Cooling Properties of Gd Alloys and La(Fe,Si)13-Based Compounds in Active Magnetic Refrigeration for Environmentally-Friendly Cooling Systems

Our daily need to cooling system is grown up. The used cooling systems are the source of the harmful changes in the global climate. And so, we need to search a new alternate cooling systems applying environmentally friendly technology that may help in decreasing the pollutions in our world. The progress in materials science allows to use some materials for cooling purposes. This new class of materials is so called "magnetic refrigerator". The basics of magnetic refrigeration depends on the magneto-caloric properties to reach low temperatures and obtain cooling system. The advantage of magnetic refrigerator (MR); First, the cooling efficiency is higher than conventional vapor refrigerator CVM where its cooling efficiency ~30-60% while the cooling efficiency in CVM ~ 5-10%. Second, MR can be more compactly built. Third, it is safe and an environmentally friendly cooling. In this work, we will highlight on the scientific efforts to find optimum properties to be applied as the magnetic refrigeration. In this review the highlights of the scientific efforts to seek for the best alternative materials to be used as a magnetic refrigeration applications. The low coast and small size of magnetic cooling is one the important advantage. This review consists of five sections; I. Introduction, II.Synthesis of MC materials, III. Crystal structure of MC materials and IV. Characterization and applications of MC materials, and V. Conclusions.

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Mixture design of an environmentally friendly scale and corrosion inhibitor in reclaimed wastewater for cooling systems

Desalination and Water Treatment ◽

10.1080/19443994.2015.1137789 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (50) ◽

pp. 23556-23570 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Juntao Jin ◽

Mingyuan Li ◽

Yuntao Guan

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Inhibitor ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Mixture Design ◽

Reclaimed Wastewater ◽

Cooling Systems

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Synthesis and application of an environmentally friendly antiscalant in industrial cooling systems

Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.3103/s1063455x14040031 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 166-173

Author(s):

J. Huang ◽

G. Liu ◽

Y. Zhou ◽

Q. Yao ◽

L. Ling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Cooling Systems

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Influence of Energy-Saving Systems Using Natural Cold on the Energy Intensity of the Milk Cooling Process

Agricultural machinery and technologies ◽

10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-3-39-44 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

A. B. Korshunov

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Freezing Point ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Ice Storage ◽

Cooling Process ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

And Storage ◽

Regions Of Russia

Reduction of energy consumption in technological processes of cooling and storage milk on farms is urgent task.(Research purpose) The research purpose is in reducing the energy intensity of the milk cooling process on farms while maintaining its quality.(Materials and methods) The authors conducted research to improve existing and create new smart combined cooling systems based on the rational use of natural and artificial cold sources with means of its accumulation and environmentally friendly coolants with low freezing point.(Results and discussion) The authors have found the dependence of the amount of energy that can be used for cooling and storage of milk and dispersed into the environment on the potential of natural cold of the area and the location of the technological object. The article presents a methodology for assessing the potential of natural cold for different regions of Russia. According to the methodology, authors calculated the values of the ice storage capacities for dairy farms with different livestock and annual milk yield. The article presents the diagram of electric energy savings when using natural cold to cooling milk on farms of 400 heads with a yield of 5000 liters in different climatic regions of Russia. Significant energy savings can be obtained through the use of combined accumulators of natural and artificial cold using environmentally friendly coolants with low freezing point and ground ice storage, in which the freezing of soil and water is carried out due to the ground cooling thermal installation with twophase thermosyphons.(Conclusions) The use of smart combined milk cooling systems on farms on the basis of sources of natural and artificial cold with means of its accumulation and environmentally friendly coolants with low freezing point allows to reduce energy consumption in 1.5-3 times at preservation of its quality. At the same time, such systems in various configurations can be effectively used in all agroclimatic regions of the country.

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Investigation of the Environmentally-Friendly Refrigerant R152a for Air Conditioning Purposes

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9010119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Evangelos Bellos ◽

Christos Tzivanidis

Keyword(s):

Heat Pump ◽

High Performance ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Heat Pumps ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Coefficient Of Performance ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

Detailed Model ◽

Ambient Temperatures

Heat pumps are efficient and well-established technologies for providing the proper cooling load in the building sector. The objective of this work is the parametric investigation of a heat pump operating with the promising refrigerant R152a for different operating conditions. More specifically, the heat pump is studied for different ambient temperatures, different indoor temperatures and various compressor rotational speeds. The cooling capacity and the coefficient of performance (COP) are the most important parameters which calculated in every scenario. A detailed model is developed in Engineering Equations Solver (EES) and it is validated with literature data. According to the final results, the system can operate in nominal conditions with 5 kW cooling capacity and a COP equal to 6.46. It is found that the COP can be ranged from 4 to 12 and the cooling capacity, while the cooling capacity can reach up to 9 kW. Moreover, a regression equation about the performance of the system is suggested. The obtained results indicate that the use of the R152a leads to high performance and so it can be an environmentally friendly choice for the cooling systems.

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Design of environmentally friendly absorption cooling systems via multi-objective optimization and life cycle assessment

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering - 19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering ◽

10.1016/s1570-7946(09)70183-x ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 1099-1103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Berhane H. Gebreslassiea ◽

Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez ◽

Laureano Jiménez ◽

Dieter Boer

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Multi Objective Optimization ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

Multi Objective ◽

Absorption Cooling

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Environmentally Friendly Magnetic Refrigeration Technology Using Ferromagnetic Gd Alloys

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development ◽

10.7763/ijesd.2016.v7.791 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 316-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Akiko T. Saito ◽

◽

Tadahiko Kobayashi ◽

Shiori Kaji ◽

Jing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Magnetic Refrigeration

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Review on District Cooling and Its Application in Energy Systems

10.5772/intechopen.100307 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sana Sayadi ◽

Jan Akander ◽

Abolfazl Hayati ◽

Mathias Cehlin

Keyword(s):

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Primary Energy ◽

European Countries ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Technology Readiness ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

Technology Readiness Level ◽

Electricity Use ◽

Readiness Level ◽

Cost Efficient

This chapter investigates the implementation of district cooling systems by exploring several research studies reported in the literature. The topics addressed include typologies and design parameters, benefits and limitations, applications of the system, and the technology readiness level. District cooling systems are generally regarded as cost-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions. One might think that district cooling is only a solution for areas with a very warm climate. However, based on the reported results of the surveyed studies, the number of operating district cooling systems has increased over the years, with the Scandinavian countries taking the lead in this market within European countries. Implementation of these systems concluded reduction in primary energy and electricity use, they also proved to be an environmentally efficient way.

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