scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Pattern of Localised Hypomelanosis in Children: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatesan Sahana ◽  
Muralidhar Krishnakanth ◽  
Dhanaraj Vishupriya ◽  
Rangarajan Sudha ◽  
Veeraraghavan Maalakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Pityriasis Versicolor ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Pigmentary changes in children can be a concern to parents, enabling them to seek medical opinion. Hypopigmentary lesions in the paediatric age group can be a trivial finding or may be a part of a multisystem disease. Identifying and prompt management of these lesions addresses the systemic involvement if any, and parents’ concern as well. Aim: To observe the prevalence and clinical pattern of localised hypomelanotic disorders in the paediatric age group (0-18 years). Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based observational study conducted for a period of two years (August 2017- August 2019), which included 204 paediatric patients with localised hypomelanotic lesion in children who attended the Dermatology Outpatient Department (OPD). Demographic data such as age, sex, history of onset and progression of skin lesions, general examination, specific cutaneous examination including the site, size, number, symmetry, distribution, etc., were recorded. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: Out of 204 cases, the most common hypopigmentary disorder was Pityriasis versicolor (38.7%), followed by Seborrhoeic dermatitis (18.1%), Pityriasis alba (8.8%) and Polymorphic light eruption (7.8%). Among them female children were 111 (54%) and male children were 93 (46%). The most commonly involved age group was 12-18 years (35%), followed by 6-12 years (32%). Face was the most commonly involved site accounting for, followed by back. The localised hypopigmented lesions are predominantly involved in the sun exposed area (78%). History of atopy and family history of atopy were seen in 5% and 8%, respectively. Conclusion: Pityriasis versicolor was the most common condition seen in this study. The sun exposed areas were frequently involved with face being the commonest. There was no underlying systemic disease involvement observed in this study. However certain conditions like hypomelanosis of Ito and Hansen’s need long term follow-up and prompt treatment to prevent complications respectively.

scholarly journals An Observational Study of Follow Up of MDR Tuberculosis Patients after Successful Completion of Category 4 Treatment under RNTCP (PMDT) in Allahabad District

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
P. Dwivedi ◽  
A.D. Shukla ◽  
A.K. Jain ◽  
A.K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Chronic Disability ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Drug-resistant TB is a persistent threat, with 490 000 million cases of multidrug-resistant TB emerging in 2016.The countries with the largest numbers of MDR/RR-TB cases were China, India and the Russian Federation. Given the prolonged nature of MDR-TB, one might expect higher rates of chronic disability among cured patients with MDR-TB. To explore these questions, we conducted an observational study focusing on: clinical, bacteriological, biochemical and various health parameter status of successfully treated MDR-TB patients. Methods: Subjects enrolled in study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed by recording of demographic data and were subjected to a predetermined set of questions for determining the history of previous anti tubercular treatment and exposure to various type of risk factor for development of MDR TB. Physical parameters of health were determined and recorded. Results: Total of 84 patients were enrolled in our study (57-males, 27 females).69 subjects (46-males, 23-Females) were found apparently healthy. 25 subjects migrated outside.6 patients (male-6, Female-2) died.7 patients were diagnosed as XDR-TB (5-Males,2-Females).34 subjects (18- males, 16-females) (44.73%) were very under weight. Total 13 (Males-12, Females-1) out of 76 subjects (17.10%) were under weight. Mid arm circumference (MAC) of 35 out of 76(21- males, 18-females) subjects (46.05%) was below 5th percentile. Majority of subjects showed moderate & severe obstruction in PEFR. Conclusion: This study shows that the community based standardized treatment regimen is effective as only one of the patients was bacteriologically positive on follow up. However, significant numbers of treated MDR-TB patients suffer from clinical, nutritional and functional post-treatment adverse events leading to some morbidity.

scholarly journals Study reasons and motives women tend to Rhinoplasty in Ardabil city

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Anahita Zakeri ◽  
Firouz Amani ◽  
Roghayeh Aslanian ◽  
Vahid Abbasi ◽  
Habib Ojaghi
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Background: Cosmetic surgery known as prevalent surgeries in the world that annually thousands of people are undergoing cosmetic surgery to change their appearance. Each year more than 200000 cosmetic surgery have been done on patients 18 years and low and about 390000 of them included surgeries such as breast, cosmetic, abdomen and nose. Iran in terms of plastic surgeries performed proportion to total population is located in the first rank of the world. Studies showed that social and mental factors have main role in doing these surgeries. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the reasons and motives women tend to Rhinoplasty in Ardabil city.Methods: This descriptive-cross sectional study has been done on 120 women 15-50 years referred to cosmetic surgery clinics and centers. Samples selected randomly from centers which doing Rhinoplasty and data collected by a research base questionnaire including information about demographic data, causes and motive of women tend to Rhinoplasty.Results: Most of women were in the age group 15-20 (39.1%). 56.7% of women were married and 45% were housekeeper. 15% of women have history of psychological diseases and 58.3% have history of doing surgery in their family.Conclusions: Results showed that self confidence known as important factor in Rhinoplasty. Personality characteristics, social conditions and environmental factors play an important role in women tend to cosmetic surgery. So, we need doing studies in big samples for recognize the dimensions of effective factors in doing Rhinoplasty among women.

scholarly journals Homoeopathic management of chronic replapsing pancreatitis in a paediatric patient: A case report

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Bipin Sohanraj Jain ◽  
Akshata Damodar Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Recurrent Fever ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Relapsing Pancreatitis ◽  
Over Time

Chronic relapsing pancreatitis in the paediatric age group is a challenging case, especially when presenting in its acute exacerbation. This case report highlights the management of chronic relapsing pancreatitis in a 9-year-old female patient with homoeopathic treatment. The patient reported a year-long history of recurrent fever, abdominal pain, and raising titres of lipase and amylase; she had been admitted to a higher centre twice. The totality was constructed on day 1 and a homoeopathic remedy was prescribed. Detailed case taking, done after a week, confirmed the same remedy. Later, when the patient had an acute exacerbation, the same remedy-frequently repeated, helped settle the acute episode in a couple of days. The patient has been following up regularly for 3 years; the frequency and intensity of relapses reduced considerably over time and there have been no episodes for more than a year.

scholarly journals A clinical study of deep neck space infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Nayanna Karodpati ◽  
Vinayak Kuradagi ◽  
Paresh Chavan ◽  
Rishikesh Pawar ◽  
Lakshmi Sravya Kakollu
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infections ◽  
Deep Neck Infections ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Common Infection

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Deep neck space infections are usually due to excessive growth of normal flora, mostly of polymicrobial in origin. Patients present acutely with complaints of, throat and neck pain, raised body temperature. The clinical presentation depends on the deep neck space affected.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong>  Current study was carried out in 25 patients who were diagnosed to have various deep neck infections</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> It was observed that the maximum number of cases were seen in the age group of 31-40 at 28%, followed by 21-30 age group at 20%, 16% each between 41-50 years and above 60 years. The male to female ratio is 1:0.78. The most common presenting complaints included fever (24 patients; 96%) and dysphagia (18 patients; 72%). 13 patients (52%) had associated systemic disease, 5 patients (20%) had history of diabetes mellitus and were on irregular treatment, 4 patients (16%) was on treatment for hypertensive. The most common infection was Ludwig’s angina seen in 13 patients (52%), followed by peritonsillar abscess 4 patients (16%). Out of 25 patients, 20 (80%) cases were treated successfully by incision and drainage. No growth was observed in 32% of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Early diagnosis of deep neck space infection based on symptoms in susceptible patients is advisable to prevent complications and early recovery.</p>

POSTERIOR SAGITTAL ANORECTOPEXY FOR PAEDIATRIC RECTAL PROLAPSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Shravya Shetty ◽  
Ajay Naik
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Prolapse ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Mucosal Prolapse ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prolapse Recurrence ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suture Rectopexy ◽  
Limiting Condition

Introduction: Rectal prolapse is a very common and self limiting condition amongst the paediatric age group in India. Majority of the cases respond to conservative management. The various modalities of management of the same include surgical as well as medical modalities. Surgical namely Thierschs anal circlage, laparoscopic suture rectopexy, and posterior sagittal rectopexy Aim - To evaluate the safety and efcacy of posterior sagittal rectopexy in children with rectal prolapse. Patients and Methods: Twenty patients aged between 1 and 7 years presented with rectal prolapse. These patients underwent posterior sagittal anorectopexy after pre anaesthetic check up. These patients were followed up at 1week, 15days and 1month for 3 months. Results: Constipation improved in 18 out of 20 patients, who had a history of constipation before surgery. Partial mucosal prolapse recurrence occurred in two patients. Conclusion: Posterior Sagittal Rectopexy is a good option in cases of rectal prolapse in children once all the conservative methods have failed. The technique is safe and effective. It has satisfactory functional results.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of pattern of dermatoses in paediatric age group at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Archana Mavoori ◽  
Deepthi Sriram ◽  
Sneha Pamar ◽  
Sudha Bala
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
South India ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Various dermatoses like infections and infestations and other non-infective dermatoses like atopic eczema, pigmentary disorders, papulo-squamous disorders, hair disorders, genetic disorders, hemangiomas etc. affect children causing significant morbidity. The pattern of dermatoses varies from place to place due to differences in geography, climate, culture and socio-economic background. Prevalence of pediatric dermatoses in India are around 9% to 35%. This study is undertaken to know the pattern, incidence, prevalence, contributing factors and prognosis of dermatoses affecting paediatric age group attending Dermatology outpatient department in tertiary health teaching hospital in South India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study; various skin disorders were studied in 1360 paediatric patients up to 18 years of age were studied for a period of 12 months from September 2017 to October 2018. Demographic data, general, systemic and cutaneous examination findings were recorded in a proforma for analysis and interpretation of data.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were 762 boys and 598 girls in total 1360 study population. The most common dermatoses were eczematous eruptions and dermatitis (22.57%), infections and infestations (20.8%%), infestations (18.96%), hypersensitivity disorders (6.91%). The study showed no statistical differences between sex and age.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study on epidemiological and clinical patterns emphasizes the need on training the management of common paediatric dermatoses to dermatologists, paediatricians for early treatment. Proper implementation of child health programmes and awareness programmes can be done based on such data or to treat them appropriately.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

A Rare Abdominal Tumour in a Paediatric Age Group: Pheochromocytoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Rajesh Prasad Sah ◽  
R.G. Sah ◽  
Shaukat Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Abdominal Tumour ◽  
Preoperative Optimization ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of

A 10 year boy presented with history of abdominal pain and palpitation. Abdominal ultrasound and CT oriented towards the diagnosis. After preoperative optimization, laparotomy with complete excision of an unusual pheochromocytoma tumour of about 8×10 cm adherent to liver and IVC performed. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis without evidence of malignancy.

Effectiveness of Characteristic Keynote Prescription of Homeopathic Medicines in Acute Nasopharyngitis in Paediatric Age Group - A Prospective, Longitudinal Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 609-617
Author(s):  
Saket Kumar Singh ◽  
◽  
Vikrant Tripathi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Acute Nasopharyngitis is a common upper respiratory tract infection caused by adenoviruses, influenza, rhinovirus, parainfluenza or respiratory syncytial viruses. This prospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted at SKHMC, Jaipur for a period of 1 year (April 2018 to March 2019), aiming to ascertain the effectiveness of characteristic keynote prescription of homoeopathic medicines in the cases of Acute Nasopharyngitis in paediatric age group. In this study, 59 cases of Acute Nasopharyngitis were treated with homoeopathic medicines prescribed on the basis of totality of the symptoms along with characteristic keynote symptoms. Treatment outcomes were assessed using Common Cold Questionnaire. Out of 59 patients, 36 patients (61.0%) were improved; 15 patients (25.5%) were at status quo, and 08 patients (13.5%) became worse. Maximum patients were found to be in the age group of School Age children (n=27; 45.8%) and Pre-School children (n=21; 35.6%). Males were observed to be affected more as compared to females. Paired ttest was conducted on the CCQ scores obtained before and after treatment and the result showed that p value was < 0.05 & t = 8.404, which was statistically significant which concluded that characteristic keynote prescription of homoeopathic medicines was effective in cases of Acute Nasopharyngitis. Keywords Homeopathy; Common Cold; School age children; Observational study

scholarly journals Paediatric multiple sclerosis: a case report of missed and dismissed diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Nebal Wael Saadi ◽  
Qusay Abed Fahad
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Facial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Autoimmune Disease

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Up to 10 % of MS patients have onset in paediatric age group. Although the clinical profile of MS appears similar to that seen in adults, several features may differ and specific issues arise in children. Here, we reported a 12-year old girl who presented with 3-year history of episodes of seizures and facial nerve palsy and finally fatigue and cognitive impairment were noted and interfered with her academic performance. Because of the presumed atypical clinical presentations, the diagnosis was missed then dismissed despite neuroimaging features and CSF immunological findings that were highly suggestive of MS. Later, evolution of the disease by neuroimaging helped confirming the diagnosis and directed toward the delayed therapy.

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