scholarly journals The Rejection of Men’s Exploitation by Fellow Men: A Literary Approach in Les Bouts De Bois De Dieu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Wole Olugunle
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
African Society ◽  
Literary Creation ◽  
Social Alienation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Total Freedom ◽  
African Writers

The scramble for the partitioning of Africa during the Berlin Conference of 1884-85 in Germany created the ground for the colonialists to make Africans the victims of social alienation and mental dehumanization during that era of colonialism. Thus, African writers that flayed these social and economic vices armed themselves with different approaches both theoretically and stylistically, for the purpose of engagement littéraire. Reading the Senegalese Sembène Ousmane’s Les Bouts de Bois de Dieu (1960), published few days after the independence of most of the African countries, this paper extrapolates the writer as a Marxist, with the prevalence of Marxist tendencies in his literary creation. The paper seeks to establish the fact that women too could be relevant in the nation’s building as they play pivotal roles in the rejection of men’s exploitation by fellow men from the perspective of Marxist Theory. With the methodology of textual analysis, the paper gives the synopsis of the novel before the theoretical approach adopted, the Marxist Theory. This is followed by the Marxist deconstruction of the novel on the rejection of men’s exploitation by men which also sees the women complementarities of men in the modern African society. The paper concludes by recommending how the oppressed could gain a total freedom from the oppressors.

The Representation of Women in Kenneth Bhengu’s Novel Ukadebona: Iqhawe leNkosi

Imbizo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mlungisi Phakathi
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
African Literature ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
African Society ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
South African Literature ◽  
Biographical Account ◽  
African Writers ◽  
The One

This article analyses the representation of women in the novel Ukadebona: Iqhawe leNkosi (Kadebona: The King’s Hero) by Kenneth Bhengu. The novel was written in 1958 at the height of apartheid and is set in an African society in the post-Impi yaseSandlwana era (post-Battle of Isandlwana era). The story is a biographical account by the protagonist, Kadebona, of his heroics and how fate thrust him into situations of both danger and opportunity. In analysing the novel both discourse analysis and thematic analysis are used.  This article argues that women’s representation in the novel is ambivalent in that the author highlights both positive and negative characteristics of women. On the one hand, the author holds stereotypes about women such as those of other African writers, for example that they are weak, too sensitive, vulnerable and helpless. On the other hand, the author also represents women as deserving of love, as steadfast and as beings who must be protected from violence. The implication of these findings is that in Ukadebona: Iqhawe leNkosi women are not represented as equal to men. This differs from the current discourse of rights which advocates the equality of women and men. Also, the analysis is important because it highlights the literary work of Kenneth Bhengu whose literary contributions are largely unrecognised in South African literature.

Hypertextuality and the Economic Novel in Zimbabwe

Matatu ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-415
Author(s):  
Maurice Taonezvi Vambe
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Narrative Style ◽  
Great Ease ◽  
New Type ◽  
Novelistic Form ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract Recent surges and advances in the popular use of electronic technology such as Internet, email, iPad, iPhone, and touch-screens in Africa have opened up great communicative possibilities among ordinary people whose voices were previously marginalized in traditional elitist media. People far apart geographically and living in different times can communicate rapidly and with great ease. This technological revolution has challenged and broken down boundaries of dependence on television, newspapers, and novels, the traditional forms of communication. It is now possible to upload a novel onto an iPad and read it as one moves from place to place. The burden of carrying hard copies is relieved but not eradicated; in most African countries, including Zimbabwe (the centre of focus in the present article), the creative work of art or hard copy of a novel is still relied upon as source of information. There are creative, experimental innovations in the novel form in Zimbabwe which to some extent can justify one’s speaking of a hypertextual novel. This new type of novel incorporates multiple narratives, and sometimes deliberately uses genres such as the email form as a constitutive narrative style that confirms as well as destabilizes previous assumptions of single coherent stories told from one point of view. Using the concepts of hypertextuality, intertextuality, and Bakhtin’s notions of carnivalesque and heteroglossia in speech and written utterances, this article reconsiders the implications of the presence of ideologies of hypertextuality in one novel from Zimbabwe, Nyaradzo Mtizira’s The Chimurenga Protocol (2008). The article argues that the multiplicity of narratives constitutes the hypertextual dimension of the novelistic form.

scholarly journals Garbage Out: Space, Place, and Neo-imperial Anti-development in Gioconda Belli’s Waslala

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott DeVries
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Central American ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Environmental Injustice ◽  
Gioconda Belli ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
La Selva

Gioconda Belli’s Waslala criticizes the concept of “anti-developmental neo-imperialism”: the novel’s fictional Central American nation's development is cancelled by a form of neo-imperial conservation that forces the preservation of rainforest to supply breathable air to oxygen-starved nations that will cut off electrical power for non-compliance. The theoretical approach engages with the idea of a global expansion of the sense of place, but I argue that the novel rejects this notion when it comes down to an “anti-developmental neo-imperialist” political ecology of forced conservationism that is as guilty of environmental injustice as the ecological practices it seeks to prevent.ResumenWaslala de Gioconda Belli critica el concepto de “neo-imperialismo anti-evolutivo”: el desarrollo de la nación ficticia centroamericana de la novela se ve cancelada por  un tipo de conservación neo-imperial que obliga a conservar la selva tropical para proporcionar aire respirable a las naciones hambrientas de oxígeno que cortarán la energía eléctrica si no hay conformidad. El enfoque teórico se relaciona con la idea de una expansión global del sentido del lugar, pero yo alego que la novela rechaza esta noción cuando es cuestión de es una ecología política “neo-imperialista anti-evolutiva” de conservacionismo forzado, que es tan culpable de la injusticia medioambiental como las prácticas ecológicas que busca prevenir.

scholarly journals Functional dedifferentiation of the brain during healthy aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1282
Author(s):  
Divyangana Rakesh ◽  
Kavisha B. Fernando ◽  
Sina Mansour L.
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Functional Specialization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Graph Theoretical Approach ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Brain

Nonpathological aging is associated with significant cognitive deficits. Thus, the underlying neurobiology of aging-associated cognitive decline warrants investigation. In a recent study, Chong et al. (Chong JSX, Ng KK, Tandi J, Wang C, Poh J-H, Lo JC, Chee MWL, Zhou JH. J Neurosci 39: 5534–5550, 2019) provided insights into the association between cognitive decline and the loss of functional specialization in the brains of older adults. Here, we introduce the novel graph theoretical approach utilized and discuss the significance of their findings and broader implications on aging. We also provide alternate perspectives of their findings and suggest directions for future work.

scholarly journals The novel solution of ball valve with replaceable orifice. Numerical and field tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Romanik ◽  
Janusz Rogula
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractThe article presents the results of numerical calculations and experimental results of a flow through the orifice. Such a measuring device was built-into the ball valve that gave unique possibility of the orifice exchange without the pipeline disassemble. The advantages of using the prototypical solution has been described. This patented solution has been tested extensively for the durability and tightness. The article contains comparison between flow character in the case of single-hole orifice and a multi-nozzle one. The prototypical measuring device has been produced and assembled in compressed air system in the Power Plant Opole, that gave experimental verification of theoretical approach.

Bourgeois Politics and Ideology in Vincent Egbuson’s Womandela

Matatu ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
DELE BAMIDELE ◽  
SUNDAY VICTOR AKWU
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
African Writer ◽  
African Writers ◽  
The Masses ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Coups D'etat

With few exceptions, African countries have suffered perennial bad governance, bloody civil wars, and coups-d’état. The continent suffocates in the grip of political elites and military juntas. Capitalism as an economic system empowers a few who lord it over the weak majority. The ruling class also contributes to the suffering of the masses by flagrantly looting the nation’s treasury and flaunting it while the majority of the populace wallow in abject poverty. African writers problematize and diagnose this scenario and the Weltschmerz bedevilling African socio-political life, in a bid to offering lasting solutions, in the process experimenting with ‘home-made’ as well as ‘imported’ ideologies in the struggle for the African utopia. Vincent Egbuson, a ‘new-generation’ African writer, is indubitably a committed writer. In confronting the African socio-political malady in Womandela, he has adopted divergent ideologies to sharpen his social vision. The purpose of this study is, accordingly, to scrutinize the ideological bent of Egbuson’s novel and to determine its efficacy against the backdrop of the socio-political reality of contemporary Africa.

Ethics, Politics and the Potential of Dialogism

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Brandist
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Power And Resistance ◽  
Russian Edition ◽  
Raymond Williams ◽  
Problematic Area ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Marxist Tradition

AbstractWhen, in the early 1980s the ideas of post-structuralism seemed rampant within academic critical theory, the appearance of the flawed English translation of Mikhail Bakhtin's central essays on the novel seemed to offer a very promising alternative perspective.1 Bakhtin's model of discursive relations promised to guard the specificity of discourse from being obscured by a web of determinations, while allowing the development of an account of the operations of power and resistance in discourse that could avoid the nullity of Derrida's hors-texte and the irresponsible semiotic hedonism of the later Barthes. Marxist theorists such as Raymond Williams, Terry Eagleton and Allon White immediately and effectively seized upon the translated work of the Bakhtin circle to bolster their arguments, but, as translations of the earlier and later philosophical material appeared, it became apparent that the relationship between work of the circle and the Marxist tradition was very problematic. With this, the American anti-Marxist Slavists – some of whom had been responsible for certain of these translations – moved onto the offensive, arguing that Bakhtin's work was fundamentally incompatible with, and in principle hostile to, Marxism. Occasionally, they went further, arguing that Bakhtin was quite unconcerned with politics and questions of power, being an ethical, or even a religious philosopher before all else. The Americans did have a point. Bakhtin certainly was not a Marxist and the Marxism of some of his early colleagues and collaborators was of a rather peculiar sort. Furthermore, the key problematic area was indeed Bakhtin's ethics which, it became ever more apparent, underlies his most critically astute and productive work and serves to blunt its political edge. Important points of contact between the work of the Bakhtin circle and Marxist theory do persist, however, as Ken Hirschkop and Michael Gardiner, among others, have continued to register. In this article, examining some of the sources of Bakhtin's philosophy, which have only just been revealed in the new Russian edition of his work, we shall analyse the features of Bakhtin's ethics that stifle the political potential of dialogic criticism, and we will suggest ways in which that potential may be liberated.

Women and the Rise of the Novel: A Feminist-Marxist Theory

Signs ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Novel

scholarly journals Analyzing Interpersonal Metafunction through Mood and Modality in Kaine Agary’s Yellow-Yellow from Critical Discourse and Womanist Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Léonard A. Koussouhon ◽  
Ashani M. Dossoumou
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Male Character ◽  
African Society ◽  
Meaning Analysis

<p>The aim of this paper is to analyze mood, epistemic and deontic modality patterns in an extract culled from <em>Yellow-Yellow</em> (2006) by one of the Nigerian new millennium female writer, Kaine Agary. The findings data revealed by the interpersonal meaning analysis are discussed against the backdrop of critical discourse analysis and womanist theory. The discussion contended that, despite the blend of monologic and dialogic organization of the novel, Kaine Agary has tried to portray the sociological schisms making up the daily life of young girls in the oil-resourced region of Nigeria. More importantly, the authoress has shown women’s determination and commitment to support Zilayefa to succeed in achieving good results in education while the major male character goes against this developmental stream flow by impregnating her. The mood and modality choices operated show some kind of power and hierarchy relations and conflicting ideologies between Sisi, Lolo, Zilayefa and Admiral. The discursive interpretation eventually found out that the interpersonal meaning description and critical discussion can properly work together towards achieving consensus. It is agreed that the hidden authorial ideology behind Kaine Agary’s fictional text is geared towards a pro-women social change for a more balanced African society. This is, of course, the gist priorities and great topical issues calling for urgent response at this time.</p>

scholarly journals Strengthening human genetics research in Africa: report of the 9th meeting of the African Society of Human Genetics in Dakar in May 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ndiaye Diallo ◽  
M. Gadji ◽  
B. J. Hennig ◽  
M. V. Guèye ◽  
A. Gaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Genetics ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Society ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Genetics Research ◽  
Human Heredity ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
The Usa

The 9th meeting of the African Society of Human Genetics, in partnership with the Senegalese Cancer Research and Study Group and the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Consortium, was held in Dakar, Senegal. The theme was Strengthening Human Genetics Research in Africa. The 210 delegates came from 21 African countries and from France, Switzerland, UK, UAE, Canada and the USA. The goal was to highlight genetic and genomic science across the African continent with the ultimate goal of improving the health of Africans and those across the globe, and to promote the careers of young African scientists in the field. A session on the sustainability of genomic research in Africa brought to light innovative and practical approaches to supporting research in resource-limited settings and the importance of promoting genetics in academic, research funding, governmental and private sectors. This meeting led to the formation of the Senegalese Society for Human Genetics.

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