IV. Heat and Matter. Qualitative and Quantitative Relations Between Heat Content of Substances and Physical-Chemical State

Journal of Materials Research was conceived and launched in less than two years from initial conception and is now in its third year of publication. The Journal's immediate success is a result of its unique purpose and of the meticulous attention given it by a few dozen committed seientists. With little or no Publishing management experience, they were guided by their need for scientific information as they developed a Journal that would fill a void in the literature on advanced materials. The following is a description of the Journal's evolution from inception to the valuable scientific medium it is today.Journal of Materials Research will soon begin its fourth volume, a very satisfying milestone for those of us who helped launch it. The Journal was designed to fill a unique role for researchers and the libraries which serve them. It's worth recounting how the myriad of qualitative and quantitative aspects of the Journal's creation quickly fell into place, for it's a story of dedicated volunteers, lofty goals, and an Organization which itself, at the time, was almost too young to tackle so formidable a task.The Materials Research Society (MRS) was founded in 1973 expressly to provide a forum for reporting scientific research on new materials in an interdisciplinary format, encompassing physical, chemical and engineering developments that all affect the advancement of materials. The opportunities to do this under the auspices of the existing societies at that time were few or nonexistent.

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Conceptual model to analyze the effects caused by technological disaster on the physical-chemical state of the lower Doce River waters, Brazil

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152168 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152168

Author(s):

Bruno Peterle Vaneli ◽

Eliane Meire de Souza Araújo ◽

Daniel Ben-Hur Silva de Oliveira ◽

Izabela Tavares Spagnol ◽

Edmilson Costa Teixeira

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Model ◽

Chemical State ◽

Technological Disaster ◽

River Waters ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Doce River

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Analysis of the Restraint Model for Mental Disorder Clients in Health Care Facilities

Jurnal NERS ◽

10.20473/jn.v14i3.16957 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 256

Author(s):

Sitti Sulaihah ◽

Siti Khadijah ◽

Darni Darni

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Area Of Concern

Introduction: The reduction or elimination of restraint for psychiatric patients continues to be an area of concern and debate. The lack of accessible alternatives to restraint shows that nurses need to use restraints. The aim of the study was to gain insights from the restraint model used by mental disorder client nurses in health care facilities.Methods: The method used was the identification of interventions in the literature, the identification of the relevant literature by topic and title, obtaining the literature in full-text form and the analysis of the results from the various interventions used in the literature. We systematically searched Scopus, Proquest and Science Direct by including keywords such as ‘restraint models’ and ‘clinical restraint’. The years were limited to 4 (2015-2018).Results: From the 80 potentially relevant articles, 15 met our eligibility criteria with qualitative and quantitative designs; all discussed restraint interventions. The restraint models for mental disorder clients were physical, mechanical and chemical.Conclusion: This study reports on the latest experience that restraint cannot be eliminated from use. Nurses tended to disagree if the restraint method was removed. Restraint with physical, chemical, and mechanical solutions could be tailored to the client's case in health care facilities. The results of this review should be considered when developing interventions aimed at reducing the use of restraint.

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Transmission Electron Microscopy of Protein Macromolecules

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100066176 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 424-425

Author(s):

Henry S. Slayter

Keyword(s):

Biological Systems ◽

Metal Vapor ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

The Past ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Transmission Electron

Electron microscopic methods have been applied increasingly during the past fifteen years, to problems in structural molecular biology. Used in conjunction with physical chemical methods and/or Fourier methods of analysis, they constitute powerful tools for determining sizes, shapes and modes of aggregation of biopolymers with molecular weights greater than 50, 000. However, the application of the e.m. to the determination of very fine structure approaching the limit of instrumental resolving power in biological systems has not been productive, due to various difficulties such as the destructive effects of dehydration, damage to the specimen by the electron beam, and lack of adequate and specific contrast. One of the most satisfactory methods for contrasting individual macromolecules involves the deposition of heavy metal vapor upon the specimen. We have investigated this process, and present here what we believe to be the more important considerations for optimizing it. Results of the application of these methods to several biological systems including muscle proteins, fibrinogen, ribosomes and chromatin will be discussed.

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Expression of laminin and beta-1 integrin in embryonic, neonatal, and adult rat heart

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100085216 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 182-183

Author(s):

R.L. Price ◽

T.K. Borg ◽

L. Terracio ◽

M. Nakagawa

Keyword(s):

Temporal Expression ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Adult Rat ◽

Cytoplasmic Face ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

Basement Membrane Component ◽

Beta 1 Integrin ◽

Quantitative Changes ◽

Cytoskeletal Elements ◽

External Face

Little is known about the temporal expression of extracellular matrix components (ECM) and its receptors during development of the heart. Recent reports have shown that ECM components undergo both qualitative and quantitative changes during development, and it is believed that ECM components are important in the regulation of cell migration and cell:cell and cell:ECM recognition and adhesion.Integrins are transmembrane glycoproteins which bind several ECM components on their external face and cytoskeletal elements on the cytoplasmic face. Laminin is a basement membrane component which has been recognized as an important site for cell adhesion. Both the integrins and laminin are expressed early in development and continue to be expressed in the adult heart. With their documented roles in cell recognition, and cell:cell and cell:ECM migration and adhesion these proteins appear to be important components in development of the heart, and their temporal expression may play a pivotal role in morphogenesis and myofibrillogenesis of the heart.

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In situ microprobe quantitation of inorganic particle burden in paraffin sections of lung tissue

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100107010 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 990-991

Author(s):

Jerrold L. Abraham

Keyword(s):

Lung Tissue ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Particulate Material ◽

Paraffin Sections ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

The Past ◽

Quantitative Analyses ◽

Data Result

Inorganic particulate material of diverse types is present in the ambient and occupational environment, and exposure to such materials is a well recognized cause of some lung disease. To investigate the interaction of inhaled inorganic particulates with the lung it is necessary to obtain quantitative information on the particulate burden of lung tissue in a wide variety of situations. The vast majority of diagnostic and experimental tissue samples (biopsies and autopsies) are fixed with formaldehyde solutions, dehydrated with organic solvents and embedded in paraffin wax. Over the past 16 years, I have attempted to obtain maximal analytical use of such tissue with minimal preparative steps. Unique diagnostic and research data result from both qualitative and quantitative analyses of sections. Most of the data has been related to inhaled inorganic particulates in lungs, but the basic methods are applicable to any tissues. The preparations are primarily designed for SEM use, but they are stable for storage and transport to other laboratories and several other instruments (e.g., for SIMS techniques).

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