scholarly journals An Appraisal of Borehole Water Quality Index in Selected Areas within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
P. O. Nzenwa ◽  
C. E. Igwe ◽  
U. C. Edward ◽  
C. C. Obasi ◽  
N. E. Okwodu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Health Association ◽  
Borehole Water

Borehole water is one of the major sources of potable water in most developing countries of the world. Therefore, it becomes imperative to evaluate the continuing portability of these sources of water to the populace. The present study was undertaken to appraise the water quality of selected boreholes in Owerri Metropolis using the water quality index (WQI) method. Samples were collected from five different locations under stringent protocols. The water samples were analyzed for selected physicochemical properties and compared with WHO permissible limits and American Public Health Association. Results showed that the assayed parameters were within WHO permissible limits except Turbidity in Locations 2, 3 and 4. Water quality index ranged from 24.91 to 70.06. This study revealed that the investigated borehole waters are mostly portable and can be consumed. Nonetheless, the sources identified to be of poor quality should be treated before consumption.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality of Okomu Wetland Using Water Quality Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
S. I. Ehiorobo ◽  
A. E. Ogbeibu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

The water quality of the Okomu Wetland was evaluated using the Water Quality Index (WQI) technique which provides a number that expresses overall water quality of a water body or water sample at a particular time. Sampling of physicochemical parameters spanned two years covering the wet and dry seasons and the water quality data were obtained from 10 sampling locations; Ponds 36, 52, 54, 61, 64, 90, 94, Arhakhuan Stream, Okomu River (Agekpukpu) and Okomu River (Iron bridge) all within the Okomu National Park. Parameters such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Chlorine (Cl), Nitrate (NO3), Sulphate (SO4), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), (Iron) Fe, Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Lead (Pb), and Nikel (Ni) were used to compute WQI and the values obtained for the wetland ranged between 34.36 and 167.28. The Index shows that pond 36, 52 and 54 are unfit for drinking with values between 103.86 and 167.28; ponds 61 and 64 are of the very poor quality category with WQI values of 95.19 and 92.44 respectively, Pond 90, pond 94, Arhakhuan Stream and Okomu River (Agekpukpu) are of poor quality and WQI values between and 53.58 and 73.15. Whereas, the Okomu River (Iron bridge) is within the good water quality (34.36) category. The Okomu River by Iron bridge is of good quality rating while other sampled points were of poor, very poor or unfit for drinking though these water bodies are mostly free from anthropogenic activities because of the conservative status of the study area. A major source of pollution within the wetland is surface runoff. The water quality of the wetland may not be suitable for man’s consumption especially pond water which are majorly impacted by runoff, yet very important for the survival and sustenance of the forest animals and plants. The water quality index (WQI) interprets physicochemical characteristics of water by providing a value which expresses the overall water quality and thus, reveals possible pollution problems of a water body. It turns complex water quality data into information that is easily understandable and usable by scientists, researchers and the general public.

scholarly journals Water Quality Index (WQI) Approach to Evaluate the Water Quality of Certain Tank Waters of Tiptur Taluk in Tumkur District, Karnataka, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
A Shivanna ◽  
G Nagendrappa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Investigation Period ◽  
The Impact

Evaluation of water quality using different parameters is complex and not easy to understand as it is variable by variable discussion. Water quality index is a single value indicator used to evaluate and present the water quality to the public and the related management in precise and understandable manner. Measured values of eleven physico-chemical parameters namely, pH, TDS, TH, Cl-,NO3-,SO42-,HCO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+ were used to calculate WQI of six tanks in Tiptur taluk. The study was taken up to understand the impact of agriculture run off from the respective catchment area, domestic sewage input and human activities which contribute to pollution load. During the investigation period from December-2010 to November-2012, it was found that the overall water quality index of the studied tanks ranged from 46.72 to 92.22 indicating the quality ranging from good quality to very poor quality. Values of variables TDS, HCO3-, Na+ and K+exceeded their desirable limits of BIS/ICMR in Karadi, Halkurke and Honnavalli tanks which depend on rain water. Waters in these tanks were of moderately poor to very poor quality. Waters of Canal fed tanks were of good to moderately poor quality.

Indice de qualité de l'eau pour détecter l'impact de la pollution diffuse urbaine

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Couillard ◽  
Yves Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Qualité De L’Eau ◽  
Combined Sewer

This study fits into the scheme of research work being carried out to control stormwater rejects. Its main objective is to represent, with the help of a water quality index, the deterioration of the quality of the Saint-Charles River, caused by the combined sewer overflows of Quebec City, Canada, during a rainstorm. The proposed quality index has been applied to evaluate the recreational use of the river.The overall results obtained in the case of a 20 mm rain show index values that characterize a water of poor quality. Moreover, within the region of the combined sewer overflow, a minimum delay of 24 h is necessary to allow the water quality of the Saint-Charles River to return to the level where it was at the dry period, which generally has a value less than the critical value for recreative use. Key words: water quality index, urban runoff, water pollution, nonpoint source of pollution, water quality, water use, environmental impact, pollution control.

scholarly journals Impact of Waste and Industrial Effluent on Ground Water Quality Index in Rabigh Area, Makkah Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 2503-2508
Author(s):  
Rawan H. Alansari ◽  
Rawan N. Alrajhi ◽  
Rana A. Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drinking Purpose

The quality of surface water and groundwater has deteriorated as a result of increased industrialization, urbanization and agricultural practices during the last few decades. Contaminated groundwater can cause major health problems in humans, such as typhoid and other infections. Similar in the case of Rabigh Governorate, the groundwater is one of the main sources of water for domestic and agriculture purposes in its villages situated in western Saudi Arabia. Many factories have been established in Rabigh region in recent years and day to day input of numerous untreated/partially treated water resulting in major environmental problems, one of which is the low quality of groundwater causing serious environmental and health issues. The presented study discusses the ground water as the main available and usable source in extremely climatic condition of arid area of Saudi Arabia. The article proceeds with the brief introduction of ground water, its contamination sources and health hazards. For this, 13 water samples were from the randomly selected wells in Rabigh Governorate for quality examine. Water quality index analysis was conducted, which is a useful technique for fast assessment of the quality of any water resource. Various physical and chemical parameters of water quality index such as pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total solids (TS), dissolved oxygen (DO), arsenic and E. coli are measured and analyzed. The values of all groundwater samples are compared with the standard WHO permissible values. The water quality of the wells were classified into “good, poor, very poor and unsuitable for drinking” based on physico-chemical parameters. According to the observed study, water quality range (WQR) for 5 samples (38% of the samples) are of poor quality, 3 samples (23%) are recorded with a very poor quality and 5 samples (38%) are not suitable for drinking purpose due to presence of high conductivity and TDS values. After taking into consideration the presence of E. coli in 31% of the samples (n = 4), about 62% of the samples (n = 8) are not suitable for drinking purpose, only 23% (n = 3) samples are of poor quality and 15% (n = 2) are very poor quality. The findings reveal a decrease in water quality (unsuitable for drinking purpose) in 8 out of 13 collected samples. It is believed that waste and industrial activities have an impact on groundwater quality in the study area, however, a nationwide investigation should be conducted to validate this finding.

Assessment of Pollution Load in Terms of Water Quality Index and Modelling of Taladanda Canal and Mahanadi River in Paradip Area, Odisha, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Rabiranjan Prusty ◽  
Trinath Biswal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Mahanadi River ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Modelling Of Water Quality

The modelling of water quality is an integrated source of good management, which benefits the environment and its people. In the present study, the quality of water was measured in terms of physicochemical analysis and WQI. This analysis facilitates the eco-management study of the water. In this article, we have measured the quality of the water in Taladanda canal and river Mahanadi nearby Paradip area in terms of WQI for the year 2017. Five different sampling stations were selected from Taladanda canal and nine sampling points were selected from river Mahanadi. It was found that the water quality index in most of the areas was much higher, however, the water is of poor quality. But in PPL site areas, the quality of water was found to be very poor and not suitable for human use. The pollution load was found to be much higher in the Taladanda canal and moderate in Mahanadi River near the Paradip area.

Evaluation of Ground Water Quality For AL Shuwayja area –Wasit Provence Using GIS Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ali Nasser Hilo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Water Index ◽  
The City

The low level of water in rivers in Iraq leads to poor water quality, on that basis; we need to assess Iraq's water resources for uses of irrigation and drinking water. This study present a model accounts for ground water quality by using a water quality index (WQI) for the region defined between the city of Kut and the city of Badra in Wasit province. this study relies on a system of wells set up along the path through the Badra –Kut  and around it  up to 78 wells. The study showed poor quality of ground water in the region of study and it is unsuitability for irrigation and drinking water, as well as provided a solution to the water accumulated in the Shuwayja to reduce the bad effect on groundwater by using a system of branch and collection canals  then pumping at the effluent  of Al  Shuwayja in seasons of rainy season ..Water quality index calculated depend on the basis of various physic-chemical parameters as PH, Ec , TDS, TSS, Nacl , SO4 ,Na , and  Mg. The resultant and analytical are present with use of Arch GIS program – geostastical analysis for the water index and water quality parameters

scholarly journals Assessment of ground water quality of lahar block, Bhind district in Madhya Pradesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Y.V. Singh ◽  
Lokesh Kumar Jat ◽  
R. Meena ◽  
S.N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality Index

<p>In sustainable groundwater study, it is necessary to assess the quality of groundwater in terms of irrigation purposes. The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality through Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) in hard-rock aquifer system and sustainable water use in Lahar block, Bhind of district, Madhya Pradesh, India. The quality of ground water in major part of the study area is generally good. In order to understand the shallow groundwater quality, the water samples were collected from 40 tube wells irrigation water. The primary physical and chemical parameters like potential Hydrogen (pH), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>), magnesium (Mg<sup>2+</sup>), sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>), potassium (K<sup>+</sup>), bicarbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), carbonate (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>), chloride (Cl<sup>-</sup>), and nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) were analyzed for (irrigation water quality index ) IWQI. The secondary parameters of irrigation groundwater quality indices such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Soluble Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI), and Kellies Ratio (KR) were also derived from the primary parameter for irrigation water quality index (IWQI). The IWQI was classified into excellent to unfit condition of groundwater quality based on their Water Quality Index (WQI). The IWQI (82.5%+15.0%) indicate that slightly unsustainable to good quality of ground water. Due to this quality deterioration of shallow aquifer, an immediate attestation requires for sustainable development.</p>

Water-Quality Assessment of Lv-Tang River in Zhanjiang, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Yun Liu ◽  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
Xiao Jian Liang ◽  
Yan Peng Lin ◽  
Rong Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Parameter ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
National Quality

Based on the water quality investigation data of December in 2010, the water environment quality of Lv-tang River in Zhanjiang national urban wetland park was assessed using single water quality parameter model and integrated water quality index model. The results show that the water quality of Lv-tang River is worse than the national quality standards for Grade V. The water is polluted seriously. The main pollutants are total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand CODCr with their average concentrations of 60.49 mg/L, 30.57 mg/L and 227.38mg/L, respectively. The averages of their single parameter pollution index are 30.25 , 19.79 and 8.74. The average of single parameter pollution index of the river is 8.23 which indicated that the river belongs to heavy pollution zone. The integrated water quality index was 22.5 showing that the river belongs to serious pollution zone.

scholarly journals The implementation of an aquatic toxicity index as a water quality monitoring tool in the Olifants River (Kruger National Park)

Koedoe ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Wepener ◽  
J.H.J. Van Vuren ◽  
H.H. Du Preez
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
National Park ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Toxicity Index ◽  
Olifants River

Large sets of water quality data can leave water quality managers and decision-makers totally overwhelmed. In order to convey the interpretation of the data in a simplified and understandable manner, the water quality results from bi-monthly surveys undertaken at seven different sampling sites in the Letaba, Olifants, and Selati rivers over a two year period (February 1990 to April 1992) were reduced to index values, using a water quality index. The water quality index (Aquatic Toxicity Index or ATI) revealed spatial and temporal trends. The higher index values, recorded for the sampling sites towards the eastern part of the Kruger National Park (KNP), revealed that the water quality was better than the quality measured in the Olifants River on the western bound-ary. The lowest index values were calculated for the Selati River, with index values consistently below 50. Index values indicate that the water quality in the Selati River was unsuitable for supporting normal physiological processes in fish. The water quality of the Selati River had an immediate impact on the water quality of the Olifants River directly below the confluence. Lower index values recorded at sites further downstream was also attributed to the influence of the Selati River since there are no known point sources of contaminants within the boundaries of the KNP. The index scores also elucidated temporal trends with lower scores evident during winter months. This was due to reduced flow in the Olifants River and a greater contribution of contaminated water from the Selati River. Index values increased following the first seasonal rains due to a dilution effect. Very low index values were recorded at certain sites during flood periods due to increased turbidity, reduced oxygen, and increased metal concentrations.

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