scholarly journals Shifting from closed-source graphical-interface to open-source programming environment: a brief tutorial on running Maxent in R

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng ◽  
Fikirte Gebresenbet ◽  
Cassondra Walker
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Programming Environment ◽  
Graphical Interface ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Software Algorithms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Closed Source

Ecological niche modeling (ENM) is increasingly being used in studying the relationship between species distributions and environmental conditions. The development of ENM software/algorithms is heading toward open-source programming, for the advantage of efficiency in handling big data and incorporating new methods. Maxent is one of the commonly used ENM algorithms, but there has been limited information and efforts in implementing Maxent in an open-source programming environment (e.g., R). Therefore, we aim to fill the gap of knowledge for using Maxent in R. More specifically, we demonstrate the general implementation of Maxent in R based on a commonly used ENM procedure, provide a function that bridges the Maxent algorithm and R computing environment for easier use, and demonstrate the manipulation of a few crucial Maxent parameters in R. We expect our efforts will promote a shift of the Maxent user community from a graphical-interface to open-source programming.

scholarly journals Shifting from closed-source graphical-interface to open-source programming environment: a brief tutorial on running Maxent in R

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng ◽  
Fikirte Gebresenbet ◽  
Cassondra Walker
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Programming Environment ◽  
Graphical Interface ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Software Algorithms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Closed Source

Ecological niche modeling (ENM) is increasingly being used in studying the relationship between species distributions and environmental conditions. The development of ENM software/algorithms is heading toward open-source programming, for the advantage of efficiency in handling big data and incorporating new methods. Maxent is one of the commonly used ENM algorithms, but there has been limited information and efforts in implementing Maxent in an open-source programming environment (e.g., R). Therefore, we aim to fill the gap of knowledge for using Maxent in R. More specifically, we demonstrate the general implementation of Maxent in R based on a commonly used ENM procedure, provide a function that bridges the Maxent algorithm and R computing environment for easier use, and demonstrate the manipulation of a few crucial Maxent parameters in R. We expect our efforts will promote a shift of the Maxent user community from a graphical-interface to open-source programming.

scholarly journals Internal Quality Evolution of Open-Source Software Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5690
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Alenezi
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Software Evolution ◽  
Quality Metrics ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Software Metric ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The evolution of software is necessary for the success of software systems. Studying the evolution of software and understanding it is a vocal topic of study in software engineering. One of the primary concepts of software evolution is that the internal quality of a software system declines when it evolves. In this paper, the method of evolution of the internal quality of object-oriented open-source software systems has been examined by applying a software metric approach. More specifically, we analyze how software systems evolve over versions regarding size and the relationship between size and different internal quality metrics. The results and observations of this research include: (i) there is a significant difference between different systems concerning the LOC variable (ii) there is a significant correlation between all pairwise comparisons of internal quality metrics, and (iii) the effect of complexity and inheritance on the LOC was positive and significant, while the effect of Coupling and Cohesion was not significant.

scholarly journals A programming environment for ubiquitous computing environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minkyoung Oh ◽  
Jiyeon Lee ◽  
Byeong-Mo Chang ◽  
Joonseon Ahn ◽  
Kyung-Goo Doh
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Programming Environment ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing Environment

Converting Raw Accelerometer Data to Activity Counts Using Open-Source Code: Implementing a MATLAB Code in Python and R, and Comparing the Results to ActiLife

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ruben Brondeel ◽  
Yan Kestens ◽  
Javad Rahimipour Anaraki ◽  
Kevin Stanley ◽  
Benoit Thierry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Accelerometer Sensor ◽  
Interclass Correlation ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pearson Correlations ◽  
Closed Source

Background: Closed-source software for processing and analyzing accelerometer data provides little to no information about the algorithms used to transform acceleration data into physical activity indicators. Recently, an algorithm was developed in MATLAB that replicates the frequently used proprietary ActiLife activity counts. The aim of this software profile was (a) to translate the MATLAB algorithm into R and Python and (b) to test the accuracy of the algorithm on free-living data. Methods: As part of the INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team, data were collected from 86 participants in Victoria (Canada). The participants were asked to wear an integrated global positioning system and accelerometer sensor (SenseDoc) for 10 days on the right hip. Raw accelerometer data were processed in ActiLife, MATLAB, R, and Python and compared using Pearson correlation, interclass correlation, and visual inspection. Results: Data were collected for a combined 749 valid days (>10 hr wear time). MATLAB, Python, and R counts per minute on the vertical axis had Pearson correlations with the ActiLife counts per minute of .998, .998, and .999, respectively. All three algorithms overestimated ActiLife counts per minute, some by up to 2.8%. Conclusions: A MATLAB algorithm for deriving ActiLife counts was implemented in R and Python. The different implementations provide similar results to ActiLife counts produced in the closed source software and can, for all practical purposes, be used interchangeably. This opens up possibilities to comparing studies using similar accelerometers from different suppliers, and to using free, open-source software.

Identification of the biomechanical factors associated with the perception of distension in the human esophagus

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (4) ◽  
pp. G683-G689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Barlow ◽  
H. Gregersen ◽  
D. G. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Butyl Bromide ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impedance Planimetry ◽  
Sensory Responses ◽  
Human Esophagus ◽  
Biomechanical Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Current techniques used to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the sensory responses to distension of the human esophagus provide limited information because the degree of circumferential stretch required to determine tension can only be inferred. We used impedance planimetry to measure the cross-sectional area during esophageal distension to ascertain the degree of stretch and tension that initiated motor and sensory responses. Hyoscine- N-butyl bromide (HBB), a cholinergic muscarinic receptor blocker, was also used to alter esophageal tension during distension. Motor activity was initiated at a lower degree of stretch and tension than that which initiated sensory awareness; both increased directly with increasing distension. HBB reduced both esophageal motility and tension during distension without altering the relationship between sensation intensity and cross-sectional area. Esophageal stretch, rather than tension, thus appears to be the major factor influencing sensory responses to esophageal distension.

scholarly journals Dissecting the Microbial Community Structure of Internal Organs During the Early Postmortem Period in a Murine Corpse Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruina Liu ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Qinru Sun ◽  
Xin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Forensic Microbiology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Early Postmortem

Abstract Background Microorganisms inhabit and proliferate throughout the body both externally and internally, which are the primary mediators of putrefaction after death. However, limited information is available about the changes in the postmortem microbiota of extraintestinal body sites in the early decomposition stage of mammalian corpses. Results This study applied 16S rRNA barcoding to investigate microbial composition variations among different organs and the relationship between microbial communities and time since death over 1 day of decomposition. During 1 day of decomposition, Agrobacterium, Prevotella, Bacillus, and Turicibacter were regarded as time-relevant genera in internal organs at different timepoints. Pathways associated with lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate and terpenoid and polyketide metabolism were significantly enriched at 8 hours than that at 0.5 or 4 hours. The microbiome compositions and postmortem metabolic pathways differed by time since death, and more importantly, these alterations were organ specific. Conclusion The dominant microbes differed by organ, while they tended toward similarity as decomposition progressed. The observed thanatomicrobiome variation by body site provides new knowledge into decomposition ecology and forensic microbiology. Additionally, the microbes detected at 0.5 hours in internal organs may inform a new direction for organ transplantation.

Linking Job Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction in the Cruise Industry: Implications for Hospitality and Travel Organizations

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Testa ◽  
Cindy Skaruppa ◽  
Dale Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Employee Job Satisfaction ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Service quality and customer satisfaction are vital concerns in service industries, particularly in the cruise industry. As such, the development of new methods for improving both is essential. A model of attitudes, intentions, and behaviors proposed by Bagozzi and refined by Schmit and Allscheid was tested to determine if employee job satisfaction and customer satisfaction were related constructs in the cruise industry. The hypothesized model did not account for the relationship between the measured and latent variables; however, a direct relationship between employee job satisfaction and customer satisfaction was found to exist (R2 = . 30). Implications for hospitality and travel organizations are discussed, and recommendations are made for future research.

Le relazioni con il pubblico nelle Aziende Ospedaliere: un'area di intervento precipua per il sociologo. Obiettivi e metodi

2009 ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Giovanna Natalucci
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Internal Communication ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Quality Review ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

- The complexity of the Health-Care Service needs new methods and operational techniques borrowed from social research to find better ways to develop the relationship with citizens. The sociologist develops an effective action to facilitate the internal communication and acts as a mediator among the different professional skills. A consistent use of "focus group" permits to compare professional and personal experiences and to find out the best organizational/operational solutions starting from the customer's opinions.Keywords: focus group, rights of citizens, contentious prevention, quality review, communication, URP.Parole chiave: focus group, diritti dei cittadini, prevenzione del contenzioso, revisione della qualitÀ, comunicazione, URP.

Dynamical Simulation Models of the Open Source Development Process

2008 ◽  
pp. 698-721
Author(s):  
I. P. Antoniades ◽  
I. Samoladas ◽  
I. Stamelos ◽  
L. Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Dynamical Simulation ◽  
Closed Source ◽  
Free Open Source ◽  
Open Source Development

This chapter will discuss attempts to produce formal mathematical models for dynamical simulation of the development process of Free/Open Source Software (F/OSS) projects. First, a brief overview for simulation methods of closed source software development is given. Then, based on empirical facts reported in F/OSS case studies, we describe a general framework for F/OSS dynamical simulation models and discuss its similarities and differences to closed source software simulation. A specific F/OSS simulation model is introduced. The model is applied to the Apache project and to the gtk+ module of the GNOME project, and simulation outputs are compared to real data. The potential of formal F/OSS simulation models to turn into practical tools used by F/OSS coordinators to predict key project factors is demonstrated. Finally, issues for further research and efforts for improvement of this first-attempt model are discussed.

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