scholarly journals Analysis of Demographic Changes in the Rural Areas of the Republic of Srpska

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Gordana Rokvić ◽  
Ljiljana Drinić
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Household Members ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Population Demographic

The rural areas of Republic of Srpska occupy about 95% of its territory and about 83% of its population. The aim of the research was to determine the differences of demographic indicators, focusing on rural areas, between the two Population Censuses, and confirm the hypothesis that human capital in the rural areas of the Republic of Srpska is a critical factor in the development of rural areas which tends to further threaten economic and social development. The paper analyzes the results of the 2013 Population Census and the 1991 Census, comparing the basic demographic indicators. The results of the analysis show loss of population, number of household members and accelerated population ageing, and decline in the number of active population. Demographic problems are equally expressed in all parts of the rural area irrespective of the population density.

scholarly journals Directions and tendencies of migration of the population into urban areas of the republic of Srpska

2021 ◽  
Vol XXII (2021) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Tanja Mišlicki Tomić ◽  
Vesna Rajcevic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

This paper covers internal migrations in the Republic of Srpska, in the period 2007-2015 and their impact to urban and peri-urban development of urban areas of the Republic. Migration directions show a continuity of permanent abandonment of rural areas and settlement of urban and peri-urban areas of the Republic, also including the migrations (immigration) from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The scope of migrations has the trend of decrease as result of decrease in the rural population of the Republic of Srpska and its aging. Urban centres of the northern part of the Republic of Srpska (Banja Luka, Doboj, Bijeljina, Prijedor and Gradiška) have the largest scope of immigration, due to a number of attractive factors. In the southern part of the Republic, in the sub-Mediterranean area, the City of Trebinje is the main immigration area for the population of eastern Herzegovina, but also, more and more, for the population of the rest of the Republic of Srpska, as well for the wider regional environment. Spatial scope of research consists of eight cities in the Republic of Srpska, which defined the status of the city in the period from 1995 to 2019. Those cities are: Banjaluka, Bijeljina, Prijedor, Gradiška, Doboj, Istočno Sarajevo, Zvornik and Trebinje. The specificities in the territorial organization of the Republic of Srpska are the result of complex socio-political processes and the formation of the entity line of demarcation in post-war period (1992-1995), between the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Srpska. Given the physiognomy of space and developmental processes, the Republic of Srpska has complex settlement function. In four urban areas, Istočno Sarajevo, Doboj, Zvornik and Trebinje, the settlements are divided by the entity line, which caused the migrations. In 2014, population migration was also affected by administrative separation of the municipality of Stanari from the Doboj city area. Due to the above mentioned, compared to other cities of the Republic, Doboj has the highest negative values of the migration balance in the observed period (2007-2016). Statistical data from the Federal Bureau of Statistics of BiH and the Republic Institute of the Republic of Srpska were used in research related to migrations, as well as other relevant statistical material produced in the period from 1991 to 2016. The key demographic indicators, internal migrations, immigration and emigration and migration balance were taken into consideration. In order to compare the research areas, data were prepared on the basis of demographic indicators. Conclusions on spatial integration of migration, as well as its direction, have been drawn based on internal migration, spatial distribution of population and change in number of inhabitants in urban and suburban settlements.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE PREDVOLZHSKY ECONOMIC REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
A.R. Mukhametov ◽  
I.T. Gaisin ◽  
V.А. Rubtsov ◽  
V.P. Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Country People

The study of rural population in the regional context makes it possible to identify demographic problems and analyze the factors influencing the state of rural population and settlements of the republic on the example of the Predvolzhsky agrarian economic region (Predvolzhie) of the Republic of Tatarstan with predominantly rural population. The period for considering the development of the rural population of the economic region was chosen from 1959 to 2019, since the Soviet period of the development of the planned economy and the formation of market relations in agriculture in the republic has its own characteristics and aspects. A significant impact on the rural population of the republic was exerted by the large-scale diversified development of industrial production: the automotive industry, petrochemical production, and the electric power industry. The study reveals the complex impact of historical, geographical, social, economic, transport factors affecting the demographic processes in the rural population of this economic region. The dynamics of changes in the main indicators of demographic processes of the rural population of the Volga region is considered on the example of Apastovsky, Buinsky, Drozhzhanovsky, Kaibitsky, Kamsko-Ustinsky and Tetyushsky rural municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article shows the internal territorial differences in the population density of the Predvolzhsky economic region and analyzes the main demographic indicators (birth rate, mortality, decline in dynamics over 60 years), and also reveals positive and negative trends of these indicators using the example of specific municipal areas. The analysis of changes in the dynamics of the rural population and settlements and the reasons for its decrease is presented on the basis of statistical materials of the All-Union and All-Russian population censuses. The article identifies three periods of development of the rural population in the municipal districts of the Predvolzhsky economic region of the Republic of Tatarstan, which reflect the general picture of the vector of development of the rural population of the republic in the period under study. The current crisis state of the demographic indicators of the agrarian economic region shows the need for targeted management decisions in this direction. The research emphasizes that at the moment the country people need economic stability. Existence in rural areas of jobs, the stable salary will allow to stabilize a situation of reduction of country people.

scholarly journals Razmještaj stanovništva u Republici Hrvatskoj - dio općih demogrfskih i društveno-gospodarskih procesa

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Ivo Nejašmić ◽  
Aleksandar Toskić
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Central Places ◽  
The Republic

The work deals with the population distribution in the Republic of Croatia as a part of generaldemographic and socio-economic conditions and processes. The present-day population distribution in Croatia has turned out to be unfavourable. The whole regions are underpopulated and exposed to depopulation, the rural areas are almost emptied, the population is condensed around the small number of central places, etc. Besides, the trends are unfavourable: many densely populated and over-populated regions record a further increase of the population number, while the underpopulated ones are exposed to a constant depopulation.

scholarly journals State and perspectives of the demographic development of the geospace of the republic of Srpska

2006 ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drasko Marinkovic
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
The Republic

Yearly rates of population increase and the data about the relative participation of particular areas in the total number of the population of the Republic of Srpska point to the interdependence between the natural movement and the tract processes of emigration, deagrarization and urbanization. These processes are in the harmony with the demographic transition which is followed by the changes in the structure of the active population. Unfavourable tendencies in the re-distribution and reinstatement of the tract-demographic polarization have the reflection in the disturbances in the demographic structures and in the strengthening of the process of the total ageing of the population, specially in the rural areas. These tendencies result in a more pronounced polarization in the reproduction of the population in which the urban areas take over the priority. With the trend of the low and negative natural increase, which has the immediate influence on the accelerated process of ageing of the population, further growth of the population and socio-economic development of the Republic of Srpska are questionable. In order to secure the constant growth of the population of this area, it is urgently necessary to conduct the measures of the population politics, that is, it is necessary to match the demographic and general socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Regional level in the function of mitigating negative demographic trends in rural areas of Serbia: Case study of the district of Zajecar

2014 ◽  
pp. 777-791
Author(s):  
Marija Drobnjakovic ◽  
Marijana Pantic ◽  
Marko Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Spatial Plan

Long-term marginalization of villages has caused negative demographic trends in rural areas of Serbia, primarily through forceful de-population, unfavorable demographic structures and other structural problems. The term ?extinction? is the most often related to the recent appearance of demographic shrinkage and economic decline of villages. According to the last population census (2011), 13 settlements without permanent inhabitants have been recorded. The fact that about 1/3 of all settlements in rural Serbia is sparsely inhabited (less than 20 inh/km2) indicates that scales of demographic decline impacts are yet to be seen. The Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia (2010) advocates polycentric and balanced regional development. Creation of adequate instruments to mitigate demographic decline in rural areas requires clear definition of regional territorial units. Are they going to be NUTS 3 level, or functional urban areas, as spatially and functionally integrated areas which represent more suitable choice for addressing the issue of demographic and economic decline, or should concrete answers be looked for at the level of identified rural regions [Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia, 2010; National Program for Rural Development, 2011]? This paper will research these issues in the District of Zajecar with a good practice in Germany.

scholarly journals Tatars of Kazakhstan: number and distribution (according to population census materials 1989, 1999, and 2009)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-434
Author(s):  
Fauzia Z. Razhepaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Demographic Behavior ◽  
Level Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Noticeable Reduction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Educational

The history of the settlement of the Kazakhstan territory by Tatars took place over several centuries. At present, they are among the eight most numerous ethnic groups of the republic. Over the years of residence on the Kazakh land, the demographic behavior of Tatars constantly changed. In this regard, the author of the article sought to show the dynamics of the number and location of the Tatar diaspora in Kazakhstan, as well as the features of their intra-republican distribution over a twenty-year period. Considering the demographic characteristics of the Tatars in Kazakhstan, the main focus was made on the census of 1989, 1999, and 2009, the analysis of which showed that since the 80s of the 20th century, the growth rate of Tatars has slowed significantly; while in the 90s of 20th and early 21st centuries, there is a noticeable reduction in the Tatar population. The reasons for this were, first of all, the external migration of Tatars, a decrease in birth rate and an increase in mortality among them. During 1989–2009, Tatars steadily occupied the sixth place in their numbers among the other most numerous ethnic groups of the republic. The region most populated by the Tatars in the period between the three censuses of 1989, 1999, and 2009 was the Karaganda Region, the least number of Tatars lived in Mangistau – 0.3% and Kyzylorda – 0.3%. Tatars are one of the most urbanized ethnic groups in Kazakhstan. In the urban population, they occupy the 5th place in their number. Over 10% of the Tatars live in rural areas of Almaty, Kostanay, Akmola, and South Kazakhstan regions. Representatives of the ethnic group under discussion reside in virtually all regions of Kazakhstan. The resettlement of Tatars in these regions of the republic was primarily influenced by the socio-economic situation, professional structure, high educational level, culture and lifestyle of the Tatar diaspora representatives.

scholarly journals Natives and Migrants in the Population Structure of Russian and Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Guldar F. Akhmetova
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sociological Studies

Based on the data of the All-Russian population censuses of 2002 and 2010, as well as the micro-census of 2015, the author examines the dynamics of the structure of the urban and rural population of Russia and Bashkortostan in terms of the representation of two categories of residents – local natives living in a place of permanent residence without leaving, and migrants, that is, those who live in a place since a certain time or are a local native with migration experience. A comparative analysis of the population census data revealed the following trends in the migration mobility of the population of Russia and Bashkortostan in the first decade and a half of this century. The results of the 2002 census showed the dominance of “non-migrants” in the urban and rural population both in the whole country and in Bashkortostan. They were more represented in the republic than in Russia. The intensification of migration processes in the following years led to the reverse ratio of different categories of the population in 2010 – the predominance of migrants and a decrease in the proportion of local natives living without leaving. During this period, migration flows increased not only to cities, but also to rural areas, which also affected the higher representation of rural migrants. Five years later, the 2015 micro-census data brought the population structure closer to the situation in 2002 – the dominance of local natives, which to a certain extent indicates a decrease in the migration mobility of the population. However, the results of the micro-census could also be influenced by organizational and methodological reasons related to different approaches to accounting for the most mobile categories of the population. At the same time, the decline in migration activity of the population in the period between 2010 and 2015 is also indicated by the results of representative sociological studies both in the country as a whole and in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The general trend of changes in the population structure between 2002 and 2015 is characterized by a lower representation of migrants and a greater representation of local natives in Bashkortostan compared to Russia at the beginning of the period under review and the alignment of national and all-Russian indicators by 2015. To a certain extent, this may be due to the fact that the decline in migration mobility of the population in the republic was not as intense as in the whole country. The upcoming population census will provide an opportunity to get a more complete picture of the nature of changes in the genetic structure of the population over the past decade.

Study of the Historical Demography of Kyrgyzstan in the 20th — Early 21st Centuries. Part one

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
R.T. Elemanova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Demography ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article is the first part of the study, which examines the issues related to the study of the history of population and historical demography of Kyrgyzstan. The emphasis is made on the issues of historiography on the basis of scientific literature on the problems of history and demography of Kyrgyzstan in the 20th — 21st centuries. The analysis and assessment of the main demographic indicators of the population of Kyrgyzstan in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods is considered, the process of change in demographic policy, as well as its impact on the socio-economic situation in the republic, are analyzed. It is concluded that the historiography of the historical demography of Kyrgyzstan is based on macro approaches to the study of demography processes, which was typical for Soviet historical science as a whole. The main problems of studying the history of the population of Kyrgyzstan, to which researchers were addressed, were the population census, changes in the number and distribution of the Kyrgyz, the impact of the 1916 uprising. on the demographic development of the Kyrgyz people, the settlement of nomads on the land, socio-cultural changes in Kyrgyzstan and their impact on the change of demographic characteristics. Much attention was also paid to public policy in the field of governance and influence on demographic processes.

scholarly journals The competitiveness of rural areas in the Republic of Tatarstan

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Landysh Sitdikova ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
Johan Van Ophem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Major Factors

This paper analyses the main factors influencing the regional competitiveness of rural areas in the Tatarstan Republic. Firstly, 19 variables related to the socio-economic situation in the Tatarstan Republic were analysed, these having been taken from the Statistics Committee of the Tatarstan Republic. Principal component analysis (PCA) was then used to determine the weights of 10 indicators that have an effect on the level of regional competitiveness. Factor weights are used as weights in the summation of the standardised scores of variables that have an impact on competitiveness. The major factors influencing the level of regional competitiveness are the level of economically active population, investment in housing and the level of education. The following results were obtained: one of the 44 regions is very highly competitive and two are highly competitive; two of 44 regions have a medium level of competitiveness and 39 regions have a low level of competitiveness.

scholarly journals Demographic Process of Population Ageing in Nepal

Patan Pragya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Kamala Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Demographic Process ◽  
Aged Population ◽  
National Population ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Almost All

Population ageing is known as gradual increase in the proportion of the elderly population aged 60 years and above in the total population. In demographic process this study attempts to examine how demographic indicators i.e fertility and mortality explain the process of population ageing by subnational level in Nepal. In addition, the study also tries to assess the ageing parameters such as index of ageing, old age dependency ratio, and median age after 20 years to examine the speed of ageing process in population. This study follows descriptive and exploratory research design based on the existing data sheet of National Population Census, 2001 & 2011 and also uses other previous censuses' data collected by CBS to explore the trends in these demographic indicators and parameters. Based on almost all these indicators, this study suggests that Nepal is already in the process of population ageing. Fertility and mortality are declining with increasing in life expectancy. The growth rate of the old aged population is higher than the national population growth rate by over three-fold. Similarly, almost all the parameters of ageing seem gradually increasing over the year, which makes the conformation that greater proportion of elderly individuals in the population. This trend seems in all over the sub regions of the country but in different manner. As compared with other pace in process of population ageing is higher in Hill region and, province 3. At last study conclude population ageing is driven with the transition of the fertility and mortality where the level of fertility and mortality seems low with high life expectancy the proportion of aged population is higher and vice versa.

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