Study of the Historical Demography of Kyrgyzstan in the 20th — Early 21st Centuries. Part one

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
R.T. Elemanova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Demography ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article is the first part of the study, which examines the issues related to the study of the history of population and historical demography of Kyrgyzstan. The emphasis is made on the issues of historiography on the basis of scientific literature on the problems of history and demography of Kyrgyzstan in the 20th — 21st centuries. The analysis and assessment of the main demographic indicators of the population of Kyrgyzstan in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods is considered, the process of change in demographic policy, as well as its impact on the socio-economic situation in the republic, are analyzed. It is concluded that the historiography of the historical demography of Kyrgyzstan is based on macro approaches to the study of demography processes, which was typical for Soviet historical science as a whole. The main problems of studying the history of the population of Kyrgyzstan, to which researchers were addressed, were the population census, changes in the number and distribution of the Kyrgyz, the impact of the 1916 uprising. on the demographic development of the Kyrgyz people, the settlement of nomads on the land, socio-cultural changes in Kyrgyzstan and their impact on the change of demographic characteristics. Much attention was also paid to public policy in the field of governance and influence on demographic processes.

scholarly journals Study of the Historical Demography of Kyrgyzstan in the 20th — Early 21st Centuries. Part Two

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
R.T. Elemanova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Historical Demography ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development

The article is the second part of the study, which examines the issues related to the study of the history of population and historical demography of Kyrgyzstan. The emphasis is made on the issues of historiography on the basis of scientific literature on the history and demography of Kyrgyzstan in the 20th — 21st centuries. The analysis and assessment of the main demographic indicators of the population of Kyrgyzstan in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods is considered, the processes of change in demographic policy, as well as its impact on the socio-economic situation in the republic, are analyzed. It is concluded that the historiography of the historiography of the historical demography of Kyrgyzstan is based on macro approached to the study of demographic processes, which was typical for Soviet historical science as a whole. For the further development of historical demography in Kyrgyzstan, it is necessary to expand the methodological toolkit, in particular, an appeal to primary sources and modern information technologies. In historiography, in the last decade, theoretical and methodological issues of the application of GIS technology in historical research experiments have been developed and supported.

Medical and demographic particularities of municipalities in the Republic of Karelia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 966-991
Author(s):  
E.V. Molchanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Methods

Subject. This article explores the medical and demographic processes in the Republic of Karelia. Objectives. The article aims to assess the impact of various factors on regional medical and demographic processes in the context of socio-economic transformation and digital healthcare development. Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis and economic and mathematical methods. Results. The article reveals demographic features of population resettlement in the Republic of Karelia and patterns of medical and demographic processes in the municipalities of the region. It describes the relationship between socio-economic and medical and demographic indicators, and identifies the benefits and possible risk of introducing modern technologies into real clinical practice. Conclusions. There are certain man-environment relationships that affect the public health. These relationships need to be taken into account when forming demographic development programmes.

Religion and Politics in Contemporary Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ateş Altınordu
Keyword(s):  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Political Incorporation ◽  
Turkish Politics ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Religion and secularism have been central threads in Turkish politics throughout the history of the republic. This chapter focuses on three important aspects of the relationship between religion and politics in contemporary Turkey. First, it explores the political functions of the Directorate of Religious Affairs (Diyanet), a government agency that has served as the primary means for the implementation of the religious policies of the Turkish state. Second, it investigates the relations between Islamic communities, political parties, and the state and argues that the distinction between official and unofficial Islam that has informed much of the work on the Turkish religious field must be strongly qualified. Finally, the author focuses on the trajectory of political Islam in Turkey, critically reviewing the literature on the rise, political incorporation, and authoritarian turn of Islamic parties. The conclusion emphasizes the need for studies investigating the impact of politics on religiosity in Turkish society.

scholarly journals Franjo Tuđman and Demographic Revitalization/Sustainability of Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-147
Author(s):  
Dražen Živić
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration

According to a number of relevant demographic and statistical indicators, Croatia is in a deep demographic crisis in all aspects of demographic dynamics and structural-demographic development. Total depopulation, natural decline, negative migration balance, demographic aging, and spatial polarization of the population – are fundamental long-term and current demographic trends and processes that, thanks to available data from census, vital and migration statistics can be monitored almost continuously from the middle of last century until today. The current demographic picture of Croatia is marked by natural and mechanical population losses, which means more deaths from birth and more emigration than immigration, with significantly disturbed relations between large (functional) age groups that threaten further collapse of bio reproductive potential and economic activity of the population. Croatian demographers warned of this circumstance during socialist Yugoslavia, especially after reaching independence in 1991. In their research, they were especially committed to the design and implementation of active and stimulating population policies, which had a certain impact in the formation of some decisions and documents of Croatian state policy during the 1990s. In this sense, it is scientifically relevant to valorize Dr. Tuđman’s attitude towards Croatian demographic issues, because demographic challenges have been and still are in significant discrepancy with socially desirable demographic pro-cesses and trends as key factors in the development and progress of the Croatian state and society, especially from 1991 and onwards. Therefore, in the context of Tuđman’s work as a politician (president of the Croatian Democratic Union from 1989 to 1999) and statesman (president of the Republic of Croatia from 1990 to 1999), but also as a scientist and public figure (director of the Institute for the History of the Labor Movement from 1961 to 1967) it is useful to investigate whether and to what extent there is a consistent attitude towards the demographic situation and problems of Croatia and, accordingly, whether we find the issue of Croatian demography at the center or on the margins of interest in his public work.

DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF THE USSR IN THE 1920-1930S: ON THE PROBLEM OF MODERN HISTORIOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
EKATERINA N. BADMAEVA ◽  
◽  
ELLARA U. OMAKAEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic History ◽  
Historical Demography ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Demographic Process ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues

The article discusses the main trends in the formation and development of a new direction of historical science - historical demography. The purpose of the article is to review scientific papers related to the study of the stated issues. Their general characteristics are given, and key issues are highlighted. The role and significance of socio - historical factors in the demographic process of the first half of the XX century in different regions of the USSR on the example of Kalmykia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan are revealed. A historiographical assessment of losses during the demographic crisis in the USSR in the first half of the 1930s is given.

Leszek Ziątkowski

2001 ◽  
pp. 393-395
Author(s):  
Marcin Wodzinski
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Population ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores The Jewish Population of Breslau, 1812–1914. This book is a fragment of a doctoral dissertation by Leszek Ziątkowski. Only the part discussing two key issues in the life of the Breslau Jewish community: its demographic development and its socio-topography was published. Despite the book's many strengths, the chapter mostly addresses its many weaknesses. It remarks that the book's title promises much more than we get. In vain one looks for information on important events in the history of Breslau Jews: on the emancipation edict and the impact of the Prussian ‘Jewish’ legislation on the everyday work of the Breslau kehilah; on religious life (including the famous Tiktin–Geiger controversy); on social, economic, and political life; on the role played by the Jewish Theological Seminar, and other key issues. This thus leaves the reader with a sense of dissatisfaction — more so for the fact that there is currently no monograph describing this period in the history of Breslau's Jews.

scholarly journals The Consequences of the Military Conflict in Eastern Ukraine, Its Impact on International Investment Attractiveness, Economic and Demographic Development in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dmytro Vasylkivskyi ◽  
Serhii Matiukh ◽  
Olha Matviiets ◽  
Ihor Lapshyn ◽  
Vitalina Babenko
Keyword(s):  
International Investment ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The conflict in the Eastern part of Ukraine and the growing geopolitical tensions have had a significant impact on the economy and society of the country. As a result, it deepened the recession and diverged from the planned development indicators. In particular, this concerns international reserves of the National Bank of Ukraine and the country's budget deficit. Multilateral economic changes, exacerbated by the impact of hostilities in the Eastern part of the country have transformed the structure of socio-demographic processes in Ukraine. Armed confrontation causes a continuous deterioration of demographic and economic indicators of development not only of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, but also has an impact on the whole country. This confrontation is also accompanied by the loss (destruction, theft, etc.) of public assets. The estimated cost of destroyed components of industrial, communal, social, transport, energy and other infrastructure are indicative due to the inability to inspect objects located within the territory controlled by terrorist groups. The conflict has also affected the investment attractiveness of the country, which accelerates the creation of a depressed nature of country’s development. Therefore, in the context of hostility in the Eastern Ukraine, it is important to understand and study its destabilizing impact, not only on domestic economic and demographic indicators, but also on the volume of foreign investment, which will allow us to understand the level of country’s involvement in the global investment space and the real impact of military action on the population and on international economic affairs of Ukraine. As a result of this scientific research, the population and GDP forecast have been conducted. It is worth noting that the forecast itself based on regression mathematical modelling which includes past data and can be accurate if current conditions are stable in the future.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE PREDVOLZHSKY ECONOMIC REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
A.R. Mukhametov ◽  
I.T. Gaisin ◽  
V.А. Rubtsov ◽  
V.P. Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Country People

The study of rural population in the regional context makes it possible to identify demographic problems and analyze the factors influencing the state of rural population and settlements of the republic on the example of the Predvolzhsky agrarian economic region (Predvolzhie) of the Republic of Tatarstan with predominantly rural population. The period for considering the development of the rural population of the economic region was chosen from 1959 to 2019, since the Soviet period of the development of the planned economy and the formation of market relations in agriculture in the republic has its own characteristics and aspects. A significant impact on the rural population of the republic was exerted by the large-scale diversified development of industrial production: the automotive industry, petrochemical production, and the electric power industry. The study reveals the complex impact of historical, geographical, social, economic, transport factors affecting the demographic processes in the rural population of this economic region. The dynamics of changes in the main indicators of demographic processes of the rural population of the Volga region is considered on the example of Apastovsky, Buinsky, Drozhzhanovsky, Kaibitsky, Kamsko-Ustinsky and Tetyushsky rural municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article shows the internal territorial differences in the population density of the Predvolzhsky economic region and analyzes the main demographic indicators (birth rate, mortality, decline in dynamics over 60 years), and also reveals positive and negative trends of these indicators using the example of specific municipal areas. The analysis of changes in the dynamics of the rural population and settlements and the reasons for its decrease is presented on the basis of statistical materials of the All-Union and All-Russian population censuses. The article identifies three periods of development of the rural population in the municipal districts of the Predvolzhsky economic region of the Republic of Tatarstan, which reflect the general picture of the vector of development of the rural population of the republic in the period under study. The current crisis state of the demographic indicators of the agrarian economic region shows the need for targeted management decisions in this direction. The research emphasizes that at the moment the country people need economic stability. Existence in rural areas of jobs, the stable salary will allow to stabilize a situation of reduction of country people.

scholarly journals Assessment of the prospects for changing the demographic situation in the regions of Russia, taking into account the development of social infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Oreshnikov ◽  
Marsel Nizamutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The current situation in the field of demographic development in Russia is characterized by a combination of many heterogeneous factors, the overwhelming majority of which are negative. Thus, the risk is posed by the aging of the population, changes in reproductive behavior, an increase in the demographic burden, a decrease in real incomes of a significant share of the population, etc. Socio-economic factors and living conditions of the population have a significant impact on demographic processes. The article examines the issues of assessing the impact of the level of development of social infrastructure on demographic processes in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It is pointed out that the current situation is characterized by a high degree of differentiation in all key indicators of regional development, including the relationship between the parameters of demographic development and the development of the social infrastructure of the region. An approach to the grouping of regions, taking into account the interval estimation of each of the considered parameters, is proposed. This approach has been tested on three key parameters of population movement – fertility, mortality and migration. The obtained results of the grouping of regions were used in the formation of a set of regression equations describing the dependence of the values of the parameters of population movement on the level of development of social infrastructure and the group numbers assigned to the regions. In the course of the study, rating assessments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were obtained from the standpoint of the parameters under consideration and a mid-term forecast of changes in the population growth rate was formed. Thus, the authors have shown that social infrastructure, acting as a component of the general regional infrastructure, with which people directly interact and which, itself being a reflection of the development of the regional economy, directly affects the reproductive and migratory behavior of Russian citizens.

The impact of agricultural transformations on the region's rural settlement system

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2256-2275
Author(s):  
V.N. D'yachenko ◽  
V.V. Lazareva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article explores the changes in the region's rural settlement system driven by certain transformations in agriculture. Objectives. The article aims to assess the impact of the transformations in agricultural production of the Amur Oblast on the settlement structure of the Far Eastern agricultural region. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of logical, comparative, and statistical analyses, and typology. A set of spatial development theories is the methodological basis of the study. Results. The article presents a database that helps understand the history of agricultural settlements of the area, as well as demographic processes and trends differentiation. Conclusions. The mechanisms to stabilize the area's population should be used alongside with spatial development policies that are in line with the development of agricultural settlements.

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