Agronomic Traits of Soybean Breeding Lines with Low Stachyose and Raffinose Contents

Brown planthopper, blast, and bacterial blight are the main biotic stressors of rice and can cause a massive loss in rice production. Aroma is an important character of rice quality. It is of far-reaching significance to breed resistant and high-quality varieties using germplasms with objective genes. In this study, the introgression and pyramiding of brown planthopper (BPH), blast, and bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistance genes and aroma genes into elite rice maintainers and restorers were conducted through conventional cross-breeding coupled with the marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding method. Single-plant selection was performed from F2 onwards to select desirable recombinants possessing alleles of interest with suitable phenotypes. Respective linked markers were used in each generation from intercrossing to the F7 generation for tracking the presence of targeted genes. A total of 74 improved lines (ILs) have been developed which possess a combination of 1 to 4 genes for BPH, blast, and BLB resistance and aroma. These ILs showed moderate to high resistance to multiple biotic stresses (BPH, blast and BLB) or aromatic fragrance without obvious negative effects on agronomic traits. As multiple resistance and aromatic traits have become significant objectives in rice breeding, these resistance and/or aroma gene introgressed or pyramided lines have important application prospects. Core ideas: (1) marker-assisted breeding was used to pyramid multiple genes for an elite breeding line; (2) improved lines with the introgression of 1–4 genes were developed to achieve high resistance against various biotic stresses and aroma; (3) new lines were used as donor parents to introgress multiple genes in other genetic backgrounds.

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Assessment of wild tomato accessions for fruit yield, physicochemical and nutritional properties under a rain forest agro-ecology

Genetic Resources ◽

10.46265/genresj.bjcv8100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Dorcas Ibitoye ◽

Adesike Kolawole ◽

Roseline Feyisola

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Principal Component ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Wild Tomato ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a broadly consumed fruit vegetable globally. It is one of the research mandate vegetable of the National Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT), Ibadan, Nigeria. The institute’s contains diverse collections of tomato accessions and wild relatives, without utilization information for the African continent. With the decline in diversity and potential of cultivars, a robust tomato breeding pipeline with broad genetic base that eliminates redundancy in the development of lines with desired horticultural traits is paramount. This study evaluated the mean performance and variations of thirteen wild tomato accessions obtained from the C.M. Rick Tomato Genetic Resource Center, University of California, Davis, USA, evaluated for agronomic, nutritional and physicochemical traits under a rain forest zone in Nigeria. The accessions were planted and grown in three replications with randomized complete block design. Agronomic traits, physicochemical and nutritional parameters were measured and analyzed. There was significant (P < 0.001) variation among accessions for all traits measured. Accession LA0130 was separated from others by cluster analysis and was outstanding for its unique attributes which include: fruit yield parameters, total soluble solids, acidity and content. The principal component analysis suggests fruit yield related traits, acidity and contributed most to the variation among the 13 accessions. The results obtained can be used to breed materials adapted to a rain forest . These wild tomato accessions have genes with desirable agronomic, nutritional and physicochemical traits that could be into breeding lines to improve commercial tomato varieties.

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Screening of Early Maturing Soybean Breeding Lines for Major Gene- and Field-Resistance to Infection by Phytophthora Sojae.

Australasian Plant Pathology ◽

10.1071/app9930137 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

AD Heritage ◽

CJ Castles ◽

JA Pierpoint

Keyword(s):

Major Gene ◽

Field Resistance ◽

Phytophthora Sojae ◽

Soybean Breeding ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Resistance To Infection

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Evaluation Of Okra Cultivars And Breeding Lines For Agronomic Traits In Umudike In Southeastern Nigeria

Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.4314/gjass.v7i1.2351 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

PI Okocha ◽

IN Chinatu

Keyword(s):

Agronomic Traits ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Breeding Lines

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Relationship between Seed‐Filling Period and Yield among Soybean Breeding Lines 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600030006x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 469-472 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

James R. Smith ◽

Randall L. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Soybean Breeding ◽

Seed Filling ◽

Breeding Lines

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Phenotypic plasticity of yield and related traits in rainfed durum wheat

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859613000580 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 152 (6) ◽

pp. 873-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. MOHAMMADI

Keyword(s):

Phenotypic Plasticity ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Linear Models ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Grain Weight ◽

High Yield ◽

Yield Improvement ◽

Modern Cultivar ◽

Breeding Lines

SUMMARYRainfall and temperature are unpredictable in Mediterranean environments, which results in inconsistent environmental conditions for crop growth and a critical source of uncertainty for farmers and growers. The objectives of the present study were to: (i) quantify and compare the plasticity of durum breeding lines, a modern cultivar and landraces on the basis of yield and agronomic traits and (ii) study associations between plasticity of yield and plasticity of agronomic and phenological traits. Plasticity was quantified using linear models for 11 durum breeding lines, one modern cultivar and two landraces grown in 21 diversified environments. The results showed that the effects due to environment, genotype and genotype×environment (G×E) interaction were significant, which indicates the existence of differences among genotypes for plasticity. Yield ranged from 1939 to 2419 kg/ha across environments and the range of plasticity was 0·66–1·13. The breeding lines and the modern cultivar had higher grain yields compared with the landraces at the same level of plasticity. The landraces with below-average plasticity in yield were characterized as tall in stature and late in heading and maturity, whereas the breeding lines and modern cultivar with above-average plasticity in yield were early in heading and maturity, semi-dwarf and high-yielding, which indicates the success in breeding the materials for unpredictable environmental conditions. In conclusion, yield plasticity was associated with yield improvement and high yield plasticity tends to associate with earliness, shorter plants and low grain weight.

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Evaluation and Use of Genetic Resources in Spring Malting Barley Breeding in Lithuania

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences ◽

10.2478/v10046-009-0017-6 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 63 (1-2) ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

Algė Leistrumaitė ◽

Vanda Paplauskienė ◽

Audronė Mašauskienė

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Genetic Resources ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Malting Barley ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Barley Breeding ◽

Extract Yield ◽

Growing Conditions

Evaluation and Use of Genetic Resources in Spring Malting Barley Breeding in Lithuania During the period 2004-2006, grain yield stability and malt quality characteristics of 47 spring barley varieties and 55 promising breeding lines from the collection of spring barley genetic resources were investigated at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture (LIA). The growing conditions in 2004 were fairly normal compared with the long-term mean, and the years 2005 and 2006 were rather dry. The varieties and breeding lines tested showed from medium to high variation of grain > 2.5 mm yield (CV 11.5-34.3%) and medium variation of grain yield (CV 4.39-13.33%). However, high temperatures and drought in June of 2006 caused a low grain > 2.5 mm yield (by on average 55.0-67.8%). Promising breeding lines were characterised as having higher grain yield and extract output per ha compared with barley varieties. However, the data showed that grain grading 2.5 mm should be improved for the breeding lines. Using the software STABLE we estimated the stability of malting barley quality traits in relation to weather conditions during the crop year, genotype properties for varieties and breeding lines, as well as the interactions of variety and weather conditions. The selection of lines promising in terms of grain yield, > 2.5 mm grain yield and extract yield, was based on their ability to realise the genetic potential in various growing conditions. The highest score in integral assessment of grain yield, grain > 2.5 mm yield and extract yield was identified for the varieties Tocada', Sebastian', Scarlett' and breeding lines: 7939-1, 7661-1, and 8080-4. The varieties and breeding lines that exhibited high grain stability, high grain quality and other agronomic traits were utilised in further breeding programmes.

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