In vitro Antisickling and Radical Scavenging Activities of a Poly-herbal Formula (Drepanoalpha®) in Sickle Cell Erythrocyteand Acute Toxicity Study in Wistar Albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1251-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ngbolua ◽  
P. Mpiana ◽  
D. Tshibangu ◽  
P. Mazasa ◽  
B. Gbolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals ANTI ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF HERBO MINERAL SIDDHA PREPARATION ARUMUGA CHENDURAM AGAINST TYPE II COLLAGEN INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
M. Ramamurthy ◽  
V. Thanigavelan ◽  
S. Elansekaran ◽  
V. Srinivasan ◽  
P. Shanmugapriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collagen Induced Arthritis ◽  
Immune Disorder ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Siddha system of medicine is the eternal science of life. It is a system that has its extensive bonding with Dravidian culture, language and beliefs. The system of medicine mostly prevailed and prospered in the regions of Dravidian cultures by the great Siddhars. It’s unique as one only than other AYUSH traditional systems of medicine across India with its distinctive abundant usage of medicinal plants, metals, minerals and animal products. Siddhars used the steps of Alchemy to prepare various medicines from metallic and mineral origin for attainment elixir and various rare diseases. Siddha medicine is classified into 32 types of internal and external medicine each. Among the 32 types of internal medicine Chendhuram is a medicine shelf life of 75 years usually from herbo-mineral combinations. Arumuga Chendhuram (ARC) is a herbo-mineral formulation cited in Siddha literature ‘Siddha Vaithiya Thirattu’. ARC was orally administered at higher dose 2gm/kg to the Wistar Albino rats in acute toxicity study and during 28 days of repeated (sub acute) toxicity study, at daily doses of 12, 24 & 48mg/kg of body weight to the Wistar Albino rats. Type II collagen arthritis is another model for developing autoimmune arthritis. The immune pathogenesis mediated by T cell and B cell response to collagen. By this model, nearly 100% arthritis can be achieved. In our study, ARC after 42 days treatment reduced the arthritic swelling significantly and degree of inflammation evident to act against auto immune disorder.

scholarly journals Acute and Repeated Dose Toxicity Study of Clevira Syrup – A Polyherbal Formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1459-1467
Author(s):  
Uma Narayanamurthy ◽  
Mirunalini .R ◽  
Subha. V ◽  
K. Manimekalai ◽  
Sakthibalan K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Repeated Dose Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim and Objectives: This study evaluated the acute and repeated dose toxicity effects of Clevira Syrup Polyherbal formulation (CSPHF), which was prepared from ten different herbs, well known and widely used in traditional medicine for the management of viral infections and other inflammatory disease conditions. Individually these herbs (Carica papaya, Melia azedarach, Andrographis paniculata, Vetiveria zizanioides, Trichosanthes dioica, Cyperus rotundus, Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Mollugo Cerviana and Tinospora cordifolia )were completely safe, but the polyherbal formulation effects were not known. Thus, this study was done for the investigation of toxicological profile of CSPHF in Wistar Albino rats. Methods: As per OECD(Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) guidelines 423 and 407, Acute and Repeated dose toxicity study were proceeded. In the acute toxicity study a single dose of CSPHF (2000mg/kg) was administered orally to female Wistar rats and in repeated dose toxicity study, CSPHF was administered orally in Control group and three different doses (1000, 500 and 250mg/kg body weight) to both male and female wistar albino rats for 28 days. At the end of the study, the animals were euthanized, observed the external and internal morphology (Acute Toxicity) and assessed the effect of CSPHF on histopathological and biochemical parameters (Repeated Dose toxicity study). Results: In acute toxicity study, there were no visual signs of toxicity of CSPHF (2000mg/kg) observed, whereas in Repeated dose toxicity study Ischaemia, inflammation and hematoma of the internal organs were observed at 1000mg/kg dose, but no such toxic features were seen at 500 and 250mg/kg dose of CSPHF. Conclusion: The results of the Acute and Repeated Dose toxicity study could be authenticated in future studies, which will be more useful and evidence based for the management of Viral infectionsduring pandemics.

PHARMACOGNOSTIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF Ficus sycomorus (Linn) (Moraceae) ROOT AND STEM BARK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-614
Author(s):  
Murtala M. Namadina ◽  
H. Haruna ◽  
U. Sanusi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Most of biochemical reactions in the body generates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are involved in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress-related disorders like diabetes, nephrotoxicity, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, inflammation and neurological disorders when they attack biochemical molecules like proteins, lipids and nucleic acid. Antioxidants are used to protect the cells or tissues against potential attack by ROS. Most medicinal plants possess a rich source of antioxidants such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, alkaloids among others. These phytochemicals are currently pursued as an alternative and complimentary drug. In this study, phytochemical components, antioxidant and acute toxicity study of the methanol extract of stem bark and root of F. sycomorus were carried out using standard methods. Findings from this study revealed the presence of some diagnostic microscopical features such as calcium oxalate, starch, gum/mucilage, lignin, Aleurone grain, suberized/Cuticular cell wall and inulin but calcium carbonate was absent in stem bark but present in the powdered root. Quantitative physical constants include moisture contents (6.40% and 7.82%), ash value (7.20% and 9.30 %) in stem bark and root respectively. Carbohydrates, alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycoside, steroid, triterpenes and phenols were present in all the extracts. They were found to exhibit potent 1,1,-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free scavenging activity. The DPPH radical scavenging ability of the extracts showed the following trend Ascorbic acid < stem bark extract˃ root extract. The LD50 of the methanolic stem bark and root extracts were found to be greater than 5000 mg /kg and is considered safe for use. Nonetheless, further

In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Withania coagulans extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejas Patel ◽  
B.N. Suhagia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Study Results

Background: Diabetes mellitus is major issue to public health as its prevalence is rising day by day. Synthetic agents available for the diabetic treatment are expensive or produce undesirable side effect on chronic use and some of them are not suitable during pregnancy. Herbal medicines accepted widely due to side effects and low cost. Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the activity of Withania coagulans extract using In-vitro and In-vivo model. Methods: Different three types of Withania coagulans extract were prepared using aqueous (W1), Alcohol (W2) and hydro-alcoholic (50:50) mixture (W3). In-vitro Anti-diabetic activity of the all three extracts evaluated using RINm5F Pancreatic beta cells.Further, n-vivo anti-diabetic evaluation performed by administering 50 mg/kg (p.o) aqueous extract for 7 days in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice. Body weight of the animals was also determined to perform acute toxicity study. Results: The results of in –vitro cell based study indicated that among all three extract, aqueous extract (W1) of Withania coagulans showed potential increase in inulin release. The EC50 of the W1 (249.6 µg/L) which is compared with standard (Glibenclamide) EC50. From the results of In-vitro study, W1 subjected for acute toxicity study and the acute toxicity study results indicated LD50 of 50mg/kg. Diabetic rats treated with W1 extract at oral dose of 50 mg/kg for 7 days showed 34.17% reduction in blood glucose in comparison to untreated diabetic (STZ-induced) rats. Blood glucose levels of Standard treated (Glibenclamide) and control untreated. Conclusion: In conclusion, results of pancreatic beta cell based study showed increase in insulin release by administration of extract. Further aqueous extract (W1) was potentially reduced blood glucose level in STZ induced diabetic mice.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potentials of Lasimorpha senegalensis Schott Leaf Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Damage in Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Chinyere Blessing Chigor ◽  
Felix Ifeanyi Nwafor ◽  
Edith Ugwuja ◽  
Chisimdi S. Obi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidants ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aims: The present study assessed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of the methanolic leaf extract of Lasimorpha senegalensis – a medicinal plant used by the indigenous people of Nigeria to treat hepatitis and feverish conditions. Place and Duration of Study: The research work was conducted in the Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine and Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, both in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, from May to August, 2019. Methodology: Phytochemical analyses and acute toxicity study of the sample followed standard procedures. In vitro antioxidant assay was by DPPH and H2O2 models. A total of 25 male Wistar albino rats (120 – 150 g) were grouped into five, each group with five animals. Hepatotoxicity was induced with carbontetrachloride (1 ml/kg). The treatment groups (3-5) received extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) and Silymarin (100 mg/kg). Endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), plasma malondialdehyde and liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphate) were determined after treatment. Results: The results showed the leaf extract had appreciable amounts of bioactive phytochemicals and free radical scavenging activity (IC50 of 0.52 mg/ml and 0.71 mg/ml for DPPH and H2O2 respectively) with no toxicity at 5000 mg/kg. The extract also elevated the endogenous antioxidants and significantly (p ≤ .05) reduced lipid peroxidase and liver enzymes. Conclusion: This report justifies the local use of this plant in the management of various diseases related to oxidative stress and liver damage.

Bioassay guided phytochemistry of aerial part of Laportea Aestuans (l.) chew (urticaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
S.A. Oguntimehin ◽  
A.O. Oriola ◽  
E.M. Obuotor ◽  
A.J. Aladesanmi
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Tlc Bioautography ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

There are evidences that free radicals mediated damages play important role in the aetiology of several diseases necessitating search for  antioxidants especially from natural origin. Free radical scavenging activities of Laportea aestuans (Urticaceae) is well documented, therefore this study aims at evaluating the safety of L. aestuans and isolating free radical scavenging compound(s) from the plant extract. The aerial (leaves, stem and inflorescence) parts of L. aestuans were collected together and extracted with 80% methanol. The toxicity of the plant extract was evaluated using brine shrimp lethality assay and acute toxicity study while Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) bioautography with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH•) radical as detection reagent was used to guide the isolation of compounds from the plant extract. The LC50 of L. aestuans extract was 4276.87 µg/mL, suggesting that the extract is nontoxic. This was further confirmed by the healthiness of study rats following administration of the extract at 5000 mg/kg b.wt in the acute toxicity study. TLC bioautography showed that hexane fraction had the most pronounced radical scavenging activities. Three compounds identified as hexadecanoic acid butyl ester, heptadecanoic and octadecane were characterized using IR, 1H, 13C NMR, ESI – MS and GC – MS analysis.

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