scholarly journals Laicidad, religión y política pública en México: El reacomodo de la relación con el presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador | Secularism, religion and public policy in Mexico: The rearrangement of the relationship with President Andrés Manuel López Obrador

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
David Martínez Mendizábal ◽  
Fabrizio Lorusso
2020 ◽  
pp. 108-131
Author(s):  
Paulina Orellana

Este artículo analiza cómo se construyen sujetos por parte del Estado en torno a la institucionalización de políticas de género en un contexto neoliberal, sustentada en mi investigación de maestría “La paradoja entre los discursos de igualdad y las prácticas desiguales. La construcción de sujetos en torno al género en Chile: El caso del Servicio Nacional de la Mujer”. Se hace revisión a los condicionamientos estructurales del neoliberalismo y las relaciones entre Estado y política pública en el contexto de institucionalización de las demandas del movimiento feminista “Concertación Nacional de Mujeres por la Democracia”[1] en la creación del Servicio Nacional de la Mujer en 1991. [1] A lo largo del texto se utilizará la sigla “CNMD”. This article analyzes how is the State’s subject construction on gender policies institutionalization on a neoliberal context. It’s based on my master's thesis research called “The paradox between equality discourses and unequal practices. Subject’s construction around gender in Chile: The case of the National Women's Service”. It reviews neoliberalism structural conditionings, the relationship between State and public policy on the context of institutionalization of feminist movement “Women`s National Concentration for Democracy” demands on the creation of the National Women's Service on 1991.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Acácia Barros Fernandes Dutra ◽  
Marta Maria Castanho Almeida Pernambuco

O artigo ora exposto é fruto de uma pesquisa de mestrado concluída em 2018 e que teve como objetivo refletir acerca da educação do campo e suas interfaces; privilegiou-se observar a relação existente entre o debate de uma educação que respeita a particularidade dos povos do campo e as práticas educativas executadas historicamente pelos movimentos sociais populares do campo, práticas essas, que ao nosso ver nascem na década de 1960 atrelada a perspectiva da educação popular, vindo ao decorrer dos anos reverberar em ações e políticas públicas a exemplo do Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária/ Pronera, que ganhou nas últimas décadas status de política pública, completando vinte anos de existência em 2018. Neste entendimento, perceber a relação da educação do campo e da educação popular, da construção do Pronera enquanto projeto coletivo historicamente calcado no seio dos movimentos sociais, bem como o que diferenciam as práticas educativas na perspectiva do Pronera daquelas tradicionais é de suma importância em tempos de exceção.Palavras-chaves: Educação do campo; Educação Popular; Movimentos Sociais; Pronera. ABSTRACT: The article presented here is the result of a master 's study completed in 2018 and aimed to reflect on the countryside education and its interfaces; it was necessary to observe the relation between the debate of an education that respects the particularity of the rural people and the educational practices historically carried out by the popular social movements of the countryside, which we believe were born in the 1960s, linked to the perspective of popular education, over the years reverberate in actions and public policies such as the National Program for Education in Agrarian Reform, which has gained public policy status in the last decades, completing twenty years of existence in 2018. In this understanding, perceive the relationship of education of the countryside and popular education, the construction of the Pronera as a collective project historically based on social movements, as well as what differentiates educational practices from the Pronera perspective of those traditions is of paramount importance in times of exception.Keywords: Countryside education; Popular education; Social movements; Pronera.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Rafael De Figueiredo Lopes ◽  
Wilson De Souza Nogueira

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o Cinema no Amazonas, apresentando aspectos da produção audiovisual desde o início do século XX à contemporaneidade, dando ênfase a produção de cineastas locais. Propomos a configuração de um “ecossistema comunicacional” a partir da relação entre contexto histórico, artistas, meio ambiente, políticas públicas, estéticas e ideologias. A abordagem teórico-metodológica parte da ideia de sociologia das ausências e emergências, de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, em diálogo com autores amazônicos, como João de Jesus Paes Loureiro, e de teóricos da cultura e do audiovisual. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizado um estudo de campo para mapear a situação do setor audiovisual regional. Percebe-se que, por diversos fatores ao longo da história, o cinema amazonense é um segmento que se mantém praticamente imperceptível ou ignorado, pois além de estar apartado do sistema industrial de produção, distribuição e exibição, ainda não conquistou o reconhecimento do público regional.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ecossistemas comunicacionais; Sociologia das emergências; cinema no Amazonas; Imaginário.     ABSTRACT This paper proposes a reflection on the Cinema in the Amazon, presenting aspects of audiovisual production since the beginning of the twentieth century to the contemporary, emphasizing the production of local filmmakers. We propose setting up a “communication ecosystem” from the relationship between historical context, artists, environment, public policy, aesthetics and ideologies. The theoretical and methodological approach of the idea of ​​sociology of absences and emergencies, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, in dialogue with Amazonian authors like Paes Loureiro, and theorists of culture and audiovisual. In addition to the literature search was conducted a field study to map the situation of the regional audiovisual sector. It is perceived that by various factors throughout history, the Amazonas film is a segment that remains almost invisible or ignored, as well as being separated from the industrial system of production, distribution and exhibition, has not won the recognition of the regional public.   KEY WORDS: Communicational ecosystems; Sociology of emergencies; Cinema in Amazon; Imaginary.     RESUMEN El artículo propone una reflexión sobre el cine en la Amazonía, la presentación de los aspectos de la producción audiovisual desde principios del siglo XX a lo contemporáneo, con énfasis en la producción de realizadores locales. Se propone la creación de un “ecosistema de comunicación” de la relación entre el contexto histórico, los artistas, el medio ambiente, la política pública, la estética y las ideologías. El enfoque teórico y metodológico parte de la idea de la sociología de las ausencias y emergencias de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, en diálogo con autores de la Amazonía, como Juan de Jesus Paes Loureiro, y los teóricos de la cultura y audiovisual. Además de la búsqueda bibliográfica se llevó a cabo un estudio de campo para mapear la situación del sector audiovisual regional. Se dio cuenta de que, por diversos factores a lo largo de historia, la película en Amazonas es un segmento que permanece casi invisible o ignorada, además de estar separada del sistema industrial de producción, distribución y exhibición, no ha ganado el reconocimiento del público regional.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Ecosistemas comunicacionales; Sociología de las emergencias; Películas em Amazonas; Imaginario.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Claudia Espinosa Díaz ◽  
Daniel Vázquez Valencia

Hay tres procesos políticos que interactúan en algunos países de América Latina: el giro a la izquierda, la generación de movimientos constituyentes impulsados por dichos gobiernos, y un cada vez más relevante papel de los derechos humanos (DH) en la formulación de política pública (PP). Daremos cuenta de la convergencia de estos procesos situándonos en el último: la PP con perspectiva de DH (PPDH). La constitucionalización de los derechos humanos es un tema extensamente trabajado; sin embargo, la vinculación de este con la política pública es un ámbito de análisis relativamente nuevo, aunque fundamental para entender las brechas entre el cumplimiento y el ejercicio de los derechos humanos. Nos preguntamos: ¿cuál es la relación entre las constituciones emitidas por los gobiernos del giro a la izquierda y la formulación de PPDH? Se esperaría que el papel que tomaron los DH en las nuevas constituciones tuviera un impacto sostenido en la formulación de la PP;  no obstante, esto no es necesariamente así. Si bien hay interacción entre las constituciones y las PP, hay dos aspectos interesantes por subrayar: el proceso de resignificación, en el caso ecuatoriano, y la segunda vuelta institucional, en el caso venezolano. Public policies with a human rights perspective in the shift to the left. From rupture to the second round in Venezuela and Ecuador  Abstract  There are three processes that interact in certain countries in Latin America: the shift to the left, movements to develop new constitutions driven by left wing governments , and the increasingly relevant role played by human rights in the development of public policy. We will make evident these interactions by analyzing this last point: public policy with a human rights perspective (PPHR). The inclusion of human rights in constitutions is something that has been thoroughly analyzed; yet the link of this inclusion with pubic policy is an area that is relatively new despite it being key in understanding the gaps between the fulfillment and enjoyment of human rights. We ask: what is the relationship between constitutions issued by left wing governments and the development of PPHR? One would expect that the role played by human rights in new constitutions would have a sustained impact in the development of PP. This is not necessarily the case: although there is interaction between constitutions and PP, there are two interesting aspects to highlight: the rebranding in the case of Ecuador and the second round in the case of Venezuela.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Nogueira Menezes Mourão ◽  
Mariana E Almeida ◽  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral

Title in Portuguese: Seguro-desemprego e formalidade no mercado de trabalho brasileiroAbstract: This paper analyzes the relationship between unemployment benefits and formal employment in the Brazilian labor market. The central hypothesis is that these policies have a negative impact on the incidence of formal employment, after receiving the benefits. The databases used are the 1999–2009 Brazilian household surveys (PNAD). Logistic regression models were estimated, in order to evaluate the effect of unemployment benefits on the Brazilian labor market. The dependent variable indicates the occurrence of formal employment for workers. In addition to a set of independent variables (survey year, region of residence, census area, sex, race, age and education), the models include a public policy evaluation variable (unemployment benefits), as well as variables to analyze the trend of this public policy over time. After receiving unemployment benefits, the incidence of formal employment among workers decreases by 42%. The analysis of interactive terms indicates that increases in the real values of the benefits, held since 1999, have not caused significant effects on the dependent variable.Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a relação entre seguro-desemprego e emprego formal no mercado de trabalho brasileiro. A hipótese central é de que o recebimento deste benefício tem efeito negativo sobre a formalidade do trabalho no período posterior ao seu recebimento. São usados dados da PNAD (1999-2009). Para avaliar o efeito do seguro-desemprego sobre o mercado de trabalho brasileiro, foram estimados modelos de regressão logística. A variável dependente indica a formalidade no trabalho principal. Além de uma série de variáveis independentes (ano da pesquisa, região de residência, situação censitária, sexo, raça, idade e escolaridade), os modelos contêm uma variável de avaliação de política pública (seguro-desemprego) e variáveis para analisar a tendência desta política pública no decorrer do tempo. O recebimento do benefício do seguro-desemprego apresenta efeito negativo de 42% sobre a formalidade no trabalho principal no momento posterior ao recebimento do benefício. A análise dos termos interativos permite indicar que reajustes dos valores do benefício, realizados desde 1999, não causaram efeitos relevantes na formalização do trabalho.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwiyanto Indiahono ◽  
Erwan Purwanto ◽  
Agus Pramusinto

This research aims to examine differences in the relationship of bureaucratic and political officials during the New Order (Soeharto’s era) and the Reformation (post-Soeharto) era within the arena of public policy implementation. This is a matter of importance given that there is a change in relations between the two from integration in the New Order to bureaucratic impartiality in the Reformation Era. This study attempts to answer the question: How were the relations of bureaucratic and political officials in the implementation of local level public policy during the New Order and the Reformation Era? A qualitative research has been conducted in Tegal Municipality using the following data collection techniques: interview, focus group discussion, documentation, and observation. Tegal Municipality was selected as the study location because of the unique relationship shown between the mayor and the bureaucracy. Its uniqueness lies in the emergence of bureaucratic officials who dare to oppose political officials, based on their convictions that bureaucratic/public values should be maintained even if it means having to be in direct conflict with political officials. This research indicates that the relationship between bureaucratic and political officials in the arena of local level policy implementation during the New Order was characterized as being full of pressure and compliance, whereas during the Reformation Era bureaucrats have the audacity to hinder policy implementation. Such audacity to thwart policies is considered to have developed from a stance that aims to protect public budget and values in policies. The occurring conflict of values here demonstrates a dichotomy of political and bureaucratic officials that is different from the prevailing definition of politics-administration dichotomy introduced at the onset of Public Administration studies.


Author(s):  
Katherine Eva Maich ◽  
Jamie K. McCallum ◽  
Ari Grant-Sasson

This chapter explores the relationship between hours of work and unemployment. When it comes to time spent working in the United States at present, two problems immediately come to light. First, an asymmetrical distribution of working time persists, with some people overworked and others underemployed. Second, hours are increasingly unstable; precarious on-call work scheduling and gig economy–style employment relationships are the canaries in the coal mine of a labor market that produces fewer and fewer stable jobs. It is possible that some kind of shorter hours movement, especially one that places an emphasis on young workers, has the potential to address these problems. Some policies and processes are already in place to transition into a shorter hours economy right now even if those possibilities are mediated by an anti-worker political administration.


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