scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potentials of Lasimorpha senegalensis Schott Leaf Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Damage in Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Chinyere Blessing Chigor ◽  
Felix Ifeanyi Nwafor ◽  
Edith Ugwuja ◽  
Chisimdi S. Obi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidants ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aims: The present study assessed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of the methanolic leaf extract of Lasimorpha senegalensis – a medicinal plant used by the indigenous people of Nigeria to treat hepatitis and feverish conditions. Place and Duration of Study: The research work was conducted in the Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine and Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, both in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, from May to August, 2019. Methodology: Phytochemical analyses and acute toxicity study of the sample followed standard procedures. In vitro antioxidant assay was by DPPH and H2O2 models. A total of 25 male Wistar albino rats (120 – 150 g) were grouped into five, each group with five animals. Hepatotoxicity was induced with carbontetrachloride (1 ml/kg). The treatment groups (3-5) received extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) and Silymarin (100 mg/kg). Endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), plasma malondialdehyde and liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphate) were determined after treatment. Results: The results showed the leaf extract had appreciable amounts of bioactive phytochemicals and free radical scavenging activity (IC50 of 0.52 mg/ml and 0.71 mg/ml for DPPH and H2O2 respectively) with no toxicity at 5000 mg/kg. The extract also elevated the endogenous antioxidants and significantly (p ≤ .05) reduced lipid peroxidase and liver enzymes. Conclusion: This report justifies the local use of this plant in the management of various diseases related to oxidative stress and liver damage.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Diabetic Potential of Gymnema Sylvestre Methanol Leaf Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (36) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. ◽  
Babandi A. ◽  
Tijjani A.A. ◽  
Murtala Y. ◽  
Yakasai H.M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content

Some medicinal plants and their purified derivatives have demonstrated beneficial therapeutic potentials for many centuries. They have been reported to exhibit antioxidant activity, reducing the oxidative stress in cells and are therefore useful in the treatment of many human diseases, including diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. This study evaluated antioxidative activity and enzymatic (alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase) inhibitory potentials of Gymnema sylvestre methanolic leaf extract (GSMLE) using standard methods. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The total phenolics and total flavonoids content in the extract were found to be 6.629±0.745 (µg/ml of catechol equivalent) and 0.004±0.0012 (µg/ml of quercetin equivalent) respectively. GSMLE was shown to have radical scavenging activity against DPPH (290.54 ± 39.72 %), hydroxyl radical (86.507 ± 23.55 %) and hydrogen peroxide (45.25 ± 25.23 %). The level of SOD was significantly decreased in H2O2 induced and H2O2+extract induced when compared with normal control (p<0.05); the level of GSH was significantly increased in H2O2 induced control and significantly decreased in H2O2+extract induced test when compared to normal control. GSH was also decreased significantly in H2O2+extract induced when compared to H2O2 induced control (p<0.05). The extract also demonstrated significant inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (IC50 182.26 ±1.05μg/ml) when compared with standard acarbose (IC50 189.52±0.46) and was more potent than the arcarbose on alpha-amylase inhibition with IC50 of 195.3±4.40 and 200.05±7.16 respectively. These findings may therefore, stress the potentiality of using Gymnema sylvestre as a natural remedy for the management of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial, insecticidal and antiradical activity of Hydnocarpus pentandra (Buch.-Ham.) Oken

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Prashith Kekuda TR ◽  
Dunkana Negussa Kenie ◽  
Chetan DM ◽  
Raghavendra L Hallur
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Bioactive Agents

<p><strong>Objectives</strong>: The present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial, insecticidal and radical scavenging activity of leaf extract of <em>Hydnocarpus pentandra</em> (Buch.-Ham.) Oken belonging to the family Achariaceae.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Extraction process of shade dried and powdered leaf was carried out by maceration technique. Extract was screened for phytochemicals by standard tests. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of leaf extract was determined by Agar well diffusion and Poisoned food technique respectively. Antiradical activity of leaf extract was evaluated by two in vitro assays namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. Insecticidal activity of leaf extract was determined against II instar and IV instar larvae of <em>Aedes aegypti</em>.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, triterpenes and steroids in the leaf extract. Leaf extract exhibited marked inhibitory activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared to Gram negative bacteria. <em>Bacillus cereus</em> (zone of inhibition 1.86±0.05cm) and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (zone of inhibition 1.06±0.05cm) were inhibited to highest and least extent respectively. Extract was effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of seed-borne fungi. Among fungi, the susceptibility to extract was in the order: <em>Curvularia</em> sp. (53.64% inhibition) &gt; <em>Fusarium</em> sp. (45.81% inhibition) &gt; <em>Alternaria</em> sp. (35.08% inhibition). The extract exhibited concentration dependent larvicidal activity with marked activity being observed against II instar larvae (LC<sub>50</sub> value 0.79mg/ml) when compared to IV instar larvae (LC<sub>50</sub> value 1.37mg/ml). Leaf extract scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals dose dependently with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 13.91µg/ml and 6.03µg/ml respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The plant is shown to be an important source of bioactive agents. The observed bioactivities could be attributed to the phytochemicals present in the leaf extract. Further studies on characterization and bioactivity determination of isolated components from leaf extract are to be carried out.</p>

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract and Fractions of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott could be Attributed to The Abundance of Polyphenol Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Earnest Oghenesuvwe Erhirhie ◽  
Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe ◽  
Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku ◽  
Blessing Ogechukwu Umeokoli ◽  
Peter Maduabuchi Eze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Dryopteris filix mas (D filix-mas) is wildly used in ethnomedicine for the management of rheumatoid arthritis, wounds and other diseases. We investigated the anti-oxidant activities of its leaf extract, and chromatographic fractions. The ethanol leaf extract was partitioned into four fractions; n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging in vitro assays were carried out on the extract and fractions at 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 µg/mL. The most active fraction (ethyl acetate fraction) was further purified using chromatographic techniques to isolate its major compound whose structure was elucidated using ID nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry. The ethyl acetate fraction produced the highest free radical scavenging activity among the other fractions. The fraction (VLC-E7) from which the bioactive compound, quercetin-3-O-αL-rhamnopyranoside, was isolated had the best FRAP and DPPH scavenging activities with EC50 and IC50 values of 88.81 ± 3.41 and 26.87 ± 0.24 respectively more than the ethyl acetate fraction. This study revealed that the polyphenol flavonoid, quercetin-3-O-αL-rhamnopyranoside could be responsible for antioxidant activity of ethno-medicinal property of D filix-mas leaf.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES OF HYDROETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ACACIA CATECHU (L.F) WILLD

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ramesh Balu ◽  
Jayabharathi V
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Acacia Catechu

  Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities of hydroethanolic leaf extract of Acacia catechu (L.f) Willd. Methods: The A. catechu (L.f) Willd. leaf extract was subjected to antioxidant activities such as 1,1-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (OH−), nitric oxide radical (NO−), and superoxide radical (SO) scavenging assays. Further, the leaf extract was subjected to antihyperglycemic activity by α-amylase inhibition assay.Results: The free radical scavenging activity of the plant extract was found to increase with increase in concentration (20-100 μg/ml) and the maximum activity was obtained at 100 μg/ml, which was compared with the standard ascorbic acid. The percentage inhibition of free radicals was found to be 62.94±0.91%, 63.53±1.08%, 71.04±0.48%, and 51.50±0.86% for DPPH, OH−, NO−, and SO−, respectively. The IC50 for DPPH, OH−, NO−, and SO were recorded as 73.81±0.95, 69.03±0.58, 60.74±0.37, and 83.10±1.00 μg/ml. The IC50 value of α-amylase inhibitory activity was found to be 71.17 μg/ml.Conclusion: The present investigations suggest that the A. catechu (L.f) Willd may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant and antihyperglycemic agent that could have great importance in pharmaceutical preparations. 

scholarly journals BIOACTIVE MARINE-DERIVED COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL ANTICANCER CANDIDATES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona S Ellithey ◽  
Hanaa H Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Safety Margins

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate for the 1st time the anticancer activities of sarcophytol M (1), alismol (2), alismoxide (5), 7β-acetoxy-24-methylcholesta-5-24(28)-diene-3,19-diol (7), erythro-N-dodecanoyl-docosasphinga-(4E,8E)-dienine (8), and 24 methylcholesta- 5,24(28)-diene-3β,7β,19-triol (9). Compounds were isolated from the soft coral Lithophyton arboreum and tested in liver (HepG2), lung (A549), and breast (MDA) cancer cell line.Methods: Anticancer activities of the compounds were tested using (XTT) 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro- 5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide, Na2) in vitro assay in order to estimate the cytotoxicity and to determine the IC50s. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds were measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH•). All compounds were screened at 100 μg/ml while the most potent active compounds were assayed at lower concentrations.Results: Compounds (7) and (9) showed a strong cytotoxic effect with IC50 of 6.07, 8.5 μg/ml in HepG2, 6.3, 5.5 μg/ml in MDA cells, and 5.2, 9.3 μg/ml in A549 cancer cell lines, respectively. In addition, moderate cytotoxicity was shown by compound (2) (IC50 16.5, 15, and 13 μg/mL) in HepG2, MDA, and A549 cancer cell lines, respectively.Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work indicated a promising potential cytotoxicity of compounds (7) and (9) compared to its safety margins in Vero cells, and the expected cytostatic effect of compound (2) can be used in drug cocktails for the treatment of the major cancer types’ lung, breast, and liver cancer. 

scholarly journals FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY LEAF EXTRACT OF LITSEA LAEVIGATA GAMBLE

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
S. SUJATHA ◽  
T. SEKAR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Metal Chelating

Objective: In the present study, antioxidant activity in the leaf of the pet-ether, chloroform, acetone and methanolic extracts from Litsea laevigata Gamble. Leaf was investigated by employing established in vitro studies. L. laevigata belongs to the Lauraceae family. Methods: The capability of the plant extract to act as hydrogen/electrons donor or scavenger of radicals were determined by in vitro antioxidant assays using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH.) scavenging, reducing power assay, superoxide radical (O2*-) scavenging activity, phosphomolybdenum assay, FRAP, ABT and metal chelating activity were performed to know the antioxidant potency of the plant extract of leaves of L. laevigata. Results: Results are evaluated higher in leaf extract of L. laevigata recorded total phenol, total flavonoid, and tannin. The present state of work was designed to evaluate the phytochemical, antioxidant in the plant leaf extracts of L. laevigata. The plant L. laevigata methanolic extract of leaf showed greater IC50 antioxidant activity of DPPH assay (5.264 µg/ml) and compare to other extract, higher phosphomolybdenum reduction (164.36 mg/g), better Reducing power activity leaf in methanol (0.711%), higher ferric reducing power (4060.66MmolFe(II)E/mg), and higher in superoxide radical scavenging activity in (78.12 mg/ml). However, the better metal chelating ability was shown by the water extracts of the leaf (5.145 EDTAE/100g) compared to other solvent extracts. Conclusion: The result indicates the total phenol and antioxidant activity potential of L. laevigata.

scholarly journals In vitro study on the antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extract of Carica papaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Haseena K. Aboobacker ◽  
Gopesh Valoth ◽  
Sabeena Kizhedath
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging

Background: Newer drug research worldwide is now focusing on medicinal plants for ensuring health and vitality due to the seemingly safer side effect profile and abundance of plants in nature, compared to synthetic drugs. Antioxidants are vital in preventing free radical induced tissue damage. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Carica papaya using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH). Phytochemical tests proved the presence of bioactive ingredients in the extract.Methods: DPPH free radical assay, one of the most accurate methods for evaluating antioxidant activity, was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of leaves of C. papaya.Results: The methanolic leaf extract of C. papaya showed antioxidant property with free radical scavenging activity increasing with increase in concentration. The IC50 value of methanolic extract was 213.68 µgm/ml. Ascorbic acid was used as control.Conclusions: Oxidative stress has been linked to heart disease, cancer, immune deficiency. Antioxidants as suggested from various studies may reduce the risk of such diseases. The utility of C. papaya in the treatment of heart disease, cancer and immune deficiency will have to be proved by detailed evaluation of its pharmacological properties.

Synthesis of Novel Hydrazones of Levofloxacin related molecule and their In Vitro evaluation as antioxidant, and Molecular Docking Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat B. Kashid ◽  
Jaydeo T. Kilbile ◽  
Kishor D. Wani ◽  
Suhas. M. Pawar ◽  
Vijay M. Khedkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Lipinski’S Rule ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Objective: The research work aims synthesis of novel series of hydrazones, antioxidant screening, evaluate the binding affinities, and in silico methods for the identification of possible drug targets of synthesized compounds. Methods: This report briefly explains the synthesis of novel series of hydrazones was synthesized via. hydrazinolysis of esters to obtain hydrazide, treated with aldehyde and acetophenone to get hydrazones. The spectral confirmed hydrazones exhibited excellent to comparable anti-oxidant as compaired to the standard drugs Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Ascorbic acid. Molecular docking on myeloperoxidase (MPO) demonstrated the ability of this scaffold to correctly recognize the target and engage in significant bonded and non-bonded interactions with key residues therein. Results and Discussion: In this study, we report an effectively synthesized compounds BK-35, BK-41, BK-26, BK-28 and BK-39 showed the best DPPH radical scavenging activity. The docking results clearly showed the binding mode of hydrazones into the active site of Myeloperoxidase (MPO). An in-silico results, no any of the synthesized compounds BK24 to BK-41 violated Lipinski’s rule of five (miLog P ≤ 5). Conclusions: In vitro preliminary antioxidant screening results in support by in Silico binding affinity data of novel hydrazones of levofloxacin related molecules BK-24 to BK-41 reported here have emerged as excellent antioxidant agents. The inference derived from the in vitro antioxidant screening data and the quantitative insights derived from the per-residue interaction analysis with MPO enzyme, are now being fruitfully utilized for site specific mutation around the nucleus to identify selective and potent antioxidants.

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