scholarly journals The Impact of Cluster-Type Risk Factors on Adverse Clinical Prognosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Secondary Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
In Ae Uhm ◽  
Seon Young Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Cluster Type ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley ◽  
Paul Poirier ◽  
Lora E. Burke ◽  
Jean-Pierre Després ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact

The global obesity epidemic is well established, with increases in obesity prevalence for most countries since the 1980s. Obesity contributes directly to incident cardiovascular risk factors, including dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and sleep disorders. Obesity also leads to the development of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease mortality independently of other cardiovascular risk factors. More recent data highlight abdominal obesity, as determined by waist circumference, as a cardiovascular disease risk marker that is independent of body mass index. There have also been significant advances in imaging modalities for characterizing body composition, including visceral adiposity. Studies that quantify fat depots, including ectopic fat, support excess visceral adiposity as an independent indicator of poor cardiovascular outcomes. Lifestyle modification and subsequent weight loss improve both metabolic syndrome and associated systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. However, clinical trials of medical weight loss have not demonstrated a reduction in coronary artery disease rates. In contrast, prospective studies comparing patients undergoing bariatric surgery with nonsurgical patients with obesity have shown reduced coronary artery disease risk with surgery. In this statement, we summarize the impact of obesity on the diagnosis, clinical management, and outcomes of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias, especially sudden cardiac death and atrial fibrillation. In particular, we examine the influence of obesity on noninvasive and invasive diagnostic procedures for coronary artery disease. Moreover, we review the impact of obesity on cardiac function and outcomes related to heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Finally, we describe the effects of lifestyle and surgical weight loss interventions on outcomes related to coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.

scholarly journals Unique and Varied Contributions of Traditional CVD Risk Factors: A Systematic Literature Review of CAD Risk Factors in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. CMC.S10225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Foody ◽  
Yong Huo ◽  
Linong Ji ◽  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Dylan Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Real World ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cad Risk

This study is the first systematic review of risk factors for stroke in China and supports the importance of current public health initiatives to manage the risk factors appropriately to reduce risk of stroke in high risk patients. Additionally, this study has been co-authored by prominent Chinese and US physicians and researchers with expertise in cardiovascular disease, neurologic disorders, epidemiology, and real world data. While there have been several systematic reviews of real world associations of risk factors for coronary artery disease, none focus specifically on the population of China, where there is growing evidence that such risk factors are poorly treated or uncontrolled, especially in rural areas. Background To better understand the impact of traditional cardiovascular risk factors on risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in China, a systematic review of all Chinese observational studies published in either English or Chinese in MEDLINE and EMBASE over the last 5 years was performed and the association between any of 5 traditional risk factors (ie, hypertension, diabetes, elevated lipid levels, obesity, and smoking) and the risk of CAD was studied. Methods and Results The study found a consistent relationship between lipid levels and CAD. Higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values were associated with greater risk of CAD, with an odds ratio as high as 3.31. Other factors found to be significant contributors to the risk of CAD included hypertension (crude odds ratio range of 1.40-5.11), diabetes (1.50-5.97), and smoking (1.37-5.19). An association between obesity and CAD in China was observed, but the evidence supporting this was considered weak due to the paucity of studies found as part of this review. Conclusions This review provides a systematic summary of CAD risk factors in China and demonstrates the important differences that exist in CAD risk factors between countries and regions. Approaches to reduce CAD globally must take into account the unique risk factors that drive CAD in each country and region as is demonstrated by these findings.

The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on subclinical left main coronary artery disease: An intravascular ultrasound study

2006 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 693.e7-693.e12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Wook Kim ◽  
Gary S. Mintz ◽  
Esteban Escolar ◽  
Patrick Ohlmann ◽  
Jerzy Pregowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Main Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Main ◽  
Main Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Ultrasound Study ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Convergence of biomarkers and risk factor trait loci of coronary artery disease at 3p21.31 and HLA region

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Nikpay ◽  
Ruth McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cad Risk

AbstractHere we seek to identify molecular biomarkers that mediate the effect of risk factors on coronary artery disease (CAD). We perform a SNP-based multiomics data analysis to find biomarkers (probes) causally associated with the risk of CAD within known genomic loci for its risk factors. We identify 78 biomarkers, the majority (64%) of which are methylation probes. We detect the convergence of several CNS and lifestyle trait loci and their biomarkers at the 3p21.31 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) regions. The 3p21.31 locus was the most populated region in the convergence of biomarkers and risk factors. In this region, we noted as the BSN gene becomes methylated the level of stomatin (STOM) in blood increases and this contributes to higher risk of CAD. In the HLA locus, we identify several methylation biomarkers associated with various CAD risk factors. SNPs in the CFB gene display a trans-regulatory impact on the GRIA4 protein level. A methylation site upstream of the APOE gene is associated with a higher protein level of S100A13 which in turn leads to higher LDL-C and greater CAD risk. We find UHRF1BP1 and ILRUN mediate the effect of obesity on CAD whereas methylation sites within NOS3 and CKM mediate the effect of their associated-risk factors on CAD. This study provides further insight into the biology of CAD and identifies a list of biomarkers that mediate the impact of risk factors on CAD. A SNP-based initiative can unite data from various fields of omics into a single network of knowledge.

scholarly journals Multiomics Screening Identifies Molecular Biomarkers Causally Associated With the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Nikpay ◽  
Sebastien Soubeyrand ◽  
Rasool Tahmasbi ◽  
Ruth McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Molecular Biomarkers ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Functional Mechanisms

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate functional mechanisms underlying coronary artery disease (CAD) loci and find molecular biomarkers for CAD. Methods: We devised a multiomics data analysis approach based on Mendelian randomization and utilized it to search for molecular biomarkers causally associated with the risk of CAD within genomic regions known to be associated with CAD. Results: Through our CAD-centered multiomics data analysis approach, we identified 33 molecular biomarkers (probes) that were causally associated with the risk of CAD. The majority of these (N=19) were methylation probes; moreover, methylation was often behind the causal effect of expression/protein probes. We identified a number of novel loci that have a causal impact on CAD including C5orf38 , SF3A3 , DHX36 , and MRPL33 . Furthermore, by integrating the risk factors of CAD in our analysis, we were able to investigate the clinical pathways whereby several of our probes exert their effect. We found that the SELE protein level in the blood is under the trans-regulatory impact of methylation sites within the ABO gene and that SELE exerts its effect on CAD through immune, glycemic, and lipid metabolism, making it a candidate of interest for therapeutic interventions. We found the methylation site, cg05126514 within the BSN gene exert its effect on CAD through central nervous system-lifestyle risk factors. Finally, genes with a transcriptional regulatory role ( SF3A3 , ILF3 , and N4BP2L2 ) exert their effect on CAD through height. Conclusions: We demonstrate that multiomics data analysis is a powerful approach to unravel the functional mechanisms underlying CAD loci and to identify novel molecular biomarkers. Our results indicate epigenetic modifications are important in the pathogenesis of CAD and identifying and targeting these sites is of potential therapeutic interest to address the detrimental effects of both environmental and genetic factors.

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