California Marine Oil Spill Fisheries Closure: Key Processes of the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) During a Fisheries Closure Event

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. abs102
Author(s):  
Susan A. Klasing ◽  
Robert K. Brodberg ◽  
Ellen R. Faurot-Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
California Department ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

ABSTRACT Following the 2007 M/V Cosco Busan oil spill in San Francisco Bay, California, legislation was enacted to provide for the closure of fisheries by the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) after oil spills in marine waters. This legislation (DFG Code Section 5654) facilitated a partnership between the state's primary oil spill responder, the Department of Fish and Game, Office of Spill Prevention and Response (DFG/OSPR), and the state's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), the agency responsible for determining whether fish caught in California waters can be safely consumed. A fisheries closure protocol established as a result of the statute stipulates the role of staff at both agencies, from the initial spill responders to data evaluation and reopening of a closed fishery. OEHHA staff is required to assess the need for fisheries closure following a spill event. When a fisheries closure is deemed necessary for more than 48 hours, OEHHA will select species and chemicals for analysis, determine sampling strategies, conduct a risk assessment on the safety of fish and shellfish consumption, and work with DFG/OSPR to modify closure boundaries, if indicated. Relevant case study information from California spills, including the T/V Dubai Star is shown.

scholarly journals A Web-Based GIS Planning Framework For Urban Oil Spill Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Y. Han
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Planning Processes

The thesis is comprised of five chapters. Chapter 1 presents an introduction and identifies the spill issues and strategy gaps at the municipal level. The objectives and scope of this study are indicated in this chapter. Chapter 2 is the literature review of oil spill research and the role of GIS and its distributed form, Web-based GIS. In this chapter, focus is directed at the review of land-based oil spills and their characteristics, spill prevention measures, control technology, and response and cleanup. It also elaborates on spill related law and enforcement within the Canadian legal system. The applications of GIS and Web-based GIS in spill-related fields are reviewed in this chapter. Chapter 3 focuses on the information needs for the establishment of an oil spill planning framework. How GIS and Web-based GIS could facilitate planning processes. Chapter 4 discusses Web-based GIS architecture as refined for municipal spill management. Chapter 5 presents the case study which examines the planning framework based on a Web-based GIS architecture, and Chapter 6 highlights the conclusions of the study, suggestions and recommendations for urban oil spill management based on the research findings--From the Introduction.

scholarly journals A Web-Based GIS Planning Framework For Urban Oil Spill Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Y. Han
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Planning Processes

The thesis is comprised of five chapters. Chapter 1 presents an introduction and identifies the spill issues and strategy gaps at the municipal level. The objectives and scope of this study are indicated in this chapter. Chapter 2 is the literature review of oil spill research and the role of GIS and its distributed form, Web-based GIS. In this chapter, focus is directed at the review of land-based oil spills and their characteristics, spill prevention measures, control technology, and response and cleanup. It also elaborates on spill related law and enforcement within the Canadian legal system. The applications of GIS and Web-based GIS in spill-related fields are reviewed in this chapter. Chapter 3 focuses on the information needs for the establishment of an oil spill planning framework. How GIS and Web-based GIS could facilitate planning processes. Chapter 4 discusses Web-based GIS architecture as refined for municipal spill management. Chapter 5 presents the case study which examines the planning framework based on a Web-based GIS architecture, and Chapter 6 highlights the conclusions of the study, suggestions and recommendations for urban oil spill management based on the research findings--From the Introduction.

The effect of oil spills on the bacterial diversity and catabolic function in coastal sediments: a case study on the Prestige oil spill

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 15200-15214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Acosta-González ◽  
Sophie-Marie Martirani-von Abercron ◽  
Ramon Rosselló-Móra ◽  
Regina-Michaela Wittich ◽  
Silvia Marqués
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Prestige Oil Spill ◽  
The Prestige

The role of data source selection in chemical hazard assessment: A case study on organic photovoltaics

2019 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyang He ◽  
Yadira Gutierrez ◽  
Thomas M. Young ◽  
Julie M. Schoenung
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Organic Photovoltaics ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Chemical Hazard ◽  
Data Source

scholarly journals Antiviral Marketing: The Informationalization of HIV Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret MacAulay
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus De L’Immunodéficience Humaine

Background Leveraging the affordances of technology to enhance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention efforts has become an increasing public health priority. Grounded in a case study examining the role of networked information technologies in reshaping the HIV prevention landscape for gay men in San Francisco and Vancouver, this article proposes that HIV prevention has become informationalized. Analysis  The informationalization of HIV prevention is a convergent and participatory process where networked information technologies not only mediate but also produce HIV risk subjectivities, discourses, and practices in ambivalent ways.Conclusion and implications  This article argues that although informationalization creates many important opportunities to revitalize HIV prevention, the binary logic of data and code can unwittingly reproduce hierarchies of guilt/innocence and perpetrator/victim that pose challenges for community-based HIV advocacy efforts.Contexte  L’utilisation des dernières technologies pour contrer le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) est devenue de plus en plus prioritaire en santé publique. Cet article se fonde sur une étude de cas portant sur comment les technologies de l’information en réseau ont modifié la prévention du VIH parmi les hommes gais à San Francisco et Vancouver. L’étude suggère que dans ces circonstances la prévention du VIH est devenue informationnalisée. Analyse  Cette informationnalisation est un processus convergent et participatif où les réseaux informationnels ne font pas que transmettre les subjectivités, pratiques et discours relatifs au risque du VIH mais aussi produisent ceux-ci de manières ambivalentes.Conclusions et implications  Cet article soutient que, bien que l’informationnalisation crée de nombreuses occasions pour améliorer la prévention du VIH, la logique binaire de « données » et « codes » peut par inadvertance reproduire certaines hiérarchies (culpabilité/innocence, agresseur/victime) qui entravent les efforts de la communauté pour prévenir le VIH.

scholarly journals Modeling of <i>E. coli</i> distribution for hazard assessment of bathing waters affected by combined sewer overflows

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1219-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Locatelli ◽  
Beniamino Russo ◽  
Alejandro Acero Oliete ◽  
Juan Carlos Sánchez Catalán ◽  
Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Bathing Water ◽  
Bathing Waters ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Bathing Water Quality

Abstract. Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) affect bathing water quality of receiving water bodies by bacterial pollution. The aim of this study is to assess the health hazard of bathing waters affected by CSOs. This is useful for bathing water managers, for risk assessment purposes, and for further impact and economic assessments. Pollutant hazard was evaluated based on two novel indicators proposed in this study: the mean duration of insufficient bathing water quality (1) over a period of time (i.e., several years) and (2) after single CSO/rain events. In particular, a novel correlation between the duration of seawater pollution and the event rainfall volume was developed. Pollutant hazard was assessed through a coupled urban drainage and seawater quality model that was developed, calibrated and validated based on local observations. Furthermore, hazard assessment was based on a novel statistical analysis of continuous simulations over a 9-year period using the coupled model. Finally, a validation of the estimated hazard is also shown. The health hazard was evaluated for the case study of Badalona (Spain) even though the methodology presented can be considered generally applicable to other urban areas and related receiving bathing water bodies. The case study presented is part of the EU-funded H2020 project BINGO (Bringing INnovation to OnGOing water management – a better future under climate change).

JAPANESE GOVERNMENTAL AND INDUSTRIAL MEASURES FOR THE CONTROL OF MARINE OIL SPILLS

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Chikao Funatani
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Marine Disaster ◽  
Marine Oil Spills ◽  
Marine Disasters ◽  
Prevention Center ◽  
Spill Control

ABSTRACT Development of an effective oil spill control system in Japan was spurred by two marine disasters in 1974 which brought about an organizational and physical reinforcement of the nation's capability to respond to oil spills. This paper describes today's legal structure for oil spill control, the organizational concepts used at various levels to provide joint efforts by government agencies and industry, the role of the Marine Disaster Prevention Center which serves as the nucleus of the necessary control operations, and research and development highlights of ongoing Japanese efforts to prevent, control, and clean up oil spills.

A Comprehensive System for Simulating Oil Spill Trajectory and Behaviour in Subsurface and Surface Water Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 1251-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Li ◽  
Haibo Niu ◽  
Shihan Li ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandes ◽  
Ramiro Neves
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Significant Support ◽  
Oil Droplet Size

Abstract 2017-184: Accidental release of pollutants such as offshore oil spills can cause significant negative impacts on the environment and socio-economy, and constitutes a direct hazard to marine life and human health. Particularly, deepwater blowout released spills are more challenging to study because the trajectory and behaviour of oil are difficult to be comprehensively simulated. Although there are many integrated or coupled models available, there still lacks open source deepwater oil spill models to predict not only the trajectory but also the mass balance of oil. It is the objective of this study to fill this gap by coupling the Texas A&M Oilspill Calculator (TAMOC) for nearfield simulation and the advanced oil spill module in the Modelo Hidrodinâmico (MOHID) 3D Water modeling system. In addition, the Weber number scaling approach is also integrated in both the near- and far-field simulation for oil droplet size prediction. The applicability of the proposed comprehensive system is tested by a case study of simulation of oil spills released from a depth of 3,500 m in the Scotian Shelf, Canada. The results demonstrate a high feasibility of the proposed system. By providing comprehensive simulation for oil spills, the developed system should provide significant support to the response to offshore oil spill, especially from deepwater blowout.

The Refugio Oil Spill Response: Case Study and Lessons’ Learned/Best Practices for the Future

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
Yvonne Najah Addassi ◽  
Julie Yamamoto ◽  
Thomas M. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
California Department ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Santa Barbara County ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT The Refugio Oil Spill occurred on May 19, 2015, due to the failure of an underground pipeline, owned and operated by a subsidiary of Plains All-American Pipeline near Highway 101 in Santa Barbara County. The Responsible Party initially estimated the amount of crude oil released at about 104,000 gallons, with 21,000 gallons reaching the ocean. A Unified Command (UC) was established consisting of Incident Commanders from the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR), Santa Barbara County, and Plains Pipeline with additional participation by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California State Parks. Within hours, the CDFW closed fisheries and the following day Governor Brown declared a state of emergency for Santa Barbara County. The released oil caused heavy oiling of both on and offshore areas at Refugio State Beach and impacted other areas of Santa Barbara and Ventura. A number of factors created unique challenges for the management of this response. In addition to direct natural resource impacts, the closure of beaches and fisheries occurred days before the Memorial Day weekend resulting in losses for local businesses and lost opportunities for the public. The Santa Barbara community, with its history with oil spills and environmental activism, was extremely concerned and interested in involvement, including the use of volunteers on beaches. Also this area of the coast has significant tribal and archeologic resources that required sensitive handling and coordination. Finally, this area of California’s coast is a known natural seep area which created the need to distinguish spilled from ‘naturally occurring’ oil. Most emergency responses, including oil spills, follow a similar pattern of command establishment, response and cleanup phases, followed by non-response phase monitoring, cleanup and restoration. This paper will analyze the Refugio oil spill response in three primary focus areas: 1) identify the ways in which this spill response was unique and required innovative and novel solutions; 2) identify the ways in which this response benefited from the ‘lessons’ learned from both the Deepwater Horizon and Cosco Busan oil spills; and 3) provide a summary of OSPR’s response evaluation report for Refugio, with specific focus on how the lessons learned and best practices will inform future planning efforts within California.

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