scholarly journals New anatomical information of the wukongopteridKunpengopterus sinensisWang et al., 2010 based on a new specimen

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Cheng ◽  
Shunxing Jiang ◽  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Alexander W.A. Kellner
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Sesamoid Bones ◽  
New Material ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
First Time

The Wukongopteridae compose a non-pterodactyloid clade of pterosaurs that are the most abundant flying reptiles in the deposits of the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota. Until now, five species of three genera and two additional unnamed specimens have been described. Here we report on a new material, IVPP V 23674, that can be referred to the wukongopteridKunpengopterus sinensisdue to several features such as a comparably short nasoantorbital fenestra, the dorsally rising posterodorsal margin of the ischium, and the very short first pedal phalanx of digit V relative to metatarsal IV. IVPP V 23674 provides the first view of a wukongopterid palate, which differs from all other pterosaurs by having a very large postpalatine fenestra and laterally compressed choanae, indicating that the evolution of the pterosaur palate was more complex than previously thought. Sesamoid bones at the dorsal side of manual unguals are present and are reported for the first time in a wukongopterid suggesting an arboreal life-style for these pterosaurs.

scholarly journals New material of “Eurysternidae” (Thalassochelydia, Pan-Cryptodira) from the Kimmeridgian of the Swiss Jura Mountains

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Püntener ◽  
Jérémy Anquetin ◽  
Jean-Paul Billon-Bruyat
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Jura Mountains ◽  
Marine Turtles ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Juvenile Individual ◽  
New Material ◽  
Swiss Jura ◽  
First Time

The region of Porrentruy (Swiss Jura Mountains) is known for its rich and diverse assemblage of Late Jurassic coastal marine turtles (Thalassochelydia). Dominated by the “Plesiochelyidae”, this assemblage also includes representatives of the two other thalassochelydian groups, the “Thalassemydidae” and “Eurysternidae.” In this study, we present new shell-based material from Porrentruy referable to eurysternids. One specimen represents a juvenile individual or a relatively small taxon, and is notably characterized by a well fenestrated plastron exhibiting a wider than long central plastral fontanelle. Two other specimens are much larger and possibly represent the largest eurysternids known to date. The fourth specimen is characterized by a unique plastral morphology otherwise only known in very small juveniles. This is the first time this unique plastral morphology is known to persist in an adult or subadult. The new material described herein represents at least three distinct taxa, all of them probably new. However, we refrain from naming new species based on this incomplete material in order to avoid adding confusion to an already complex taxonomical situation. This study provides new insights into the great diversity of eurysternids during the Late Jurassic.

scholarly journals Detailed anatomy of the braincase ofMacelognathus vagansMarsh, 1884 (Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha) using high resolution tomography and new insights on basal crocodylomorph phylogeny

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Martin Leardi ◽  
Diego Pol ◽  
James Matthew Clark
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Postcranial Remains ◽  
New Material ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
Early Late ◽  
Ct Studies

BackgroundMacelognathus vagansMarsh, 1884 from the Late Jurassic Morrison Fm. of Wyoming was originally described as a dinosaur by Marsh and in 1971 Ostrom suggested crocodilian affinities. In 2005, Göhlich and collaborators identified new material of this species from Colorado as a basal crocodylomorph. However, a partial skull found in association with mandibular and postcranial remains was not described.MethodsDue to the small size and delicate structures within the braincase, micro CT studies were performed on this specimen. The new anatomical information was incorporated in a phylogenetic dataset, expanding both character and taxon sampling.ResultsThis new material reinforces the non-crocodyliform crocodylomorph affinities ofMacelognathusas it bears a large otic aperture, unfused frontals and lacks ornamentation on the dorsal cranial bones. The internal structures also support these affinities as this specimen bears traits (i.e., heavily pneumatized and expanded basisphenoid; the presence of additional pneumatic features on the braincase; and the otoccipital-quadrate contact) not present in most basal crocodylomorphs. Furthermore, the presence of a wide supraoccipital and a cranioquadrate passage are traits shared withAlmadasuchusfrom the early Late Jurassic of Argentina.Macelognathuswas recovered as one of the closest relatives of crocodyliforms, forming a clade (Hallopodidae) with two other Late Jurassic taxa (AlmadasuchusandHallopus).DiscussionThe clade formed byAlmadasuchus+Hallopus+Macelognathus, the Hallopodidae, is characterized by a higher degree of suturing of the braincase, posteriorly closed otic aperture (paralleled in mesoeucrocodylians) and cursorial adaptations. Also, the phylogenetic position of this lineage of derived crocodylomorphs as the sister group of Crocodyliformes implies a large amount of unsampled record (ghost lineage), at least 50 million years.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and Ecological Signals in the Wood of Spathelioideae (Rutaceae)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc S. Appelhans ◽  
Bertie Joan van Heuven ◽  
Frederic Lens ◽  
Pieter Baas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Hydraulic Safety ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
First Time

Subfamily Spathelioideae of Rutaceae constitutes a well-supported early branching clade of eight small woody genera that were formerly assigned to five different Sapindalean/Rutalean families. This study brings together detailed wood anatomical information on all eight genera (for four the wood anatomy is described for the first time in detail). Wood anatomy strongly supports the inclusion of all Spathelioid genera in Rutaceae and underpins the molecular phylogeny with a set of interesting apomorphies at different nodes of the cladogram. The wood anatomy of Cneorum tricoccon with its semi-ring porosity, dendritic vessel pattern, vascular tracheids and helical vessel wall thickenings stands out in Spathelioideae. This wood anatomical syndrome is hypothesized to be due to adaptive evolution for hydraulic safety and efficiency of this species in a typical Mediterranean climate, where similar syndromes have evolved in many unrelated clades of woody dicots. In at least six unrelated genera of Rutaceae outside Spathelioideae from Mediterranean or cool temperate and montane climates, the syndrome has also evolved in presumably parallel, adaptive evolution.

scholarly journals New anatomical information on arms and fins from exceptionally preserved Plesioteuthis (Coleoidea) from the Late Jurassic of Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Klug ◽  
Dirk Fuchs ◽  
Günter Schweigert ◽  
Martin Röper ◽  
Helmut Tischlinger
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Anatomical Information

Checklist of the Pipunculidae (Diptera) of mainland France: further faunistic records and description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5067 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-547
Author(s):  
PHIL WITHERS ◽  
JOCELYN CLAUDE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Precise Data ◽  
New Material ◽  
First Time ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
A New Species

Since the first faunistic study of the Pipunculidae (Diptera) of mainland France in 2006, new material from 37 natural sites and four private collections has been evaluated by the authors of this article. A total of 5739 specimens of Pipunculidae collected in France were examined, of which 5214 were identified to species by the authors, for a total of 114 species. DNA analyses were also carried out on some specimens to confirm their morphological identifications. The list of Pipunculidae recorded in mainland France is updated to include 140 species. Tomosvaryella estebani sp. nov. is described from material collected in France and Italy. Twenty-four species are also reported for the first time from France. The records of Cephalops (Semicephalops) carinatus (Verrall, 1901), Cephalosphaera (Cephalosphaera) furcata (Egger, 1860), Eudorylas terminalis (Thomson, 1870) and Jassidophaga villosa (Roser, 1840), without precise data in the literature, are now precisely located in France with this work. For the other species, we provide new post-2006 records.  

The systematic position of the Late Jurassic alleged dinosaur Macelognathus (Crocodylomorpha: Sphenosuchia)

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula B Göhlich ◽  
Luis M Chiappe ◽  
James M Clark ◽  
Hans-Dieter Sues
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Morrison Formation ◽  
Postcranial Skeleton ◽  
Western Colorado ◽  
New Material ◽  
Limb Posture

Macelognathus vagans was described by O.C. Marsh in 1884, based on a mandibular symphysis from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Wyoming. Often considered a dinosaur but later tentatively referred to the Crocodylia, its phylogenetic identity has until now been enigmatic. New material of this species from the Morrison Formation of western Colorado demonstrates its affinities with basal crocodylomorphs commonly grouped together as the Sphenosuchia, which are characterized by a gracile postcranial skeleton with erect limb posture. Macelognathus shares features with Kayentasuchus from the Lower Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona and Hallopus, which may be from the Morrison Formation of eastern Colorado. The new material constitutes the youngest definitive occurrence of a sphenosuchian, previously known from the Late Triassic to the Middle or Late? Jurassic.

Synthesis of tin oxide activated by DAN grafting and Mo nanoparticle insertion for optoelectronic properties improvement

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (98) ◽  
pp. 95405-95416 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bouazizi ◽  
R. Bargougui ◽  
A. Benghnia ◽  
J. Vieillard ◽  
S. Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Optoelectronic Properties ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
New Material ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
First Time

Tin oxide (SnO2) was synthesized via a co-precipitation method and activated by 1,5 diaminonaphthalene (DAN) grafting and molybdenum nanoparticle (Mo-NPs) incorporation for the first time as a new material.

First records of Somalinautilus (Cephalopoda: Nautiloidea) from the Jurassic of Southern Germany – inferences for trans-provincial migrations

2020 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Günter Schweigert
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lower Kimmeridgian ◽  
Lower Bathonian

The Late Jurassic nautiloid Somalinautilus antiquus (Dacqué, 1910), previously only known by the holotype from Lower Kimmeridgian strata of Ethiopia, is reported from the Lower Kimmeridgian (Platynota Zone) of Southern Germany. This unexpected record largely expands the known geographic distribution of this species. Another species of Somalinautilus, S. clavifer Tintant , 1994, is recorded for the first time from the Middle Jurassic (Lower Bathonian, Zigzag Zone) of Southern Germany. A short stratigraphic and palaeogeographic review of Somalinautilus occurrences is provided. Faunal migrations of nautiloids over large distances were probably triggered by sea- level highstands and/or palaeocurrents.

scholarly journals Morphological diversity of the stone crayfish − traditional and geometric morphometric approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Lovrenčić ◽  
Vjera Pavić ◽  
Stefan Majnarić ◽  
Lucija Abramović ◽  
Mišel Jelić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Stone Crayfish ◽  
Multivariate Discriminant ◽  
First Time

Austropotamobius torrentium is one of four native European crayfish species inhabiting Croatian freshwaters. Existence of eight divergent monophyletic mtDNA phylogroups was described within A. torrentium; six of them are distributed in Croatia, with the highest genetic diversity established in its northern-central Dinaric region. Recent small-scale study of the stone crayfish morphological variability indicated significant differences among different phylogroups. In the present study larger sample size, covering populations from five phylogroups, was analysed with the aim of determining whether there are morphological characteristics that reliably separate stone crayfish from different phylogroups. Aiming this, 245 stone crayfish were analysed through traditional (TM) and, for the first time, geometric morphometric (GM) analyses. Multivariate discriminant analyses included 24 TM characteristics per crayfish, while GM comprised analyses of 22 landmarks on the dorsal side of cephalon. Both methods revealed congruent results, and significant differences among phylogroups in analysed features were obtained, with the cephalon shape contributing the most to crayfish discrimination. Research confirmed that both approaches, combined with statistical methods, are useful in distinguishing and separating crayfish phylogroups. Findings of present study are compatible with the previous molecular findings; stone crayfish present several distinct evolutionary lineages whose species status are currently undefined and require urgent clarification.

scholarly journals Heating of Ti3C2Tx MXene/polymer composites in response to Radio Frequency fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Touseef Habib ◽  
Nutan Patil ◽  
Xiaofei Zhao ◽  
Evan Prehn ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
New Material ◽  
High Dielectric ◽  
First Time ◽  
Percolating Network

Abstract Here we report for the first time that Ti3C2Tx/polymer composite films rapidly heat when exposed to low-power radio frequency fields. Ti3C2Tx MXenes possess a high dielectric loss tangent, which is correlated with this rapid heating under electromagnetic fields. Thermal imaging confirms that these structures are capable of extraordinary heating rates (as high as 303 K/s) that are frequency- and concentration-dependent. At high loading (and high conductivity), Ti3C2Tx MXene composites do not heat under RF fields due to reflection of electromagnetic waves, whereas composites with low conductivity do not heat due to the lack of an electrical percolating network. Composites with an intermediate loading and a conductivity between 10–1000 S m−1 rapidly generate heat under RF fields. This finding unlocks a new property of Ti3C2Tx MXenes and a new material for potential RF-based applications.

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