scholarly journals Effect of Drilling Wastes on Urease Activities and Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR) in Wetland Soil of Delta and Bayelsa States, South-South, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mirinn ◽  
E. P. Berezi ◽  
K. T. Nwauche
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Substrate Induced Respiration ◽  
Mangrove Soils ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Drilling Wastes

The effect of drilling waste on urease activities and substrate-induced respiration in wetland soil of Niger Delta of Nigeria was investigated, using Fadama, mangrove and meander soils respectively. Urease activity and substrate-induced respiration (SIR) were measured after 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 105 and 140 days of incubation to evaluate the effects of drilling waste on soil biochemical perimeters. Results obtained indicated that Fadama soil urease activities varied from 13.5 to 2.10 mg NH4 – Hg-1 dry soil in drilling waste. Mangrove soil varied from 13.5 to 2.22 mg NH4 – Ng-1 dry soil in drilling waste. Meander soil activities varied from 14.7 to 3.10 mg NH4 – Ng-1 dry soil in drilling waste. Also, the substrate-induced respiration in Fadama and mangrove soil range from 2.05 to 0.05 ml CO2 kg-1 24 h-1 in drilling waste respectively. Analysis of enzyme activities indicated positive relationship between urease activities and SIR (r = 0.78, p < 0.05 Fadama (r = 1, P < 0.05 Mangrove) and (r = 0.83, P < 0.05 Meander). There was also a positive relationship between 5%, 10% and 15% treatment levels in Fadama, meander and mangrove soils.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF STORAGE, REFINERY AND DISPOSING OF DRILLING WASTE OF THE EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION SECTOR OF KAZAKHSTAN. ARRANGEMENT AND OPERATION FEATURES OF SLUDGE COLLECTORS AND OIL STORAGE PITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (446) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
O. V. Rozhkova ◽  
M. T. Yermekov ◽  
Ye. T. Tolysbayev ◽  
S. G. Maryinsky ◽  
A. V. Vetyugov
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
High Level ◽  
Drilling Wastes ◽  
Water Waste

A lot of drilling wastes with various content of oil products is formed annually during production of hydrocarbons in the result of accidents at the facilities of transportation and oil production, soil is polluted. So, main contaminants of the environment are drilling wastes such as drilling, drilling waste water, waste drilling fluid and places of their disposition - sludge pits. Total amount of the oil slurry annually formed at enterprises of the oil sector of Kazakhstan is about 100 thousand ton, and resources of these wastes are estimated in more than 40 mln. ton. The wastes are placed in special sludge pits equipped with watertight screen. However, in spite of the available modern technologies for arrangement of waterproof finish of the drilling waste disposal facilities, high level of soil pollution is still observed. As a rule, pollutions are related to violation of the requirements of the standards during construction and operation of sludge pits, products pipelines, tailing dumps, sludge collectors and temporary storages. Therefore it is necessary to build reliable storages for temporary placement of the formed wastes until their delivery for recovery or disposing, during operation of which there will be no migration of pollutants to the environment. It is suggested to use bentonitic mats as waterproof finish of such facilities - this is innovative by properties, multifunctional composite material, which is combination of textile materials with the layer of the natural self- recovering mineral component - bentonite.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes with Anticandida Activity from Mangrove Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-615
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sharifi ◽  
Nirichan Kunchirman Bipinraj
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Mangrove Soils ◽  
Characterization Studies

Candida albicans, a common human commensal, is the leading cause of nosocomial infections due to the emergence of drug resistance. The present study reports the isolation and identification of actinomycetes from mangrove soil and characterization of its antagonistic activity against drug resistant Candida species. Mangrove soils from Khargar, Navi Mumbai were screened for actinomycetes with anti-candida activity. In total, 20 actinomycetes culture were isolated from mangrove soil sample, amongst the culture designated as MB was found to inhibit all tested pathogenic Candida cultures. The isolate MB was identified using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing as Streptomyces viridocromogenes. MB culture showed maximum activity after incubation period of 48 to 72 h, pH of 6.2 and temperature of 30℃. Partially purified active molecule was found to be inactivated by heat treatment but resisted proteinase K, indicating the compound can be an antibiotic in nature. The study highlights the isolation of Streptomyces viridocromogenes with antagonistic activity against multidrug resistant Candida from mangrove soil. This culture is an ideal candidate for further characterization studies for anti-candida molecules.

scholarly journals Spatial Variability and Relationship of Mangrove Soil Organic Matter to Organic Carbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pasicha Chaikaew ◽  
Suchana Chavanich
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Conversion Factor ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Subsurface Soil ◽  
Mangrove Soils ◽  
Relationship Of

Degradation and destruction of mangrove forests in many regions have resulted in the alteration of carbon cycling. Objectives of this study were established to answer the question regarding how much soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored in wetland soils in part of the upper northeastern Gulf of Thailand and to what extent SOC is related to organic matter (OM). A total of 29 soil samples were collected in October 2015. Soil physiochemical analyses followed the standard protocol. Spatial distributions were estimated by a kriging method. Linear regression and coefficient were used to determine the suitable conversion factor for mangrove soils. The results showed that surface soil (0–5 cm) contained higher SOC content as compared to subsurface soil (5–10 cm). Considering a depth of 10 cm, this area had a high potential to sequester carbon with a mean ± standard deviation of5.59±2.24%. The spatial variability of OM and SOC revealed that organic matter and carbon decreased with the distance from upstream areas toward the gulf. Based on the assumption that OM is 50% SOC, the conversion factor of 2 is recommended for more accuracy rather than the conventional factor of 1.724.

Biodegradation of hydrocarbon by marine-derived fungi isolated from oil-contaminated beach and mangrove soil in Western Visayas, Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2017357
Author(s):  
Resurreccion B. Sadaba ◽  
Allen Grace T. Niego
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Tropical Fungi ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Mangrove Soils

Napocor Power Barge 103 was dislodged from its moorings and then slammed onto the rocky shoreline of Barangay Botongon when Typhoon Yolanda made a landfall in northern Iloilo on November 8, 2013. The oil spilled contaminated about a kilometre of Estancia's coastline and partly that of neighbouring town of Batad in Northern Iloilo, Western Visayas, Philippines. The present study aimed to isolate and evaluate hydrocarbon-degrading (singly or in combination) abillities of indigenous fungal flora from oil contaminated beach and mangrove soils in these areas. Results showed a total of twenty genera of marine-derived fungi were isolated. These genera included Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Monilia, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Verticillium and Yeast. Among the species, Aspergillus fumigatus obtained the highest frequency of occurrence (43.06%). Penicillium sp1 (EB331) got the highest value for individual category on TPH (64.70%) and PAH (43.42%) degradation. The consortium of Aspergillus fumigatus and Paecilomyces sp1, A+D obtained the highest values of 69.38% and 66.59% on the degradation of TPH and PAH with the increased efficacy of 13.61% and 42.41% on two species consortia. Moreover, the consortium composed of Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus cf. repens and Paecilomyces sp1, A+B+D also were the best degraders of TPH and PAH with the values of 67.87% and 66.95% and increased efficacy of . 13.33% and 47.10%, respectively.Aspergillus cf. repens (BB231) got the highest value (81.98%) on the degradation of alkanes. The consortium of Aspergillus fumigatus and A. niger, A+C were the best alkane degraders at 77.93%with increased efficacy of 8.0%. Finally, the consortium of Aspergillus niger, Paeclomyces sp1 and Penicillium sp1, C+D+E recorded the highest value at 76.99% on the degradation of total alkanes with increased efficacy of 2.20%. This study has demonstrated the hydrocarbon-biodegradtion potential of tropical fungi isolated from oil contaminated habitats useful for future bioremediation activities.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY AND FIRM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM INTERNATIONAL OIL COMPANIES IN NIGER DELTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Nosakhare Ikponmwosa ◽  
Ogbeide Osaremwinda Darlington
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Firm Financial Performance ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the relationship between environmental responsibility and financial performance of international oil companies in Niger Delta region of Nigeria. In pursuance of this, a sample of twelve (12) international oil firms was used for the study. Secondary data were obtained from the audited annual financial reports of the selected companies and Federal Ministry of Environment covering the period of 2009 to 2018. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, panel causality test and fixed effect, selected as the appropriate strategy after using the Hausman test. Based on the data analysis, the study reveals that there is a bi-directional relationship between environmental responsibility and firms’ financial performance. The study further reveals that there is a positive relationship between environmental responsibility and firms’ financial performance. When environmental responsibility interacts with corporate governance, the impact is found to have a significant positive relationship with firms’ financial performance. The study also finds that growth opportunities and firm size are positively and significantly related to firms’ financial performance. Based on the findings, the study recommends effective regulation, strong institutional mechanism and good corporate governance structures to enforce or engender environmental sustainability and compel firms to adopt the culture/strategy of sustainable finance. Such strategy will alleviate the curse of dependency and poverty that comes with the destruction of the environment and the means of sustenance of the people in oil producing communities.

scholarly journals Fusarium Species in Mangrove Soil in Northern Peninsular Malaysia and the Soil Physico-Chemical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Wafa S. Mohamed Zubi ◽  
Masratul Hawa Mohd ◽  
Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor ◽  
Latiffah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mangrove Soils

Fusarium genus comprises important saprophytic and phytopathogenic fungi and is widespread in nature. The present study reports the occurrence of Fusarium spp. in soils from two mangrove forests in northern Peninsular Malaysia and analyzed physico-chemical properties of the mangrove soil. Based on TEF-1α sequences, nine Fusarium species were identified: Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) (n = 77), Fusarium verticillioides (n = 20), Fusarium incarnatum (n = 10), Fusarium proliferatum (n = 7), Fusarium lateritium (n = 4), Fusarium oxysporum (n = 3), Fusarium rigidiuscula (n = 2), Fusarium chlamydosporum (n = 1), and Fusarium camptoceras (n = 1); FSSC isolates were the most prevalent. Phylogenetic analysis of the combined TEF-1α and ITS sequences revealed diverse phylogenetic affinities among the FSSC isolates and potentially new phylogenetic clades of FSSC. Soil analysis showed varied carbon content, pH, soil moisture, and salinity, but not nitrogen content, between sampling locations. Regardless of the physico-chemical properties, various Fusarium species were recovered from the mangrove soils. These were likely saprophytes; however, some were well-known plant pathogens and opportunistic human pathogens. Thus, mangrove soils might serve as inoculum sources for plant and human pathogenic Fusarium species. The present study demonstrates the occurrence of various Fusarium species in the extreme environment of mangrove soil, thereby contributing to the knowledge on species diversity in Fusarium.

Management of Drilling Waste in an Environment and Economic Acceptable Manner

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3396-3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Zheng Liang ◽  
Xiong Deng
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Drilling Wastes ◽  
And Control

In upstream petroleum industry, one of the major operations that can potentially impact the environment is drilling. A major component of the wastes generated during drilling are the rock cuttings and the drilling fluids. The drilling fluids can have different chemical composition and various additives. Spilled or improperly disposed drilling wastes have the potential to harm plants and animals, and it should be managed to minimize risk to human health and the environment. The increasing environmental legislation surrounding drilling operations has led to a rapid rise in drilling waste management spending by operators. Managing wastes to minimize their harm potential to health and environment is the international concern and requires efficient management of wastes to reduce the environmental impacts. The management and control of waste which develops from the strategy can also have the beneficial effect of reducing the number of health related issues.This paper presents the waste management including recognizing the waste sources and methods which are used to minimize the impaction to environment and human health from drilling waste. This paper also reviews the strategy of drilling waste management which could reduce the number of health related issues as well as environment pollution.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting New Graduate Entrepreneurial Intention: An Empirical Study of the Unemployed Graduates in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Wisdom Kalabeke
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Cultural Factor ◽  
State University ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
New Graduate ◽  
The University ◽  
The Unemployed

The current research examined the effect of Startup capital, Educational system and Culture on entrepreneurial intention among fresh graduate in Nigeria. The data were collected from Graduates and undergraduate’s students in the University of Lagos, Kaduna State University, Abia State University, University of Calabar and Niger Delta University, 250 questionnaires were distributed and 180 responses were collected and analyzed. The findings confirmed the strong positive relationship between variables of the study. Startup Capital/Infrastructure, Education and Cultural Factor account for 58% of the variance in Entrepreneurial intention. The study hopes to help academicians and curriculum planners to be mindful of entrepreneurship when drafting and implementing curriculum to motivate student accumulate intentions to start a business.

scholarly journals Methane Emission from Mangrove Wetland Soils Is Marginal but Can Be Stimulated Significantly by Anthropogenic Activities

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiawan Zheng ◽  
Jiemin Guo ◽  
Weimin Song ◽  
Jianxiang Feng ◽  
Guanghui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Mangrove Wetland ◽  
Mangrove Wetlands ◽  
Mangrove Soils

Mangrove wetland soils have been considered as important sources for atmospheric CH4, but the magnitude of CH4 efflux in mangrove wetlands and its relative contribution to climate warming compared to CO2 efflux remains controversial. In this study, we measured both CH4 and CO2 effluxes from mangrove soils during low or no tide periods at three tidal zones of two mangrove ecosystems in Southeastern China and collected CH4 efflux data from literature for 24 sites of mangrove wetlands worldwide. The CH4 efflux was highly variable among our field sites due to the heterogeneity of mangrove soil environments. On average, undisturbed mangrove sites have very low CH4 efflux rates (ranging from 0.65 to 14.18 μmol m−2 h−1; median 2.57 μmol m−2 h−1), often less than 10% of the global warming potentials (GWP) caused by the soil CO2 efflux from the same sites (ranging from 0.94 to 9.50 mmol m−2 h−1; median 3.67 mmol m−2 h−1), even after considering that CH4 has 28 times more GWP over CO2. Plant species, study site, tidal position, sampling time, and soil characteristics all had no significant effect on mangrove soil CH4 efflux. Combining our field measurement results and literature data, we demonstrated that the CH4 efflux from undisturbed mangrove soils was marginal in comparison with the CO2 efflux in most cases, but nutrient inputs from anthropogenic activities including nutrient run-off and aquaculture activities significantly increased CH4 efflux from mangrove soils. Therefore, CH4 efflux from mangrove wetlands is strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities, and future inventories of CH4 efflux from mangrove wetlands on a regional or global scale should consider this phenomenon.

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