Janowskiej

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-197
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Goral
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The One ◽  
Cultural Features

The aim of the article is to analyse the elements of folk poetics in the novel Pleasant things. Utopia by T. Bołdak-Janowska. The category of folklore is understood in a rather narrow way, and at the same time it is most often used in critical and literary works as meaning a set of cultural features (customs and rituals, beliefs and rituals, symbols, beliefs and stereotypes) whose carrier is the rural folk. The analysis covers such elements of the work as place, plot, heroes, folk system of values, folk rituals, customs, and symbols. The description is conducted based on the analysis of source material as well as selected works in the field of literary text analysis and ethnolinguistics. The analysis shows that folk poetics was creatively associated with the elements of fairy tales and fantasy in the studied work, and its role consists of – on the one hand – presenting the folk world represented and – on the other – presenting a message about the meaning of human existence.

VP39 The Alphabet Lottery? How NICE Outcomes Vary By Appraisal Committee

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
Richard Macaulay ◽  
Lok Wan Liu ◽  
Cornelia Roibu ◽  
Andrea Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Appraisal Committee ◽  
Technology Appraisal ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
C 50 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Disciplinary Group ◽  
53 C 55

IntroductionNICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) makes recommendations on the public reimbursement of medicines based on their clinical- and cost-effectiveness. The recommendation is made by an Appraisal Committee (comprising a multi-disciplinary group of independent experts) as part of a technology appraisal. There are four Appraisal Committees (A,B,C,D); this research investigates whether appraisal outcomes vary by committee.MethodsAll publicly-available Final Appraisal Determinations from NICE Single Technology Appraisals (STA) were screened (01/10/2009-14/11/2018) and key data were extracted. Homogeneity in rates of acceptance or rejection across the committees was assessed using Chi-squared tests.ResultsThe Appraisal Committee was identified for 298 technologies, 56% (168/298) of which were ‘recommended’. The number of technologies assessed by each committee was similar (A:79, B:62, C:91, D:66). However, STAs conducted by Committee D were significantly less likely to receive ‘recommended’ outcomes (A:68% [54/79], B:65% [40/62], C:53% [48/91], D:39% [26/66]; p < 0.01). STAs for oncology indications had higher ’not recommended’ outcomes than those for non-oncology indications (25% vs. 9%). The lower ‘recommendation’ rates for committee D persisted across oncology (A:60%, B:83%, C:50%, D:38%; p = 0.01) and non-oncology indications (A:73%, B:53%, C:55%, D:40%; p < 0.01). However, STAs conducted by Committee D were significantly more likely to receive ‘optimized’ recommendations (A:16%, B:21%, C:33%, D: 36%; p < 0.01) and when considering the rates of ‘recommended’ and ‘optimized’ outcomes compared to ‘only in research’ and ‘not recommended’ outcomes, no significant differences were found (A:85%, B: 85%, C:86%, D:76%; p = 0.27).ConclusionsSTAs undertaken by NICE Appraisal Committee D was associated with a significantly lower rate of ‘recommended’ outcomes but tended to an ‘optimized’ recommendation significantly more than the other committees. Further research is needed to determine if this reflects any deviation in uniform implementation of NICE methodology between Committees.

The Absence and Influence of Genesis 48 (the Blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh) in the Book of Jubilees

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-273
Author(s):  
Pauline P. Buisch
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Literary Influence ◽  
To Receive

While scholars have acknowledged the literary dependence of Jubilees 31 (the blessing of Levi and Judah) on Genesis 48 (the blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh), little work has been done to understand the purpose of this intentional intertextuality. This article examines the literary influence of Genesis 48, the effect of its absence, and the altered roles of Levi, Judah, and Joseph in Jubilees in order to determine why the author made the literary decision to pattern one scene of blessing after the other. This article suggests that the author's decision to omit Genesis 48 and to present not one but two similar scenes of blessing in its place is part of a larger strategy to negotiate the interpretive problem of the prominent status given to Joseph's sons in Genesis 48. By replacing Ephraim and Manasseh with Levi and Judah, but allowing Joseph to receive the double portion of land, the author of Jubilees reflects an interpretive tradition, also found in the Targums, Genesis Rabbah, and the Testaments of the Patriarchs, that understands the inheritance of Jacob to be threefold and distributed three ways—the birthright to Joseph, the priesthood to Levi, and the kingship to Judah.

Measurement of Wiener kernels

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Yoshifusa Ito
Keyword(s):  
Differential Operator ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Linear Systems ◽  
Main Part ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Functionals ◽  
Wiener Kernels ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Linear Systems

Since the late 1960s Wiener's theory on the non-linear functionals of white noise has been widely applied to the construction of mathematical models of non-linear systems, especially in the field of biology. For such applications the main part is the measurement of Wiener's kernels, for which two methods have been proposed: one by Wiener himself and the other by Lee and Schetzen. The aim of this paper is to show that there is another method based on Hida's differential operator.

The Ismaili Tradition in Iran: 13th Century to the Present

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Beben
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
To Receive

The Ismailis are a minority community of Shiʿi Muslims that first emerged in the 8th century. Iran has hosted one of the largest Ismaili communities since the earliest years of the movement and from 1095 to 1841 it served as the home of the Nizārī Ismaili imams. In 1256 the Ismaili headquarters at the fortress of Alamūt in northern Iran was captured by the Mongols and the Imam Rukn al-Dīn Khūrshāh was arrested and executed, opening a perilous new chapter in the history of the Ismailis in Iran. Generations of observers believed that the Ismailis had perished entirely in the course of the Mongol conquests. Beginning in the 19th century, research on the Ismailis began to slowly reveal the myriad ways in which they survived and even flourished in Iran and elsewhere into the post-Mongol era. However, scholarship on the Iranian Ismailis down to the early 20th century remained almost entirely dependent on non-Ismaili sources that were generally quite hostile toward their subject. The discovery of many previously unknown Ismaili texts beginning in the early 20th century offered prospects for a richer and more complete understanding of the tradition’s historical development. Yet despite this, the Ismaili tradition in the post-Mongol era continues to receive only a fraction of the scholarly attention given to earlier periods, and a number of sources produced by Ismaili communities in this period remain unexplored, offering valuable opportunities for future research.

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