scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF STORAGE, REFINERY AND DISPOSING OF DRILLING WASTE OF THE EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION SECTOR OF KAZAKHSTAN. ARRANGEMENT AND OPERATION FEATURES OF SLUDGE COLLECTORS AND OIL STORAGE PITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (446) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
O. V. Rozhkova ◽  
M. T. Yermekov ◽  
Ye. T. Tolysbayev ◽  
S. G. Maryinsky ◽  
A. V. Vetyugov
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
High Level ◽  
Drilling Wastes ◽  
Water Waste

A lot of drilling wastes with various content of oil products is formed annually during production of hydrocarbons in the result of accidents at the facilities of transportation and oil production, soil is polluted. So, main contaminants of the environment are drilling wastes such as drilling, drilling waste water, waste drilling fluid and places of their disposition - sludge pits. Total amount of the oil slurry annually formed at enterprises of the oil sector of Kazakhstan is about 100 thousand ton, and resources of these wastes are estimated in more than 40 mln. ton. The wastes are placed in special sludge pits equipped with watertight screen. However, in spite of the available modern technologies for arrangement of waterproof finish of the drilling waste disposal facilities, high level of soil pollution is still observed. As a rule, pollutions are related to violation of the requirements of the standards during construction and operation of sludge pits, products pipelines, tailing dumps, sludge collectors and temporary storages. Therefore it is necessary to build reliable storages for temporary placement of the formed wastes until their delivery for recovery or disposing, during operation of which there will be no migration of pollutants to the environment. It is suggested to use bentonitic mats as waterproof finish of such facilities - this is innovative by properties, multifunctional composite material, which is combination of textile materials with the layer of the natural self- recovering mineral component - bentonite.

scholarly journals Optimization of Silver Nanoparticle Separation Method from Drilling Waste Matrices

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1950
Author(s):  
Monika Gajec ◽  
Ewa Kukulska-Zając ◽  
Anna Król
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Significant amounts of produced water, spent drilling fluid, and drill cuttings, which differ in composition and characteristics in each drilling operation, are generated in the oil and gas industry. Moreover, the oil and gas industry faces many technological development challenges to guarantee a safe and clean environment and to meet strict environmental standards in the field of processing and disposal of drilling waste. Due to increasing application of nanomaterials in the oil and gas industry, drilling wastes may also contain nanometer-scale materials. It is therefore necessary to characterize drilling waste in terms of nanomaterial content and to optimize effective methods for their determination, including a key separation step. The purpose of this study is to select the appropriate method of separation and pre-concentration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from drilling wastewater samples and to determine their size distribution along with the state of aggregation using single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS). Two AgNP separation methods were compared: centrifugation and cloud point extraction. The first known use of spICP-MS for drilling waste matrices following mentioned separation methods is presented.

scholarly journals Study of the industrial contaminations containing hydrocarbon components and their effect on correlation of protective properties of textiles for clothes

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
Irina Cherunova ◽  
Elena Yakovleva ◽  
Ekaterina Stefanova
Keyword(s):  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Wet Processing ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Level ◽  
Made In

The article represents trends and results of world investigations for safety of textile materials for humans and environment. The algorithm for identification of potential influence vector of chemical emissions from textile and the environmentally aimed methods based on the alternative chemical substances for textile wet processing were presented. Using the procedure for oleophobic effect determination, the oil resistance levels of a number of modern fabrics for clothes were established. The experimental research results of the oil products concentration in the textile materials after chemical treatment based on the method of the capillary gas chromatography were presented. It was found out that hydrocarbons from C14H30 Tetradecane to С36Н74 Hexatriacontane are the main components with high level of contaminants concentration. The average values of hydrocarbon concentration on the cleaned up samples for the main areas of the clothe surface were determined. Accumulation of residual contaminations, based on saturated hydrocarbons (С17Н36 – С25Н52 block) and related special-purpose clothes areas, was identified. Recommendations for target-oriented correlation of the clothes protective properties were proposed. UWO (unified work order). The research was made in Don State Technical University within the framework of State Assignment of the Ministry of education and science of Russia under the project 11.9194.2017/BCh.

The Use of Biotreatment Technology to Dispose of Offshore Drilling Waste Oily Fluids

2012 ◽  
Vol 424-425 ◽  
pp. 592-597
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Li ◽  
Shui Xiang Xie ◽  
Guang Cheng Jiang ◽  
Mu Tai Bao ◽  
Zhi Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Offshore Drilling ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Yeast Powder ◽  
Oily Waste

Disposing of oil-based drilling fluid with biotreatment technology has many advantages: it is only 30-50% of the expense of conventional chemical or physical processing technologies, has a low impact on the environment, with no secondary pollution, and utilizes local control and entails simple operations. After a series of collection, isolation, purification, cultivation and domestication of petroleum degrading bacterial, three strains were obtained that can effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. The growth of the bacterial strains and the consequent crude oil degradation were found to be at the greatest rates using the following biochemical processing conditions. The strains were grown in ammonium nitrate and a small quantity of yeast powder at a temperature of 50°C and pH of 6.0. The strain quantity was 2%, and the rotating speed of the shaker was 180rpm. The biochemical disposal process and laboratory-scale simulation of processing devices of oil-based drilling fluid were also designed. The oil content of disposed oily waste mud generally was generally less than 2mg/L, and the degradability of the waste was over 98%. The performance index meets the requirement of the China’s offshore wastewater discharge standards.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM PACKAGING OF MACHINES WHILE DEVELOPING A CROWN UNDER A VERTICAL STEEL TANK FOR OIL STORAGE WITH A VOLUME OF 5000 M3

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
А. С. Семин ◽  
С. И. Вахрушев
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Dynamic Programming Method ◽  
Network Graph ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Steel Tank ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Optimal Set

Строительство зданий и сооружений нефтяного комплекса представляет собой сложный технологический процесс, в состав которого входит производство земляных работ. Строительная техника для производства земляных работ должна соответствовать как техническим характеристикам для выполнения поставленных задач при определенных внешних условиях, так и экономическим показателям. В статье рассматривается вопрос оптимального комплектования строительных машин при разработке котлована под вертикальный стальной резервуар (РВС). Разработана программа для поиска оптимального комплекта машин, в условиях полной определенности. Расчет основан на методе динамического программирования Дейкстры. В качестве критерия оптимизации выбраны приведенные затраты на единицу одного кубометра строительной продукции. Расчет представлен для каждого этапа производства работ. По результат расчета построен сетевой граф с выбором оптимального комплекта машин. Программа расчета выполнена на высокоуровневом языке программирования общего назначения Python. The construction of buildings and structures of the oil complex is a complex technological process, which includes the production of earthworks. Construction machinery for earthworks should comply with both the technical characteristics for the performance of tasks under certain external conditions and economic indicators. The article discusses the question of the optimal acquisition of construction vehicles during the development of a pit for a vertical steel tank (TVS). A program has been developed to search for the optimal set of machines, in conditions of complete certainty. The calculation is based on the Dijkstra dynamic programming method. As an optimization criterion, the reduced costs per unit of one cubic meter of construction products were selected. The calculation is presented for each stage of the work. Based on the calculation result, a network graph was constructed with the choice of the optimal set of machines. The calculation program is executed in a high-level general-purpose programming language Python.

Analysis of predictive performance in the Eromanga Basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Steven McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
High Level ◽  
Uncertainty Environment ◽  
High Uncertainty ◽  
Eromanga Basin

Strategic and operational management in the exploration and production business is characterised by prediction and decision making in a data-rich, high-uncertainty environment. Analysis of predictive performance since the 1970s by multiple researchers indicates that predictions are subject to over-confidence and optimism negatively impacting performance. The situation is the same for other areas of human endeavour also operating within data-rich, high-uncertainty environments. Research in the fields of psychology and neuroscience indicates the way in which the human brain perceives, integrates and allocates significance to data is the cause. Significant effort has been dedicated to improving the quality of predictions. Many individual companies review their predictive performance during long periods, but few share their data or analysis with the industry at large. Data that is shared is generally presented at a high level, reducing transparency and making it difficult to link the analysis to the geology and data from which predictions are derived. This extended abstract presents an analysis of predictive performance from the Eromanga Basin where pre-drill predictions and detailed production data during a period of decades is available in the public domain, providing an opportunity to test the veracity of past observations and conclusions. Analysis of the dataset indicates that predictions made using both deterministic and probabilistic methodologies have been characterised by over-confidence and optimism. The reasons for this performance are discussed and suggestions for improving predictive capability provided.

Holistic Drilling Fluid and Drilling Waste Management in the Fayetteville Shale

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Mabile ◽  
David Richardson ◽  
Steve Garner ◽  
Barry Broussard ◽  
Richard Jay Smith
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fayetteville Shale ◽  
Drilling Waste

scholarly journals ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЙНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ГОТЕЛЬНИХ МАХРОВИХ РУШНИКІВ

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
А. С. Паршин ◽  
С. І. Арабулі ◽  
А. Т. Арабулі
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Researches

Assessment of the providing level of hotel facilities by quality terry towels based on a comprehensive study of the operational properties of terry textile fabrics. Methodology. Theoretical and experimental researches are based on the basic principles of textile materials science. During experimental studies, modern methods were used to determine the physical and mechanical properties of textile materials, as well as methods of mathematical planning and statistical processing of the experimental results. Results. The state and norms for the provision of hotel facilities in Ukraine with terry towels are given. The assortment of hotel terry towels has been analyzed. The main factors of the formation of a modern assortment of textile materials for hotel terry towels are considered. The focus is on the classic range of double nap terry fabrics for hotel towels. The analyses of the physical and mechanical properties of modern fabrics for hotel towels are present. Indicators characterizing the interaction of textile with liquid moisture have been experimentally determined. The paper presents the results of determining the wear resistance of fabrics after 1, 5 and 10 cycles "wash-ironing". Scientifi c novelty. The data of the physical and mechanical properties of the classic assortment of textile materials for hotel terry towels are systematized. It has been experimentally proven that the assortment of cotton terry textile materials, which is currently available on the Ukrainian market and is used for the manufacture of hotel terry towels, provides a high level of comfort and durability of towels. Practical value. The modern assortment of textile materials for hotel terry towels is analyzed, taking into account the peculiarities of the operational situation of consumption.

Drilling fluid waste treatment using polysaccharide-grafted copolymers

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
K. K. Chandan ◽  
G. P. Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Graft Copolymers ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Flocculation Efficiency ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Settling Rates

A large amount of drilling fluid waste is produced as effluents during exploration and production of oil and gas. Such effluents need to be treated before their final disposal. Efficient coagulation/flocculation can reduce the total amount of disposed effluent, and both coagulation by inorganic salts and flocculation by synthetic flocculants are found to be very effective. The graft-copolymers-based flocculants were prepared using a potassium persulfate initiator solution made by grafting copolymerisation of polyacrylamide onto polysaccharide backbones (starch, guar gum and amylose) in our laboratory. The synthesised graft copolymers have been characterised using various instrumental methods of analysis. The effects of various synthetic flocculants and their concentrations have been studied in combination with the coagulants on coagulation/flocculation of bentonite-based drilling fluid waste have been studied. The effects of coagulant/flocculant dosage, electrolyte concentration and pH on the degree of flocculation of bentonite-based drilling fluid waste was investigated. It was observed that the increase in coagulant/flocculant dosage reduces the residual turbidity and improves the settling rate of the drilling fluid waste. At higher pH conditions, drilling fluid waste dispersions are highly flocculated and have high settling rates and low supernatant turbidity. The combined effect of salt concentration and coagulant/flocculant dosage improves the overall flocculation efficiency of the system.

FRONTIERS AND CHALLENGES FOR INSURERS AND BROKERS

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
S.J.L. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Risk Treatment ◽  
Reinsurance Market

A worsening industry claims experience generated principally by a number of significant offshore construction losses, an increase in attritional losses from wells, and a firming of the reinsurance market has forced insurance brokers and underwriters to re-evaluate the largely conventional range of products and services which it has been providing to the energy exploration and production sector for decades.Challenges posed by advances in technology, environmental pressures, the new geographical frontiers and the inevitable convergence of the insurance and capital markets has committed the energy insurance industry to a course of product innovation and cooperation with new providers of risk treatment products.At the same time the industry must ensure that tried and tested products, which have evolved in line with innovations in the exploration field and which remain relevant, are retained and modified to ensure their continuing relevance and efficiency.The energy insurance market, once generally perceived to be conventional and slow to change, has recognised the needs of its clients and the need to generate dynamic change in parallel with the industry it serves.

Innovative Surfactant Chemistry Offers the Performance Advantages to Invert Emulsion Drilling Fluids While Drilling Under Challenging Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvindbhai Patel ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Nikhil Bidwai ◽  
Sakshi Indulkar ◽  
Vivek Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Treatment Situation ◽  
Invert Emulsion ◽  
Wetting Agents ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Level

Abstract Stable invert emulsion with oil wet solids is achieved using invert emulsifiers and wetting agents. This paper reviews the chemistry and performance criteria of traditional invert emulsifiers and wetting agents utilized in formulating stable invert emulsion drilling fluids. However, occasionally such stable invert emulsion drilling fluids can be destabilized due to various hostile conditions encountered during drilling operation, and can adversely impact the drilling cost. Extreme preventive measures cannot avoid such hostile conditions such as sudden water influx, excessive solids and salt contaminations during drilling. Upon solids becoming extremely water wet with "flipped emulsion", it becomes impossible to fix the drilling fluid, resulting in expensive maneuver. Often situation cannot be corrected with traditional wetting agents and emulsifiers even at high level of treatments. New innovative chemistry addresses the severe water-wetting and emulsion instability of invert emulsion under extreme challenging and hostile situations. The unique water soluble oil mud conditioner (OMC) synergistically enhances the performances of traditional oil-wetting agents and emulsifiers at very low, as little as 0.5 ppb levels of treatment. This OMC improves and extends the efficacy of the traditional invert emulsifiers and oil wetting agents resulting in reduced usage of these additives with excellent economic advantages. The 15.0 ppg, invert emulsion drilling fluids were prepared using 2-3 ppb of primary and secondary emulsifiers, and these fluids were destabilized using high shear mixer for 7-8 hours. The destabilized fluids had severe water wet solids and ES value of less than 5. These destabilized fluids, upon treating with 0.5 ppb of newly developed OMC instantly became oil-wet and shiny and ES was increased to greater than 500. To demonstrate the effectiveness of OMC in pre-treatment situation, the base fluids treated with 0.5 −1.0 ppb of OMC showed superior mud stability compared to base fluid when contaminated with sea water, fine solids, barite and high salt contaminations. The OMC is flexible in its application and can be used as pre-treatment to improve the overall performance of drilling fluids and can also be used for post-treatment to recover the drilling fluids, which have been rendered unusable.

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