2. Conceptual Basis for the Selection of Wildlife Management Strategies by the Embera People in Utría National Park, Chocó, Colombia

2004 ◽  
pp. 11-36 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Preserving Wildlife: An International Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Nadia Elizabeth Tapp
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Sport Hunting ◽  
Selection Of

PRESERVING Wildlife: An International Perspective is an anthology of twenty papers exploring the issues related to the preservation of wildlife, with an emphasis on related management approaches. This topic is introduced philosophically with a discussion of moral values associated with human activities. Sport hunting, the medical aid of injured wild animals and the manipulation of wildlife during ecological field studies are discussed within this context. The focus then shifts to a selection of wildlife management strategies including habitat protection, captive breeding, culling of non-native species, eco-tourism and marketing of wildlife products.

scholarly journals Linking Conservation, Community Knowledge, and Adaptation to Extreme Climatic Events: A Case Study in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6478
Author(s):  
Amemarlita Matos ◽  
Laura Barraza ◽  
Isabel Ruiz-Mallén
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Water Provision

This study is based on ethnographic research that analyzes how traditional knowledge and local beliefs on biodiversity conservation relates to the local ability to adapt and be resilient to climatic changes in two communities around Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique: Nhanfisse in the buffer zone and Muanandimae in the core area. A total of 78 semi-structured interviews with heads of households were conducted. We found that both communities carried out practices and held beliefs associated with conservation, such as protecting trees and animal species considered sacred or perceived as beneficial for human life in terms of water provision and agricultural production. In addition to traditional ceremonies that respond to extreme climatic events such as drought and flood, other adaptation strategies used by the communities include moving to neighboring areas in search of better living conditions and using forest products in times of scarcity. We discuss that the management of the park should be agreed on, in a shared way, between local communities and conservation agents to ensure that these areas continue to perform the ecological, subsistence, and spiritual functions required. Our research results contribute to a better understanding of local adaptation dynamics towards extreme climatic events and improvement of management strategies.

State-shifts of lion prey selection in the Kruger National Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Maruping-Mzileni ◽  
P. J. Funston ◽  
S. M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Management Interventions

Aims Indicators of pending state-shifts carry value for policy makers. Predator–prey relations reflect key ecological processes that shape ecosystems. Variance in predator–prey relations may serve as a key indicator of future state-shifts. Methods Lion (Panthera leo) diet in the Kruger National Park was evaluated as such an indicator. Over the three-decade time span reviewed, variance in diet in relation to rainfall, prey abundance, management strategies and disease emergence were reviewed. Key results Rainfall patterns, both seasonal and cyclical, were identified as key drivers of predator–prey selection. However, the intensity of management in the form of artificial waterpoints overrode and confounded natural process. The results suggest that savanna systems are stable and punctuated by climatic events in the form of extreme above-average rainfall that temporarily destabilises the system. However, droughts are a cyclical part of the savanna system. Conclusion Lion prey selection did fluctuate with changing environmental conditions. Abrupt state shifts did occur; however, the ecosystem returned to a stable state. Implications State shifts in ecosystems pose key challenges to conservation managers. State shifts appear to be primarily associated with management interventions and environmental factors.

Chronic Urticaria: A Canadian Perspective on Patterns and Practical Management Strategies

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasdeep K. Sharma ◽  
Robert Miller ◽  
Scott Murray
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Urticaria ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Allergy Test ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Chronic urticaria is a common condition and is a source of great frustration to patients. It has been suggested that there may be differences among physicians in their approach to this common clinical entity. Objective and Method: A questionnaire was distributed Canada-wide to allergists, dermatologists, and a selection of practitioners with an interest in alternative medicine. The survey included questions on demographics, epidemiology, causative factors, diagnostic methods, therapeutic strategies, follow-up advice, and efficacy of therapies, with emphasis on personal experience. Results: The response rates of allergists and dermatologists were 31% and 36%, respectively. There was wide representation from all regions of Canada and from physicians from all age groups, both genders, different types of practice, and years in practice. The reported incidence per month was 13 and 4 patients for allergists and dermatologists, respectively. The prevalence was 199 and 44 patients by allergists and dermatologists, respectively. Comparison of causative factors showed differences in the experiences of the two groups. Diagnostic investigations were requested in a similar pattern with respect to timing. The specific tests ordered by the groups showing statistical difference were complete blood count (CBC), differential, C4 complement, antinuclear antibodies, and IgE antibody assay. Allergists chose the skin prick test (100%) as the most important allergy test. Dermatologists ranked skin prick (50%), radioallergosorbent test (RAST) (20%), and skin patch (30%) as the most important tests. The top six choices of pharmaceutical therapies chosen by the groups were similar, but in a slightly different order. The responders ranked their personal selection of antihistamines according to effectiveness. Hydroxyzine (Atarax®) and cetirizine (Reactine®, Allegra®) were selected as first and second most effective agents by both groups. The results also show effective experience by both groups with nonsedating and sedating antihistamines. Also, doxepin, ketotifen, and cimetidine are used frequently by both groups. The experience of dermatologists in Canada with respect to other modalities including psoralen ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy, danazol, chelation, calcium channel blockers, and acyclovir is limited and efficacy is ranked either neutral or ineffective. Allergists reported even less experience with these therapies. Conclusion: Allergists and dermatologists across Canada show interesting similarities and differences in their practical approach to the management of chronic urticaria. With the sharing of this information, these two specialties will be better equipped to effectively manage patients suffering from chronic urticaria.

scholarly journals The major vegetation communities of the Augrabies Falls National Park, Northern Cape. 1. The southern section

Koedoe ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Community Classification ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Plant Community Classification ◽  
Southern Section

Classification, description and mapping of the vegetation of the Augrabies Falls National Park, Northern Cape, were initiated. The classification is intended to serve as a basis for the establishment of an efficient wildlife management programme as well as conservation policies for the Augrabies Falls National Park. Using the BBPC suite, according to Braun-Blanquet procedures to classify the vegetation of the southern section of the Augrabies Falls National Park, six major plant communities are recognised. A hierarchical plant community classification, description, ecological interpretation and a vegetation map are presented.

scholarly journals Artelleet al. (2018) miss the science underlying North American wildlife management

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. eaat8281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Mawdsley ◽  
John F. Organ ◽  
Daniel J. Decker ◽  
Ann B. Forstchen ◽  
Ronald J. Regan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Nature Of Science ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
North American ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Desk Review ◽  
Selection Of

Artelleet al. (2018) conclude that “hallmarks of science” are largely missing from North American wildlife management based on a desk review of selected hunting management plans and related documents found through Internet searches and email requests to state and provincial wildlife agencies. We highlight three fundamental problems that compromise the validity of the conclusions posited: missing information to support selection of “hallmarks of science,” confusion about the roles and nature of science and management, and failure to engage effectively with the scientists and managers actively managing wildlife populations in North America.

scholarly journals Efficient Node and Sensed Module Management for Multisensory Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Feng ◽  
Xiaozhu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Node Selection ◽  
Information Utility ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Selection Of

In target tracking wireless sensor networks, choosing a part of sensor nodes to execute tracking tasks and letting the other nodes sleep to save energy are efficient node management strategies. However, at present more and more sensor nodes carry many different types of sensed modules, and the existing researches on node selection are mainly focused on sensor nodes with a single sensed module. Few works involved the management and selection of the sensed modules for sensor nodes which have several multi-mode sensed modules. This work proposes an efficient node and sensed module management strategy, called ENSMM, for multisensory WSNs (wireless sensor networks). ENSMM considers not only node selection, but also the selection of the sensed modules for each node, and then the power management of sensor nodes is performed according to the selection results. Moreover, a joint weighted information utility measurement is proposed to estimate the information utility of the multiple sensed modules in the different nodes. Through extensive and realistic experiments, the results show that, ENSMM outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches by decreasing the energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime. Meanwhile, it reduces the computational complexity with guaranteeing the tracking accuracy.

scholarly journals Fungicide resistance characterised across seven chemical classes in a Botrytis cinerea population isolated from Australian vineyards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln A. Harper ◽  
Scott Paton ◽  
Barbara Hall ◽  
Suzanne McKay ◽  
Richard P. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fungicide Resistance ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractGray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is an economically important disease of grapes in Australia and across grape growing regions worldwide. Control of this disease relies heavily on canopy management and the application of single site fungicides. Fungicide application can lead to the selection of fungicide resistant B. cinerea populations, which has an adverse effect on the chemical control of the disease. Characterising the distribution and severity of resistant B. cinerea populations is needed to inform resistance management strategies. In this study, 725 isolates were sampled from 75 Australian vineyards during 2013 – 2016 and were screened against seven fungicides with different MOAs. The resistance frequencies for azoxystrobin, boscalid, fenhexamid, fludioxonil, iprodione, pyrimethanil and tebuconazole were 5, 2.8, 2.1, 6.2, 11.6, 7.7 and 2.9% respectively. Nearly half of the resistant isolates (43.7%) were resistant to more than one of the fungicides tested. The frequency of vineyards with at least one isolate simultaneously resistant to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 fungicides was 19.5, 7.8, 6.5, 10.4 and 2.6%.Resistance was associated with previously published genotypes in CytB (G143A), SdhB (H272R/Y), Erg27 (F412S), Mrr1 (D354Y), Os1 (I365S, N373S + Q369P, I365S + D757N) and Pos5 (P319A, L412F). Expression analysis was used to characterise fludioxonil resistant isolates exhibiting overexpression (6.3 - 9.6-fold) of the ABC transporter encoded by AtrB (MDR1 phenotype). Novel genotypes were also described in Mrr1 (S611N, D616G) and Cyp51 (P357S). Resistance frequencies were lower when compared to most previously published surveys of both grape and non-grape B. cinerea resistance. Nonetheless, continued monitoring of critical chemical groups used in Australian vineyards is recommended.

scholarly journals Prey species and prey selection of dholes at three different sites in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
KHWANRUTAI CHARASPET ◽  
Ronglarp - Sukmasuang ◽  
NORASET KHOEWSREE ◽  
MANANYA PLA-ARD ◽  
YUWALUK CHANACHAI
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Khao Yai National Park ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Charaspet K, Sukmasuang R, Khoewsree N, Pla-ard M, Chanachai Y. 2020. Prey species and prey selection of dholes at three different sites in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 5248-5262. The study of prey species and prey selection of Dholes at 3 different sites was conducted at Khao Yai National Park, Salak Pra, and Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries from 2013 to 2020. Information on Dhole prey at the sites was collected from the residues of dhole scats, from which the selection index, the relative biomass of the prey, and the relative amounts of the consumed prey were calculated. The data were collected simultaneously with the use of camera traps at each site. The study revealed that there were 13 species of Dhole prey with body weight over 5 kg. The result indicated that there were 7 species of even-toed ungulates. The relative biomass of even-toed ungulates ranged between 76.78 - 90.50% of the total biomass of all the Dholes’ consumed prey for all study sites. The dietary diversity index unveiled a similar index in all areas, which proved the adequacy of the analyzed scats. However, the Niche breadth index, which indicates the relevance of prey selection and prey species to the appearances of the prey at each site, was found to be high at Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Khao Yai National Park, while the index was found to be low at Salak Pra Wildlife Sanctuary. The results revealed that Dholes consumed viverrid species and Malayan porcupine more often at the site where there were large carnivores. The recommendation from this study was the conservation and restoration of the ungulate populations, the main prey, as it greatly affects the conservation of the Dhole populations in Thailand.  Grassland and salt lick sites, water sources improvements are also important to promote prey population. The conservation of wildlife prey by releasing them to nature, as currently conducted, has an effect on the increase of Dholes’ prey species.

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