The Danes and the Danish Language in England: An Anthroponymical Point of View

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Fellows-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
The North ◽  
Influence Spread ◽  
Viking Period

Evidence is provided by place names and personal names of Nordic origin for Danish settlement in England and Scotland in the Viking period and later. The names show that Danish settlement was densest in Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Leicestershire but can also be traced outside the Danelaw. In the North, Danish settlers or their descendants moved across the Pennines to the Carlisle Plain, and from there along the coast of Cumberland and on across the sea to the Isle of Man, and perhaps back again to southern Lancashire and Cheshire before the middle of the tenth century. There,was also a spread of Danes around south-western England in the early eleventh century, reflecting the activities of Cnut the Great and his followers. After the Norman Conquest, Nordic influence spread into Dumfriesshire and the Central Lowlands of Scotland. It was in the more isolated, northern communities that Nordic linguistic influence continued to thrive.

Scandinavian Settlement in the North and West of the British Isles—an Archaeological Point-of-View

1976 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 95-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
The North ◽  
Infinite Variety ◽  
Firm Evidence

THE Scandinavians came to Britain first as raiders, then as settlers. The length of the periods of raiding, the form of raids, the character and duration of settlement and the speed with which Scandinavian influence was lost, varied considerably in the different regions. In simple terms the Viking Age lasted from 790 to 1070, but within and beyond these dates is infinite variety. In England the first settlements are not recorded before 876, eighty years or more after the first raids; in Scotland, however, there is fairly firm evidence of settlement in the first half of the ninth century, while in some parts of Scotland settlement may not even have been preceded by raids. It is clear too that Guthrum's conquests are of an entirely different character to those of Knut the Great. Guthrum was a petty chief. Knut a great ruler, was accepted as such by his royal contemporaries and his power achieved imperial proportions. In Ireland, where they settled in very limited areas, the Scandinavians lost most of their political power in the late tenth century. Their commercial importance there, however, grew by leaps and bounds, but even in this role they lost all semblance of influence after the Norman conquest of Ireland of 1169. Norse power was broken in western Scotland after the battle of Largs in 1263 (although Norse earls held sway in the Isles until 1331). The Isle of Man was transferred to the Scottish crown in 1266, while Orkney and Shetland remained Norwegian until the impignorations of 1468 and 1469.

Die „deutsche Spur“ in der altrussischen Erzählung über die Einnahme Konstantinopels durch die Kreuzritter

2016 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Maiorov ◽  
Evgenij N. Metelkin
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
The Future ◽  
Close Relationship

AbstractOld Rus’ literature and art reflected the capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders, in particular, in the Tale on the taking of Tsargrad by the Crusaders.The most likely author of this work, the oldest version of which has survived as part of the Older Version of the First Novgorod Chronicle, is the Novgorod Boyar Dobrynya Yadreykovich (later Archbishop Anthony). A close associate of the Galician-Volhynian prince RomanMstislavich, Dobrynya spent several years in Constantinople on his behalf and witnessed the devastation of the Byzantine capital by the Latins in April 1204. The close relationship with the Galician-Volhynian prince explains why Dobrynya paid attention to the prince’s brother-in-law - the German king Philip of Swabia - and his role in organizing the Fourth Crusade.The author of the Tale expressed the „Ibellin“ point of view, i.e. he attempted to take off the German king the responsibility for the devastation of Constantinople. He was familiar with the details of the escape of Prince Alexios (the future emperor Alexios IV) from the Byzantine capital to King Philip and used characteristic German vocabulary (place names and personal names). All this suggests that the Russian scribe used informations from a well-informed German source. Dobrynya’s informer could be one of King Philip’s supporters, Bishop of Halberstadt Konrad von Krosigk, who participated in the siege of Constantinople in 1203-1204.

scholarly journals Marijampolė County Place-Names Recorded during the Interwar Period: Initial Survey Results and Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
pp. 232-243
Author(s):  
Dalia Sviderskienė
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Authentic Material ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Lexical Resource ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Word Origin ◽  
Initial Survey

The aim of this article is to present research that has been consistently implemented for several years about the place-names recorded in the “Land Names” questionnaires in Marijampolė County during the interwar period, to discuss their initial findings and to provide for future work.The study is based on the material that was selected as being among the most valuable from a scientific point of view. The unique place-names of Marijampolė County were recorded in thirteen districts during the interwar period from the living language. This authentic material, untouched by external factors such as land melioration, collectivization, Russification, deportation, etc., has been little explored. According to the types of named objects, the database was divided into hydronyms, names of dwelling-places, and toponyms, and evaluated from the point of view of word formation and word origin. The research includes identifying the formation of separate classes and certain trends of origin, studying some classes of toponyms, and investigating the placenames of two districts (Marijampolė and Balbieriškis). The results are interesting, valuable, and relevant. They complement the existing multidimensional habitat list of research and make this almost unpublished lexical resource available to public and scientific society; they also highlight the uniqueness of the toponyms of this habitat and encourage studies of other regions. The research results of interwar material about hydronyms and other place-names derived from personal names in classes (subclasses) are of particular interest and value.The article demonstrates that the extant questionnaires and their authentic material are not only an important separate unit of the interwar legacy, but also a valuable source with recorded facts which have not been preserved in the current collections or significantly changed.The future aim is to collect a complete database of Marijampolė County’s place-names recorded during the interwar period. This will require studying the formation and origin of unstudied place-name units of separate classes (subclasses) and joining the available data with the newly collected. The results will be concretized, supplemented, revised and/or corrected. It is believed that the place-names recorded in this area during the interwar period could provide information about the traces of the onymic substratum of the extinct Baltic tribe of Jatvians.

scholarly journals Imiona słowiańskie z członami lubo-, -lub, miło-, -mił w toponimii Polski

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Halszka Górny ◽  
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
The North ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Line Analysis

The article is devoted to toponyms motivated by Slavic compound names with adjective elements: lubo-, -lub, miło-, -mił. This topic is part of the research project called “Names as the Basis of Polish Geographical Names”, carried out at the Institute of the Polish Language at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow. In a two-line analysis (on the antroponymic and toponymic level), enriched with cartographic illustrations, attention was focused on pointing out the chronology of personal names, productivity of the Slavic names in the process of nominating toponyms, and on highlighting the chronology, frequency, geography of oikonyms and their structural types. In over 60 place names created up to the end of the 16th century, and located mainly in Greater Poland, Silesia and Mazovia, 27 names with the above-mentioned elements were preserved. Among them are forms reconstructed from toponyms, such as: *Lubogost, *Lubomysł, *Lubowid, *Lubowit, *Nielub, *Miłobąd, *Miłodrog, *Miłorad, *Niemił. The younger layer of place names dated to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries or introduced officially after 1945 occur mainly in the north and west of Poland.

Cumbrian society and the Anglo-Norman church

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 119-135
Author(s):  
R. K. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Church Life ◽  
Anglo Norman ◽  
Time Part ◽  
Monastic Communities ◽  
No Man's Land

The twelfth century was a period of both political and ecclesiastical settlement in the north-west of England, when the conquerors were seeking to establish Anglo-Norman institutions in an area as much Celtic and Norse as Anglo-Saxon. The church was re-vitalised, monasticism re-established, and parish churches were built and re-built to an extent previously unknown. The response of Cumbrian’ society was favourable, but a ‘national’ flavour of the diverse elements making up that society was retained. When in 1092 William Rufus marched into the north-west, seized Carlisle, and drove out the ‘ruler’, Dolfin son of earl Gospatric of Dunbar, he was enacting the final phase of the Norman conquest of England. The border between England and Scotland was established, and this only deviated when David I brought the district back under Scottish control during the reign of Stephen. At one time part of the kingdom of Northumbria and then of the kingdom of Strathclyde, by the eleventh century the north-west had become a political no-man’s-land, the kings of England and Scotland each regarding it as belonging to his respective realm. Church life had been greatly eroded, and monastic communities, as in the rest of northern England, had totally disappeared, due as much to the unstable political situation over the previous two centuries as to the lack of any strong spiritual control. The region itself was in a depressed condition, depopulated and devastated by the invasions of king Edmund in 945, Ethelred in 1000, and most recently by early Gospatric in 1070.

Manuscripts containing English decoration 871–1066, catalogued and illustrated: a review

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 239-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Brownrigg
Keyword(s):  
High Standard ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The South ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Southern England ◽  
The North ◽  
Careful Preparation ◽  
Service Books

In the period from Alfred's reign to the Norman Conquest scribes and artists in southern England once more achieved a high standard in bookmaking, comparable to the brilliant tradition which had been established in both the north and the south in the eighth century. Some codices survive which are rough in execution, written on poorly prepared membrane by unskilled hands, but the majority – by no means chiefly service books produced for ecclesiastical and royal patrons – demonstrate that by the end of the tenth century a large number of scribes understood the techniques of careful preparation of membranes and inks, had mastered the letter-forms of two scripts, Caroline minuscule and Anglo-Saxon square minuscule, and were disciplined to follow consistently a hierarchy of scripts for the openings of texts and major divisions, chapter titles, incipits and explicits. What remains must be only a fragment of the production of Benedictine monks and nuns, secular clerks and lay scribes. But however incomplete and unbalanced the evidence, the over-all level of accomplishment cannot be doubted.

The Boggart Sourcebook

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Young
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Place Names ◽  
North West ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
The North ◽  
Selection Of

Comprising three parts, this book is a companion volume to The Boggart: Folklore, History, Place-Names and Dialect. Part one, ‘Boggart Ephemera’, is a selection of about 40,000 words of nineteenth-century boggart writing (particularly material that is difficult to find in libraries). Part two presents a catalogue of ‘Boggart Names’ (place-names and personal names, totalling over 10,000 words). Finally, part three contains the entire ‘Boggart Census’ – a compendium of ground-breaking grassroots research. This census includes more than a thousand responses, totalling some 80,000 words, from older respondents in the north-west of England, to the question: ‘What is a boggart?’ The Boggart Sourcebook will be of interest to folklorists, historians and dialect scholars. It provides the three corpora on which the innovative monograph, The Boggart, is based.

Past Verses Present; Metamorphosis in Different Spheres of Guwahati: A Study of Srutimala Duara’s Mindprints of Guwahati

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ankita Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
River Bank ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Indian State ◽  
The City ◽  
Beautiful City

Guwahati derives its name from the Assamese word “Guwa” means areca nut and “Haat” means market. However, the modern Guwahati had been known as the ancient Pragjyotishpura and was the capital of Assam under the Kamrupa kingdom. A beautiful city Guwahati is situated on the south bank of the river Bramhaputra. Moreover, It is known as the largest city in the Indian state of Assam and also the largest metropolis in North East India. It has also its importance as the gateway to the North- East India. Assamese and English are the spoken languages in Guwahati.  In 1667, the Mogul forces were defeated in the battle by the Ahom forces commanded by Lachut Barphukan. Thus, in a sense Guwahati became the bone of contention among the Ahoms, Kochas and the Moguls during the medieval period.  Guwahati the administrative headquarters of Lower Assam with a viceroy or Barbhukan was made by the Ahom king.  Since 1972 it has been the capital of Assam. The present paper will discuss the changes happened in Guwahati over the period of late 1970s till the present time. It will focus on the behavior of people, transformed temples, Panbazar of the city, river bank of Bramhaputra, old Fancy Bazaar, chaotic ways, festivals and seasons including a fifth man made season etc. It will also deal how over the years a city endowed with nature’s gifts and scenic views, has been changing as “a dirty city”. Furthermore, it will also present the insurgencies that have barged into the city. The occurrence of changes will be discussed through the perspective and point of view of Srutimala Duara as presented in her book Mindprints of Guwahati.

DIRECTIONS OF ASSOCIATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONAL NAMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Olena Karpenko ◽  
Tetiana Stoianova
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Communicative Process ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
The Brain

The article is devoted to the study of personal names from a cognitive point of view. The study is based on the cognitive concept that speech actually exists not in the speech, not in linguistic writings and dictionaries, but in consciousness, in the mental lexicon, in the language of the brain. The conditions for identifying personal names can encompass not only the context, encyclopedias, and reference books, but also the sound form of the word. In the communicative process, during a free associative experiment, which included a name and a recipient’s mental lexicon. The recipient was assigned a task to quickly give some association to the name. The aggregate of a certain number of reactions of different recipients forms the associative field of a proper name. The associative experiment creates the best conditions for identifying the lexeme. The definition of a monosemantic personal name primarily includes the search of what it denotes, while during the process of identifying a polysemantic personal name recipients tend have different reactions. Scientific value is posed by the effect of the choice of letters for the name, sound symbolism, etc. The following belong to the generalized forms of identification: usage of a hyperonym; synonyms and periphrases or simple descriptions; associations denoting the whole (name stimulus) by reference to its part (associatives); cognitive structures such as “stimulus — association” and “whole (stimulus) — part (associative)”; lack of adjacency; mysterious associations. The topicality of the study is determined by its perspective to identify the directions of associative identification of proper names, which is one of the branches of cognitive onomastics. The purpose of the study is to identify, review, and highlight the directions of associative identification of proper names; the object of the research is the names in their entirety and variety; its subject is the existence of names in the mental lexicon, which determines the need for singling out the directions for the associative identification of the personal names.

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