scholarly journals Phenotypical expression of reduced mobility during limb ontogeny in frogs: the knee-joint case

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Ponssa ◽  
Virginia Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Joint Tissue ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Movement is one of the most important epigenetic factors for normal development of the musculoskeletal system, particularly during genesis and joint development. Studies regarding alterations to embryonic mobility, performed on anurans, chickens and mammals, report important phenotypical similarities as a result of the reduction or absence of this stimulus. The precise stage of development at which the stimulus modification generates phenotypic modifications however, is yet to be determined. In this work we explore whether the developmental effects of abnormal mobility can appear at any time during development or whether they begin to express themselves in particular phases of tadpole ontogeny. We conducted five experiments that showed that morphological abnormalities are not visible until Stages 40–42. Morphology in earlier stages remains normal, probably due to the fact that the bones/muscles/tendons have not yet developed and therefore are not affected by immobilization. These results suggest the existence of a specific period of phenotypical expression in which normal limb movement is necessary for the correct development of the joint tissue framework.

scholarly journals Phenotypical expression of reduced mobility during limb ontogeny in frogs: the knee-joint case

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Ponssa ◽  
Virginia Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Joint Tissue ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Movement is one of the most important epigenetic factors for normal development of the muscle-skeletal system, particularly during genesis and joint development. Studies regarding alterations to embryonic mobility, performed on anurans, chickens and mammals, report important phenotypical similarities as a result of the reduction or absence of this stimulus. The precise stage of development at which the stimulus modification generates phenotypic modifications however, is yet to be determined. In this work we explore whether the developmental effects of abnormal mobility can appear at any time during development or whether they begin to express themselves in particular phases of tadpole ontogeny. We conducted five experiments that showed that morphological abnormalities are not visible until Stages 40–42. Morphology in earlier stages remains normal, probably due to the fact that the bones/muscles/tendons have not yet developed and therefore are not affected by immobilization. These results suggest the existence of a specific period of phenotypical expression in which normal limb movement is necessary for the correct development of the joint tissue framework.

scholarly journals Phenotypical expression of reduced mobility during limb ontogeny in frogs: the knee-joint case

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Ponssa ◽  
Virginia Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Joint Tissue ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Movement is one of the most important epigenetic factors for normal development of the muscle-skeletal system, particularly during genesis and joint development. Studies regarding alterations to embryonic mobility, performed on anurans, chickens and mammals, report important phenotypical similarities as a result of the reduction or absence of this stimulus. The precise stage of development at which the stimulus modification generates phenotypic modifications however, is yet to be determined. In this work we explore whether the developmental effects of abnormal mobility can appear at any time during development or whether they begin to express themselves in particular phases of tadpole ontogeny. We conducted five experiments that showed that morphological abnormalities are not visible until Stages 40–42. Morphology in earlier stages remains normal, probably due to the fact that the bones/muscles/tendons have not yet developed and therefore are not affected by immobilization. These results suggest the existence of a specific period of phenotypical expression in which normal limb movement is necessary for the correct development of the joint tissue framework.

Morphological aspects of decompensated osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Timur Bulatovich Minasov ◽  
Aleksey Evgenievich Strizhkov ◽  
Ekaterina Rishatovna Yakupova ◽  
Ruslan Maratovich Vakhitov-Kovalevich ◽  
Elvina Ilshatovna Mukhametzyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Degenerative pathology of the musculoskeletal system is one of the main causes of reduced mobility in patients of an older age group. The purpose of the research: to study the morphological features of the elements of the synovial environment of the knee joint against the background of decompensated osteoarthritis (OA). Signs of adaptation of the articular cartilage of the condyles of the femur in the form of restructuring of the cartilage tissue were revealed. The processes of replacing the subchondral bone with connective tissue followed by sclerosing, which subsequently led to decompensation of the structures of hyaline cartilage, were also revealed. Destructive-dystrophic processes in the menisci of the knee joint were noted. Collateral ligaments in patients with OA show signs of adaptation in the form of an expansion of the endotendineum interlayers between bundles of collagen fibers and an increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

Inflammatory effects on knee joint tissue by indoxyl sulfate

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Yun Chen ◽  
Herng-Sheng Lee ◽  
Yu-Juei Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Indoxyl Sulfate ◽  
Joint Tissue

Histological Features of Osteoarthritis in a State of Decompensation

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Timur B. Minasov ◽  
Ekaterina R. Yakupova ◽  
Dilmurod Ruziboev ◽  
Ruslan M. Vakhitov-Kovalevich ◽  
Ruslan F. Khairutdinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Social Significance

Degenerative pathology of the musculoskeletal system is one of the main reasons for decreased mobility in patients of the older age group. Increasing the life expectancy leads to predominance non-epidemic pathology in all developed countries. Therefore, degenerative diseases of musculoskeletal system have not only medical significance but also social significance. Objective is studying the morphological features of synovial environment of the decompensated osteoarthritic (OA) knee joint. Structural features of subchondral bone, hyaline cartilage of the femur and tibia, the articular capsule, menisci and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint were studied in 64 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Bashkirian State Medical University in the period from 2015 to 2020. Material selection, preparation of histological samples, staining with hematoxylin-eosin, microscopy was performed. Adaptive signs of articular cartilage of the femoral condyles manifest in the form of cartilage tissue rearrangement, which are most pronounced in the central zone of the cartilage. At the same time, the phenomena of decompensation and significant areas of destruction are noted. Also, the subchondral bone was replaced with connective tissue with subsequent sclerosis. This sclerosis subsequently led to the decompensation of structures of the hyaline cartilage in the deep and middle zones. Destructive and dystrophic processes were noted in the knee joint menisci. Articular cartilage was replaced with granulation tissue with subsequent invasion of blood vessels. Cruciate ligaments in patients with OA show signs of adaptation due to expansion of endothenonium layers between bundles of collagen fibers and an increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

In Vitro Fertilization of Bovine Oocytes Matured In Vitro

1997 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
K.H. Lu ◽  
I. Gordon ◽  
M.P. Boland ◽  
T.F. Crosby
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Laboratory Procedure ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

The development of an efficient laboratory procedure which would enable cattle ovarian oocytes to be matured in vitro, fertilized and cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage of development could have important practical and scientific implications. The commercial exploitation of certain embryo transfer techniques applicable in cattle (eg., twinning by embryo transfer) might be facilitated by the development of such a procedure and there would be many advantages to having a cheap source of embryos available for research purposes. The present report deals with some of the studies recently carried out in this laboratory aimed at utilising follicular oocytes recovered from the ovaries of cattle slaughtered for beef at the abattoir. Such studies have been undertaken over a period of almost twenty years, starting with the work of Sreenan (1968)* but it now realised that the oocytes of farm mammals are incapable of normal development until after the completion of complex changes during maturation.

Analysis of Single Actuator for Rehabilitation Device of Leg Weakness

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 1021-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairul Fadzli Samat ◽  
Mohamed Hussein ◽  
M.R. Safizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Cam Mechanism ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Walking Motion ◽  
Leg Weakness

In this paper, the development of rehabilitation device for patients who encounter walking weakness due to post-stroke effect is presented. The kinematic analysis was carried out in the initial stage of development in order to have an efficient mechanism. As guide to design the device, the walking motion of healthy physical subject for speed of 1 km/h was used and subsequently a mechanism was designed to create similar walking motion. The device functions to inculcate the movement of thigh and calf through appropriate rotation of hip and knee. A single actuator of direct current (DC) motor is used to actuate the rotation of the hip and the knee joints mechanism. The kinematic analysis of constructed device has been performed and the results conformed the functionality of the suggested mechanism. The fabricated prototype proves the combination of DC motor and cam mechanism can actuated the movement of hip and knee joint simultaneously and subsequently reduced the power consumption.

scholarly journals The morphological state of the knee joint tissue of rats in a modelled endoprosthetics of the tibia

2009 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Svitlana Malyshkina ◽  
Olga Nikolchenko ◽  
Stanislav Shevchenko ◽  
Vitaliy Baev
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Joint Tissue ◽  
Morphological State

Effect of stage of development and pre-natal nutrition on hoof characteristics of fetal sheep

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
K. Howard ◽  
M. Birnie ◽  
H. Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Welfare Problem ◽  
And Function

Lameness is a major welfare problem in farm animals and poor hoof (claw) health frequently causes painful lesions. Such lesions frequently arise from damage to the underlying dermal and epidermal soft tissues causing impaired production of the horn on the external surface of the claw (Budras et al., 1998) Precisely timed interactions between embryonic dermis and epidermis, are essential for normal development and function in other integumental tissues such as the hair follicle (Galbraith, 1998), but have not been confirmed for claw tissue. The time course of development of cellular and extra-cellular structures has not been described, nor has the question of whether fetal prenatal claw development may be affected by undernutrition of the ewe such as frequently occurs in extensive production systems. The aims of the study were to investigate external physical dimensions and internal cellular development of fetal claws and how these may be influenced by stage of gestation and maternal nutrition.

Features of formation of working conditions of workers of the main professions in the production of integrated circuits

2019 ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Kiryanova ◽  
O. L. Markova ◽  
E. V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
System Load ◽  
Stage Of Development

Introduction. The modern stage of development of electronics is characterized by the widespread use of integrated circuits (IC). Assessment of working conditions in a promising, developing production of electronic components with hygienic positions is an urgent task.The aim of the study is to conduct a hygienic assessment of working conditions of workers in the main professions in the production of IC.Materials and methods. Hygienic research conducted at three modern enterprises for the production of chips and semiconductor devices, included the study of the conditions and nature of work of workers in the main professions. 215 chemical analyses for the content of harmful substances were carried out in order to assess the air environment and 270 measurements of the levels of physical factors at 18 workplaces.Results. Findings of hygienic assessment of working conditions for employees engaged in manufacture of microcircuits: operators of chemical processing, precision photolithography (PPL), diffusion processes, vacuum deposition, and IMC assemblers are reported. Based on the analysis of the technological process and the list of materials used and time-study data, the studies of workplace air pollution, sound levels, artificial lighting, microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity), working process parameters were carried out. The jobs in which work is characterized by toxic chemicals exposure, precision visual operations using optical instruments during 55% of the shift were singled out. Priority occupational health risk factors for workers employed in modern IMC production and main areas of working environment optimization were revealed.Conclusions. Based on the conducted hygienic studies, musculoskeletal system load combined with visual strain were found to be the priority occupational health risk factors for microcircuit production workers. Manual operations taking up a significant part of the working process and introduction of automated IMC technological processes being insufficient, preventive measures should be aimed at organizing a rational working regime that provides reducing of visual strain and musculoskeletal system load.

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