scholarly journals Assessment of Leptin and Prolactin in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roshni G. Sadaria ◽  
B. V. Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Positive Correlations

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequent endocrine disorders among women at reproductive age and is characterized by infertility, hirsutism, obesity, insulin resistance, and menstrual irregularities. Leptin, an adipocyte derived hormone, serves as a link relaying metabolic signals to the neuronal networks in the brain to modulate hypothalamo-pituitary- ovarian axis. Circulating leptin correlates strongly with obesity, which is frequently associated with PCOS. PCOS is associated with hyperandrogenemia and relatively high estrogen levels, which could stimulate prolactin secretion. Aims: 1. To assess serum leptin and prolactin in women with PCOS and to compare them with healthy women as controls. 2. To correlate the leptin, prolactin and body mass index (BMI) among a group of PCOS women and healthy women as controls. Methodology: The study was conducted at Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Bangalore. A comparative study was conducted which includes 30 women who has diagnosed with PCOS and 30 healthy women with as controls. The age group for the study was 18 to 35 years. Fasting blood samples were drawn to measure serum leptin and prolactin. BMI was also calculated. Interpretation of data was done using SPSS version 13. Results: Significant positive correlations between leptin levels and BMI in cases and controls (ρ= 0.683, p < 0.001; ρ= 0.485, p = 0.007 respectively) were observed. Mean BMI, leptin and prolactin were found elevated in the PCOS women compared to controls but they were not statistically significant. No significant correlation was found between leptin and prolactin. Conclusion: Leptin levels were correlated with BMI both in PCOS women and in the healthy controls. Leptin may not have a direct role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, as the serum levels were not significantly higher in PCOS women and did not correlate with prolactin.

scholarly journals Simultaneous alterations in ovaries and bone as a result of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-14
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia de Oliveira Bonfá ◽  
Eduardo Donato Alves ◽  
Víctor Fabrício ◽  
Keico Okino Nonaka ◽  
Janete Aparecida Anselmo-Franci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most widely recognized endocrine disorders affecting reproductive-age women. The etiopathogenesis and mechanisms of this syndrome remain unclear. Diagnosis requires two of the following: polycystic ovaries, oligo- or anovulation, and hyperandrogenism. Most women with PCOS display conditions such as metabolic abnormalities, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and/or bone dysfunction. Considering the ethical limitations of human studies, animal and cell culture models that reflect some features of PCOS are important for investigation of this syndrome. The aim of the present work was to study some of the endocrine relationships between ovaries and bone tissue in a polycystic ovary syndrome animal model. The study was performed using an estradiol valerate PCOS-induced rat model (n = 30) and bone mesenchymal stem cell cultured from bone marrow of those animals. It was hypothesized that changes of the endocrine relationship between ovaries and bones could be observed in from in vivo animal model and in vitro cell culture assays. The ovarian morphological and endocrine changes seem to be correlated with endocrine, biophysical, and biomechanical changes in bone properties. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from PCOS-induced rats, cultured for up to 21 days and differentiated into osteoblasts, presented lower viability and reduced mineralization of the extracellular matrix. Taken together, these results indicate important endocrine and structural effects of PCOS in ovaries and bones, contributing to part of the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of PCOS.

Polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 528-535
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Eu Leong Yong
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Reproductive Ageing ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an enigmatic condition and its pathophysiology remains to be determined but it is likely to involve the androgen, insulin, and anti-Mullerian hormone pathways. PCOS is diagnosed in women in the reproductive age group based on the Rotterdam criteria. The spectrum of disease involves various phenotypes based on the current diagnostic criteria and this may have reproductive, metabolic, and endocrine consequences. Reproductive issues include that of irregular menstrual cycles and anovulation. Metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension must be screened for in all women who are diagnosed with PCOS. Long-term risks of metabolic and endocrine disorders in women with PCOS still need further confirmation with more robust data. Reproductive ageing appears to be increased in women with PCOS and they seem to menopause at a later age. Thus far, PCOS appears to be associated with endometrial hyperplasia and cancer.

scholarly journals Serum Melatonin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Folia Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora D. Terzieva ◽  
Maria M. Orbetzova ◽  
Mitko D. Mitkov ◽  
Nonka G. Mateva
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Women

ABSTRACT There has been a surge of interest in recent years in studying the changes of serum melatonin concentrations in disorders that are associated with insulin resistance such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). AIM: The present study was designed to investigate the day-time and night-time levels of serum melatonin and the cortisol rhythm in women with PCOS and compare them with those of healthy women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a case-control study which included 30 women with PCOS and 25 healthy women. All hormonal measurements in both the study group and controls were carried out between days 3 and 5 counted from the beginning of the last regular menstrual cycle; they included serum levels of melatonin and cortisol at 03:00 a.m and 08:00 a.m, total testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and immunoreactive insulin at 08:00 a.m. RESULTS: Women with PCOS were found to have a significantly higher melatonin level at 08:00 a.m. and smaller mean night-day difference in the concentrations of melatonin in comparison with those of healthy women (natural log (Ln) night-day difference 0.60 ± 0.10 pg/ml versus 1.15 ± 0.14, p < 0.002). Melatonin to cortisol ratios at 03:00 a.m. and 08:00 a.m. showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (Ln melatonin/ cortisol 03:00 a.m., 1.01 ± 0.06 versus 1.05 ± 0.05; Ln melatonin/cortisol at 08:00 a.m., 0.62 ± 0.01 versus 0.56 ± 0.03, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results we obtained about the changes of melatonin in women with PCOS could help in elucidating the complex pathophysiological pattern of this disease.

scholarly journals Does Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Itself Have Additional Effect on Apelin Levels?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Benk Silfeler ◽  
Cumali Gokce ◽  
Raziye Keskin Kurt ◽  
Nigar Yilmaz Atilgan ◽  
Oktay Hasan Ozturk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Regular Menses

Objective. The present study was designed to compare serum levels of apelin between lean PCOS women and healthy women with regular menses.Study Design. A total of 30 lean patients with PCOS and 30 healthy subjects were included in this study. Serum apelin levels were compared between groups.Results. Serum apelin levels in lean PCOS patients were not significantly different from the control subjects.Conclusion. Our findings indicate that PCOS itself does not seem to change apelin levels. Further investigation on a large number of subjects will need to be conducted to prove the consistent or variable association in PCOS.

scholarly journals Hormonal profile and characteristics of polychistic ovarium syndrome among Madurese tribe, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Zakkiyatus Zainiyah ◽  
Eny Susanti ◽  
Mustofa Haris
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Polycystic ovarium syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, characterized by menstrual disorders (amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea), hirsutism, the appearance of acne, alopecia and the results of biochemical tests that show increased androgens (testosterone). Increased serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) serve as diagnostic tests for PCOS over the years, but from several research results obtained inconsistent results that need further research. The purpose of this study is to analyze the hormonal profile and characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Madura. Case-control study conducted in March-August 2019 in the Madura tribe. There were 32 subjects with PCOS and 32 healthy women participated in this study. Hormonal examination was using a serum and followed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA kit). Levels Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) average was 8.74 and SHBGs were 10.02 lower in PCOS patients and LH levels were higher in PCOS patients; ratio LH/FSH was 0.76. The results of the Madurese study showed that levels of FSH, LH, weight significantly related to PCOS sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), however body mass index (BMI) levels were not related to PCOS.

scholarly journals Assessment of serum adiponectin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukund B. Patel ◽  
◽  
Dr. Ramesh C. Patel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Women

Background and Aim: Serum adiponectin levels were found to be altered in women with polycysticovary syndrome (PCOS) due to the increased adiposity commonly observed in them. Accordingly,earlier studies have reported decreased adiponectin levels in PCOS women. the present study wasconducted to measure serum adiponectin levels in women with PCOS and to evaluate its associationwith the biochemical parameters studied.Material and Methods: The present study included 50women of reproductive age attending the department of Gynecology, tertiary care institute of Indiaand diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome based on Rotterdam criteria. Fifty age-matchedhealthy women were recruited as controls. t. Adiponectin levels were measured along withmeasurement of fasting blood glucose, lipid profile using commercial kits and insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) was calculated. Results: Both the study groups were matched concerning age, however,PCOS women were obese when compared to healthy women (p<0.001). Serum total cholesterol andtriglyceride levels were significantly higher (p≤0.05) and serum adiponectin concentration wassignificantly lower in PCOS women when compared to controls (p≤0.05). HDL cholesterol, fastinginsulin and HOMA-IR were similar between cases and controls. Adiponectin did not show significantassociation with any of the parameters studied (Table 2). Conclusion: Serum adiponectin levels aresignificantly lower in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to healthy women. Thehyperandrogenemia which is one of the characteristic features of PCOS leads to a state of adipositywhich can further cause a decrease in adiponectin levels.

Evaluation the Role of Ghrelin and Leptin as Biochemical Marker in Female with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmod Khalil Ibrahim ◽  
Amina Hamed Ahmed Alobaidi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Biochemical Marker ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Serum Ghrelin

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. PCOS is a heterogeneous complex disorder of unwell defined aetiology. Some studies report its association to various endocrine, metabolic and immunological abnormalities. The hunger hormones ghrelin and leptin affect the pathogenesis of PCOS and might lead to the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese women. Aim: The study aims at evaluating the role of ghrelin and leptin level in female with poly cystic ovary syndrome as a biochemical marker for the diagnosis and monitoring progression. Subjects and Methods: The study including one hundred PCOS patients and fifty apparently healthy subjects with regular menstrual cycle, visiting gynecology outpatient clinic of Kalar General Hospital, from the beginning of February 2015 to the end of June 2015. Body mass index (BMI) along with serum ghrelin, leptin, Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels were measured for both groups. Serum leptin was determined using sandwich ELISA, while serum ghrelin was determined using competitive ELISA. Differences between patient and control groups were tested by using t-test. Also one way Anova was used to test the relation among different groups. Results: There was a significant decrease in ghrelin level and increase in leptin levels in women with PCOS when compared with control group. Also there was a significant elevation in serum level of LH ,Testosterone , Prolactin and decrease in serum FSH in PCOS patients when compared to control group. Additionally, serum ghrelin decreased and serum leptin level increased significantly in women with PCOS compared to controls in all age and BMI groups. Conclusion: The significant decrease in ghrelin and increased in leptin in PCOS patients than in controls indicated that they are at high risk for metabolic syndrome development.

scholarly journals A Prospective Study of the Prevalence of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Unselected Caucasian Women from Spain1

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 2434-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miryam Asunción ◽  
Rosa M. Calvo ◽  
José L. San Millán ◽  
José Sancho ◽  
Sergio Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency

We prospectively estimated the prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as defined by the NIH/NICHHD 1990 endocrine criteria, in a population of 154 Caucasian women of reproductive age reporting spontaneously for blood donation. Anthropometric data; the presence of hirsutism, acne, and androgenic alopecia; and the menstrual history were recorded by a single investigator. In 145 women, blood samples were also obtained for measurement of serum androgen levels. PCOS was defined by the presence of 1) oligomenorrhea, 2) clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and 3) exclusion of hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disorders, and nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Hirsutism was defined by a modified Ferriman- Gallwey score of 8 or more, acne was considered as a sign of hyperandrogenism when persistent after the second decade of life, and hyperandrogenemia was defined by an increase in circulating testosterone or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate or an increase in the free androgen index above the 95th percentile of the control values derived from the nonhirsute, nonacneic women having regular menses who were not receiving hormonal therapy. PCOS was present in 10 (6.5%), hirsutism was present in 11 (7.1%), and acne was present in 19 (12.3%) of the 154 women. Our results demonstrate a 6.5% prevalence of PCOS, as defined, in a minimally biased population of Caucasian women from Spain. The polycystic ovary syndrome, hirsutism, and acne are common endocrine disorders in women.

scholarly journals Study the Effect of Interleukin36 Gamma and AMH in Iraqi Women with PCOS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Wafa R. AlFatlawi
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Significant Difference

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female endocrine disorders and affect approximately (5-10) % of women of reproductive age. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a homodimeric glycoprotein, a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, it is secreted exclusively from women by granulose cells of ovarian follicles and it is considered as the precise marker of follicle pool size. AMH has been shown to be a good surrogate marker for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Interleukins are considered as strong risk markers of inflammation. Interleukin-36 gamma (IL36) also known as interleukin-1 family member 9 (IL1F9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL36G gene. Serum samples were collected on day 2 of the menstrual cycle. Serum IL36ɣ, FSH and LH concentration were measured by using ELISA. This study aimed to evaluate the association between IL36ɣ and AMH and study the relationship between obesity and AMH of women in the age of reproductive (25-35) yrs. This study included 28 infertile women with PCOS their husbands were apparently normal (hormones and seminal fluid analysis), their aged (25-35) years, and 20 healthy women aged (25-33) years as control. All control women & patients were from outpatients unit of Alkadumia teaching hospital at Baghdad and all the parameters were measured in Sigma Laboratory. Serum IL-36 ɣ elevated in PCOS patients mainly those with high AMH levels. This hormone increased in PCOS patients compared with control. There was a non-significant difference between patients and control to LH and FSH levels.

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