scholarly journals Comparative plastomics of Amaryllidaceae: inverted repeat expansion and the degradation of the ndh genes in Strumaria truncata Jacq.

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12400
Author(s):  
Kálmán Könyves ◽  
Jordan Bilsborrow ◽  
Maria D. Christodoulou ◽  
Alastair Culham ◽  
John David
Keyword(s):  
Gene Loss ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ndh Genes ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
Similar Gene

Amaryllidaceae is a widespread and distinctive plant family contributing both food and ornamental plants. Here we present an initial survey of plastomes across the family and report on both structural rearrangements and gene losses. Most plastomes in the family are of similar gene arrangement and content however some taxa have shown gains in plastome length while in several taxa there is evidence of gene loss. Strumaria truncata shows a substantial loss of ndh family genes while three other taxa show loss of cemA, which has been reported only rarely. Our sparse sampling of the family has detected sufficient variation to suggest further sampling across the family could be a rich source of new information on plastome variation and evolution.

scholarly journals Comparative plastomics of Amaryllidaceae: Inverted repeat expansion and the degradation of the ndh genes in Strumaria truncata Jacq.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalman Konyves ◽  
Jordan Bilsborrow ◽  
Maria D Christodoulou ◽  
Alastair Culham ◽  
John David
Keyword(s):  
Gene Loss ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ndh Genes ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
Similar Gene

Amaryllidaceae is a widespread and distinctive plant family contributing both food and ornamental plants. Here we present an initial survey of plastomes across the family and report on both structural rearrangements and gene losses. Most plastomes in the family are of similar gene arrangement and content however some taxa have shown gains in plastome length while in several taxa there is evidence of gene loss. Strumaria truncata shows a substantial loss of ndh family genes while three other taxa show loss of cemA, which has been reported only rarely. Our sparse sampling of the family has detected sufficient variation to suggest further sampling across the family could be a rich source of new information on plastome variation and evolution.

scholarly journals Sinonasal FUS-ERG-Rearranged Ewing’s Sarcoma Mimicking Glomangiopericytoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1393-1396
Author(s):  
Maggie Zhou ◽  
Yen Chen Kevin Ko ◽  
Gregory W. Charville ◽  
Kristen N. Ganjoo
Keyword(s):  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blue Cell ◽  
Aggressive Tumor ◽  
Membranous Staining

Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare and aggressive tumor that typically arises in the long bones of the extremities. It belongs in the family of small round blue cell tumors and is characterized immunohistochemically by diffuse CD99 expression and molecularly by one of several oncogenic translocations, most commonly t(11;22)(q24;q12) between the <i>EWSR1</i> gene and the <i>FLI1</i> gene. Here we present a rare case of Ewing’s sarcoma in the sinonasal tract with <i>FUS-ERG</i> gene arrangement that was regarded for almost a decade as a sinonasal-type hemangiopericytoma (glomangiopericytoma). This case illustrates the surprisingly prolonged natural history of Ewing’s sarcoma that did not receive therapy for many years and the importance of considering alternative genetic translocations. Our experience suggests that the presence of diffuse CD99 membranous staining pattern in a small blue round cell tumor with morphology typical for Ewing’s sarcoma but FISH negative for <i>EWSR1</i> rearrangement should prompt consideration of <i>FUS-ERG</i> fusion.

scholarly journals Using Oxidative Electrodes to Enrich Novel Members in the Desulfobulbaceae Family from Intertidal Sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Cheng Li ◽  
Clare E. Reimers ◽  
Yvan Alleau
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Intertidal Sediments ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
New Information ◽  
Successful Isolation ◽  
Water Columns ◽  
The Family ◽  
Microbial Community Analyses ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Members in the family of Desulfobulbaceae may be influential in various anaerobic microbial communities, including those in anoxic aquatic sediments and water columns, and within wastewater treatment facilities and bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs). However, the diversity and roles of the Desulfobulbaceae in these communities have received little attention, and large portions of this family remain uncultured. Here we expand on findings from an earlier study (Li, Reimers, and Alleau, 2020) to more fully characterize Desulfobulbaceae that became prevalent in biofilms on oxidative electrodes of bioelectrochemical reactors. After incubations, DNA extraction, microbial community analyses, and microscopic examination, we found that a group of uncultured Desulfobulbaceae were greatly enriched on electrode surfaces. These Desulfobulbaceae appeared to form filaments with morphological features ascribed to cable bacteria, but the majority were taxonomically distinct from recognized cable bacteria genera. Thus, the present study provides new information about a group of Desulfobulbaceae that can exhibit filamentous morphologies and respire on the oxidative electrodes. While the phylogeny of cable bacteria is still being defined and updated, further enriching these members can contribute to the overall understanding of cable bacteria and may also lead to identification of successful isolation strategies.

scholarly journals Morpho-Anatomical Analysis of Cosmostigma racemosum (Asclepiadoideae) Flowers

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Mohamad Amin ◽  
Mimien Henie Irawati Al-Muhdar ◽  
Muhammad Ja’far Luthfi
Keyword(s):  
Anther Wall ◽  
Plant Systematics ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Original Distribution ◽  
New Information ◽  
Staminal Tube ◽  
The Family ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

<em>Cosmostigma racemosum</em> is a plant species belonging to the family Apocynaceae, the subfamily Asclepiadoideae. <em>Cosmostigma racemosum </em>is found in Nglanggeran Mountain Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The local name and its original distribution are not known. Information or study of <em>Cosmostigma racemosum</em> in Indonesia is not available. Comprehensive characterization of this species is important for authentication and addition of data base. Characterization was conducted by analyzing the morphology and anatomy of flower. The objectives of this study were to describe and analyze the morphology and anatomy of <em>C. racemosum</em> flowers.  The method of research was based on observation method and exploration of plant systematics evidence or taxonomy evidence, including analyses and description of morphology and anatomy of flower structure and its development.  The results showed that the characteristics of flower morphology are in accordance with the existing description in literatures. Characteristics of pollinia are specific characters of morphological aspect of flower. Data of anatomy of flower and its parts development are the new ones which confirm the position of <em>C.racemosum</em> as a member of the tribe Marsdenieae. The data of anatomy also show new information of the ontogeny of the important parts of flower: pollinia formation, pollinia corpusculum, anther wall, anther sac, stigma, stamen, staminal tube, stigmatic chamber, and structure of ovary in Asclepiadoideae

scholarly journals Non-indigenous scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China: A survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trencheva ◽  
G. Trenchev ◽  
R. Tomov ◽  
S.-A. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family

A preliminary list of non-indigenous scale insect species on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China is presented. The sampling was done between April and November, 2009, in the framework of the project “Invasive scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China”. The insects were collected in nurseries, parks, gardens, botanical collections and greenhouses. Representatives from four families have been identified in Bulgaria, the most numerous of which are the Diaspididae (eight species), Coccidae (four species), Pseudococcidae (two species) and Margarodidae (one species). Three species of non-indigenous scale insects associated with ornamental plants were collected in China, all belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. A list of alien scale insect species on ornamental plants is given, including the sampling sites, host plants on which they were found, origin and first report in both countries.

Decoding ice plants: challenges associated with barcoding and phylogenetics in the diverse succulent family Aizoaceae

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 815-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn F. Powell ◽  
Anthony R. Magee ◽  
James S. Boatwright
Keyword(s):  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Relative Percentage ◽  
Barcoding Gap ◽  
Succulent Plant ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Data Deficient

Aizoaceae is the largest succulent plant family in the world, including in excess of 1800 species. Despite its richness, a large proportion of its taxa are listed as data deficient and as such, has been identified as the top priority for taxonomic research in South Africa. Limitations to accurate taxonomic identification of taxa in the family may be partly attributed to the degree of technical knowledge required to identify taxa in the Aizoaceae. DNA barcoding may provide an alternative method of identification; however, the suitability of commonly used gene regions has not been tested in the family. Here, we analyse variable and parsimony informative characters (PIC), as well as the barcoding gap, in commonly used plastid regions (atpB-rbcL, matK, psbA-trnH, psbJ-petA, rpl16, rps16, trnD-trnT, trnL-trnF, trnQ-rps16, and trnS-trnG) and the nuclear region ITS (for Aizooideae only) across two subfamilies and two expanded clades within the Aizoaceae. The relative percentage of PIC was much greater in subfamilies Aizooideae and Mesembryanthemoideae than in Ruschioideae. Although nrITS had the highest percentage of PIC, barcoding gap analyses identified neither ITS nor any chloroplast region as suitable for barcoding of the family. From the results, it is evident that novel barcoding regions need to be explored within the Aizoaceae.

scholarly journals Pyricularia Leaf Spot: A New Disease of Ornamental Plants of the Family Marantaceae

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanassios C. Pappas ◽  
Epaminondas J. Paplomatas
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
The Family ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Severe Leaf

A severe leaf spot disease incited by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae was identified on Ctenanthe oppenheimiana and C. setosa “Greystar.” Primary symptoms on young leaves consisted of individual circular to slightly irregular pinpoint spots with white necrotic centers zonated by narrow brown-yellow halos. On mature leaves, extended necrotic areas resembling those caused by phytotoxicity were formed. Artificially inoculated leaves with a spore suspension of the isolated fungus from the above case showed symptoms after 3 to 4 days' incubation at 25°C and high humidity. Fungal isolates obtained from Ctenanthe plants of Brazilian origin were found to be highly pathogenic on various plants within the family Marantaceae when they were tested by an excised leaf assay method. By contrast, P. oryzae isolates obtained from rice plants grown in Greece caused either hypersensitivity or immune response symptoms in various Marantaceae. Analysis of esterase and lactate dehydrogenase isozymes showed different banding patterns for rice and Ctenanthe isolates of P. oryzae. Conditions of prolonged leaf wetness combined with prevailing high temperature and humidity favored the epidemic appearance of the Pyricularia leaf spot disease on glasshouse-grown plants during the summer months of 1995 in Greece.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of Active and Inactive Bacteria in the Gut Flora of Wood-Feeding Huhu Beetle Larvae (Prionoplus reticularis)

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (19) ◽  
pp. 7000-7006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola M. Reid ◽  
Sarah L. Addison ◽  
Lucy J. Macdonald ◽  
Gareth Lloyd-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
New Information ◽  
Related Organism ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Symbionts ◽  
Derived Data

ABSTRACTHuhu grubs (Prionoplus reticularis) are wood-feeding beetle larvae endemic to New Zealand and belonging to the family Cerambycidae. Compared to the wood-feeding lower termites, very little is known about the diversity and activity of microorganisms associated with xylophagous cerambycid larvae. To address this, we used pyrosequencing to evaluate the diversity of metabolically active and inactive bacteria in the huhu larval gut. Our estimate, that the gut harbors at least 1,800 phylotypes, is based on 33,420 sequences amplified from genomic DNA and reverse-transcribed RNA. Analysis of genomic DNA- and RNA-derived data sets revealed that 71% of all phylotypes (representing 95% of all sequences) were metabolically active. Rare phylotypes contributed considerably to the richness of the community and were also largely metabolically active, indicating their participation in digestive processes in the gut. The dominant families in the active community (RNA data set) includedAcidobacteriaceae(24.3%),Xanthomonadaceae(16.7%),Acetobacteraceae(15.8%),Burkholderiaceae(8.7%), andEnterobacteriaceae(4.1%). The most abundant phylotype comprised 14% of the active community and affiliated withDyella ginsengisoli(Gammaproteobacteria), suggesting that aDyella-related organism is a likely symbiont. This study provides new information on the diversity and activity of gut-associated microorganisms that are essential for the digestion of the nutritionally poor diet consumed by wood-feeding larvae. Many huhu gut phylotypes affiliated with insect symbionts or with bacteria present in acidic environments or associated with fungi.

Late Cambrian ptychaspidid trilobites from western Utah: implications for trilobite systematics and biostratigraphy

2005 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. ADRAIN ◽  
S. R. WESTROP
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Late Cambrian ◽  
South Central ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Notch Peak

The Notch Peak Formation (Late Cambrian, Sunwaptan) of western Utah yields diverse silicified trilobite faunas that provide new information on the anatomy of many taxa. The family Ptychaspididae Raymond, 1924, is represented by species of Keithiella Rasetti, 1944; Idiomesus Raymond, 1924; Euptychaspis Ulrich in Bridge, 1931; and Macronoda Lochman, 1964. At least four species are new, of which E. lawsonensis and M. notchpeakensis are named formally. Much previous work on Late Cambrian trilobites has emphasized biostratigraphic utility and the recognition of geographically widespread species. Data from new silicified collections indicate that this approach is difficult to justify because many putative ‘index species’ actually represent a plexus of closely related species whose biostratigraphic significance has yet to be determined. One such plexus is represented by E. kirki Kobayashi, 1935, whose previously reported occurrences in Texas, Oklahoma, Utah, Nevada and northern Canada record at least four distinct species. Similarly, Macronoda can now be shown to consist of at least five late Sunwaptan species in south-central and western North America.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document