scholarly journals Stage to Change Eating behavior and physical activity among adolescents with an excess body mass: impact on metabolic profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
Marciele Alves Bolognese ◽  
Danilo Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Josiane Aparecida Alves Bianchini ◽  
Rose Mari Benemmamm ◽  
Nelson Nardo Junior
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lower Body Weight

Introduction: Obesity in children and adolescents is usuallyrelated to metabolic alterations, and intervention programs are one of the strategies for the treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities. At the beginning of the intervention, the stages of readiness to change behavior indicate specific habits that the teenager plans to modify or not, and how long he or she intends to make the alterations. Objective: To assess the metabolic profile and their association with the stages of readiness to change eating habits and exercise behaviors in adolescents with overweight. Methods: Eighty-three adolescents with excess body weight underwent an assessment of anthropometric variables and metabolic profile (glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c, VLDL, triglycerides, insulin). Besides, the stages of readiness to change behaviors for “size and amount of portions,” “amount of fat in the diet,” fruits and vegetable consumption,” and “physical activity practice,” anthropometric variables and metabolic profile were compared according to the stages of change. Results: About “fruits and vegetable consumption,” adolescents in the Maintenance group presented lower body weight than those from Action and Preparation groups. The Action group presented higher body weight than group “Contemplation” and it showed higher non-HDL-cholesterol than the groups “Pre-contemplation” and “Preparation.” In “physical activity practice,” the Maintenance group presented lower body weight, Body Mass Index, and body fat (in kg) than Action, Preparation, and Contemplation groups. The alterations in HDL-cholesterol reduced as the stages of change progressed in the “physical activity practice” domain. Conclusion: The stages of readiness to change behaviors impact anthropometric and metabolic variables in adolescents with excess body weight, and it is a recommended instrument to monitor intervention programs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of excess body weight in university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dartagnan Pinto Guedes ◽  
André Luís dos Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
University Students ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Modifiable Factors

abstract – This study aimed to identify the prevalence of excess body weight in university students from a representative state in Brazil's southern region and establish associations with the demographic, university environment, and health behavior correlates. A random sample of 5,310 university students answered an online questionnaire with demographic, university environment, and eight health behavior data. Excess body weight was identified using the body mass index (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). The data were processed using bivariate analysis and hierarchical multiple regression. The overall prevalence of excess body weight exposure was equivalent to 39.1% [35.7-42.6], with significantly different rates between gender, age, and marital status. Likewise, housing type and study year showed significant associations with excess body weight. Among health behavior indicators, with control of all other variables involved in the model, depressive symptoms (p = 0.031), high stress (p = 0.045), sleep duration < 6 hours/night (p < 0.001), moderate-vigorous physical activity < 150 min/week (p = 0.022) and fruit/vegetable consumption < 5 servings per day (p < 0.001) were independently associated with the outcome. However, tobacco use, binge drinking, and prescription drug misuse did not remain in the adjusted multivariate model. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the importance of proposing and implementing multifaceted preventive intervention actions to prevent health outcomes related to excess body weight, once since significant associations with modifiable factors have been identified.

Abstract 15214: Commuting by Public Transportation is Associated With Lower Prevalence of Excess Body Weight, Hypertension, and Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisako Tsuji ◽  
Ichiro Shiojima
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Commuting Mode ◽  
Car Driving

Background: Physical activity reduces body weight and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). We examined associations of commuting mode with prevalence of excess body weight, hypertension and DM. Methods: We studied 16,397 subjects who had the annual health checkup offered to adult citizens of Moriguchi city, Osaka, Japan in 2012. The subjects were asked about their work (Is your work physically active, sedentary or "cannot say"?) and commuting mode (walking or cycling / bus or train / car driving). Odds ratios (OR) of prevalence of excess body weight (body mass index >25.0 kg/m 2 ), hypertension, and DM with 95% confidence intervals (CI) relative to the car driving group were calculated using logistic regression analyses adjusted for clinical variables. Results: There were 5,908 eligible workers. Characteristics of the subjects according to commuting mode are presented in the table. Compared to the car driving group, logistic regression analyses showed that the public transportation group had a significantly lower prevalence of excess body weight (OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.45 to 0.69, p<0.0001) after adjustment for basic covariates (age, sex, smoking status, hypercholesterolemia, and physical activity of work) and hypertension, a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension (OR=0.73, 95% CI=0.59 to 0.90, p=0.0035) after adjustment for basic covariates and excess body weight, and a significantly lower prevalence of DM (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.44 to 0.99, p=0.0427) after adjustment for basic covariates, hypertension, excess body weight, and family history of DM. Conclusions: The use of public transportation was associated with lower prevalence of excess body weight, hypertension, and DM.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Nantel ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
François Prince
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Relative Energy ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Musculoskeletal Structure ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact

Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB on motor function and daily living activities must be taken into account. OW and OB are associated with musculoskeletal structure changes, decreased mobility, modification of the gait pattern, and changes in the absolute and relative energy expenditures for a given activity. While changes in the gait pattern have been reported at the ankle, knee, and hip, modifications at the knee level might be the most challenging for articular integrity. This review of the literature combines concepts and aims to provide insights into the prescription of physical activity for this population. Topics covered include the repercussions of OW and OB on biomechanical and physiological responses associated with the musculoskeletal system and daily physical activity. Special attention is given to the effect of OW and OB in youth during postural (standing) and various locomotor (walking, running, and cycling) activities.

scholarly journals Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Mohamad Motevalli ◽  
Clemens Drenowatz ◽  
Derrick R. Tanous ◽  
Naim Akhtar Khan ◽  
Katharina Wirnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Personalized Intervention

As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.

scholarly journals Stages of Change in Physical Activity and Neighborhood Walkability Among Older Adults living in the Urban Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 621-622
Author(s):  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Jennifer Blackwood ◽  
Noah Webster ◽  
Shailee Shah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Insufficient physical activity (PA) is considered an independent risk factor for chronic diseases. Although older adults living in lower-income areas often experience obstacles to walking locally, few studies have compared their walking experiences and the degree of readiness to change on engaging in PA. The purpose of this study was to compare perceptions of neighborhood walkability by the stages of change among older adults living in a lower-income community. Participants were recruited in 2018 at a regional health clinic in Flint, MI. To be eligible, participants had to be over 65 years old and Flint residents. Of the 132 participants, the mean age was 69.74 (SD=5.00) years old. The majority of respondents were female (66%); African American (77%); single, divorced, or widowed (75%); and educated below a GED level (84%). The results showed that older adults at the pre-contemplation/contemplation stage (PC/C) were less likely to perceive the availability of sidewalks on most streets and more likely to complain about much traffic along the street than those at the action/maintenance stage (A/M) (p&lt;0.05). After controlling for covariates, multiple regression analysis showed that those at PC/C were less likely to state that their neighborhoods were accessible (β = .17*) and to perceive the presence of walking hazard (e.g., lack of sidewalks) (β = -.17*). Those who engaged in PA less than 30 minutes per day perceived the neighborhoods were accessible (β = .23*). Findings suggest that it is essential to develop friendly support systems and accommodations to encourage walking in lower-income communities.

SELF-ESTEEM OF THE EATING BEHAVIOR BY THE STUDENT PHARMACEUTICAL YOUTH FROM THE VIEW OFTHE EXCESS BODY WEIGHT AND OBESITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1680-1686
Author(s):  
Liana M. Unhurian ◽  
Bohdan P. Hromovyk ◽  
Oksana R. Levytska ◽  
Oksana I. Bielyaieva ◽  
Olena O. Aleksandrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Poor Nutrition

The aim: The purpose of the research is to study the understanding of student pharmaceutical youth the eating behavior in the context of the EBW and obesity. Materials and methods: The material of the study was anonymous questionnaire survey the students of the pharmaceutical faculties from Ukraine. Results: The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using methods of statistics, comparison and generalization. Almost 9 out of 10 respondents from both universities consider the reason of obesity a sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition, and the most effective way to treat it is physical activity, though only 36.3% and 28.4% of students of the corresponding samples have it constantly. Conclusions: The questionnaire showed a lack of eating behavior, of their knowledge of the basic issues of the EBW and obesity, as well as differences in personal perception and the desire for the practical implementation of queries regarding the weight of their body that may further affect the professional ability of young specialists in influencing the processes of formation and improving the quality of their lives and patients’ lives.

1728 EXCESS BODY WEIGHT, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND URINARY SYMPTOMS IN OLDER MEN

2011 ◽  
Vol 185 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kellogg Parsons ◽  
Karen Messer ◽  
Martha White ◽  
Elizabeth Barrett-Connor ◽  
Douglas Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Urinary Symptoms ◽  
Excess Body Weight

scholarly journals Do Health Professionals Sufficiently Address Patients’ Disposition Toward Changing Their Nutritional and Physical Activity Habits? Findings from a Pilot Study among People with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Italy

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 524
Author(s):  
Heike Wieser ◽  
Fabio Vittadello ◽  
Evi Comploj ◽  
Harald Stummer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Maintenance Stage

The aim of our study was to evaluate the disposition of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) toward changing their nutritional and physical activity habits and associated factors—particularly their perceptions about interacting and communicating with four health professions. Working with a local patients’ association, we invited 364 individuals with DM2, all at least 18 years old, to complete a paper-based survey with questions addressing their experiences of interacting and communicating with general practitioners, nurses, dieticians and diabetologists and about their readiness to change targeted habits, their health literacy and their clinical status. Of the 109 questionnaires collected, 100 were eligible for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Regarding nutritional habits, the highest percentage of participants were at the maintenance stage (26%), whereas regarding physical activity habits the highest percentage of participants were at the preparation stage (31%). Significant differences between the habits emerged for four of the five stages and for two psychological processes. The precontemplation stage was most associated with communication-related variables, whereas the maintenance stage was associated with higher health literacy for both habits, and waist-to-height ratio was associated with several stages of change and psychological processes for physical activity habits. Considering aggregated stages (i.e., active or passive stage), significant differences were observed for all psychological processes except readiness to change nutritional habits. Logistic regression analysis revealed associations of the active stage with higher self-efficacy and lower discrepancy processes for both habits. Nutritional habits were associated with normal HbA1c values and physical activity habits with high cholesterol. Understanding the combination of the stages of change and how they relate to psychological processes can afford meaningful insights into the potential internal and external communication skills of health professions and should be examined as possible elements for a patient evaluation model.

scholarly journals Fit into College: A Program to Improve Physical Activity and Dietary Intake Lifestyles among College Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Topp ◽  
Jean S. Edward ◽  
S. Lee Ridner ◽  
Dean E. Jacks ◽  
Karen Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
College Freshmen ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Health Related

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a 10-week program could improve physical activity, physical fitness, body weight, dietary intake, and perceptions of exercise and diet among college 30 healthy college freshmen. Outcomes were measured at baseline, and following the 10-week program. The weekly sessions incorporated constructs of the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change and were administered by fitness interns who were junior or senior college students enrolled in health-related majors. The participants presented with low physical activity, physical fitness, and poor dietary intake, and 50% were overweight/obese (BMI > 25). Participants demonstrated gains in their physical fitness and their perceived benefits to engaging in exercise and decreased their perceived barriers to engaging in exercise and a healthy diet. College freshmen presented with low levels of physical activity, poor dietary intake, and excess body weight. A peer-administered program can improve these measures and favorably change perceptions of exercise and diet.

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