scholarly journals Study on Physico-chemical Properties of Kokum Seed (Garcinia indica) Full Fat Flour and Defatted Flour

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Manoj R. Chate ◽  
D. C. Saxena ◽  
Subhash B. Kakade
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Vitamin B3 ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Garcinia Indica ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Western Ghats

Kokum (Garcinia Indica) is an ancient fruit of India which is mostly consumed in the form of sarbat. It is mainly found in the western ghats in the state of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, and Kerala. Kokum fruit is widely used in culinary, pharmaceutical, nutraceuticals uses. Kokum has a long history in Ayurvedic medicine as it was traditionally used to cure sores, dermatitis, diarrhoea, dysentery, ear infection and to facilitate digestion. The present study conducted to study Physico-Chemical Properties of Kokum Seed (Garcinia indica) Full Fat Flour and Defatted Flour and it reveals that defatted kokum seed flour is superior in quality in terms of protein, carohydrates, crude fiber and Vitamin B3 contain as compared to kokum seed flour. We can utilise the Kokum seed defatted flour to overcome protein malnutrition problems in developing countries.

scholarly journals Hydrosoluble and Liposoluble Vitamins: New Perspectives through ADMET Analysis

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1204
Author(s):  
Mirela Nicolov ◽  
Mioara Cocora ◽  
Valentina Buda ◽  
Corina Danciu ◽  
Adina Octavia Duse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Vitamin B3 ◽  
Fortified Foods ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Major Data

Background and Objectives: The present study demonstrates that apart from the well-known toxicity of liposoluble vitamins, some hydrosoluble vitamins may also exert toxicity; thus, routine supplementation with vitamins or ingestion of fortified foods should not be considered harmless. The study addresses the possible correlations between the physico-chemical properties and the side effects of vitamins when taken in high doses or for a too long a period. Materials and Methods: The FAFDrugs4.0 computational tool was used for computational assessment of the ADMET profile of several hydro- and liposoluble vitamins. Results: ADMET analysis revealed the following major data: vitamin B3 and B13 showed reduced structural complexity; thus, a relative toxicological potential may be exerted. Vitamins B1 and B7 were found to have good oral absorption and thus good bioavailability, while Vitamin B3 was found to have decreased oral absorption. In addition, all of the liposoluble vitamins reflected higher complexity, much greater than most of the potentially therapeutically-proven compounds. Conclusions: The present study emphasizes the importance between the physico-chemical properties of vitamins and their possible toxicological impact.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Nutritional, Structural, Thermal and Physico-Chemical Properties of Psyllium (Plantago Ovata) Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-743
Author(s):  
Aunjum Reyaz Shah ◽  
Paras Sharma ◽  
Vinod Singh Gour ◽  
S.L Kothari ◽  
Khalid Bashir Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Diameter

The present investigation was carried out to characterize four different types of psyllium seeds including one landrace for their nutritional, structural, antioxidant profile and biological active compounds. DSC analysis showed the highest peak temperature (TP) of 107.57 ºC in RI-89 and end set temperature (TE) of 130.2 ºC for HI-5 cultivar. FT-IR analysis displayed strong absorption bands at frequencies 960, 1380, 1740, 2280 and 3280cm-1. SEM micrographs of each cultivar showed compact and irregular mass of fiber at various magnifications. Protein, fat, ash and total carbohydrate content of psyllium seed flour were recorded up to 13.33, 0.38, 5.0 and 77.88 %, respectively. Ethanol was found to be a suitable solvent than methanol to extract the phytonutrients from psyllium seed flour. DPPH free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) of methanolic and ethanolic extract varied between 31 to 39 % and 38.9 to 43 %, respectively. However, ABTS-FRSA varied between 31.7 to 32.9 % and 33.2 to 34.3 %, for methanolic and ethanolic extract, respectively. Total flavonoids and total phenolic content was recorded up to 2.92 mg RE/g and 4.37 mg GAE/g, in ethanolic extract. The reducing power (RP) and Metal chelating activity (MCA) also varied significantly (p≤0.05) among the cultivars. The MCA ranged from 33.20 to 34.81 % in methanolic extracts and 34.62 to 36.07 % in ethanolic extracts. The lowest absorbance for reducing power was found in methanolic extract of landrace (0.16), whereas, the highest was found in ethanolic extract of RI-89 (0.37). Physico-chemical properties including oil and water absorption capacity of both seed and flour did not vary significantly among the cultivars, whereas significant difference was observed in seed hydration capacity among cultivars evaluated. Among the physical properties, L/W ratio ranged from 1.80 to 199, whereas porosity and angle of repose were of 59.2 to 67.7 % and 23.20 to 27.02º, respectively. Static coefficient of friction was found less using steel (0.484 to 0.667) as a test surface compared to wood (0.679 to 0.744) and plastic (0.536 to 0.560). Bulk density, true density and porosity of various psyllium seed cultivars varied between 0.57 to 0.63 g/cm3 and 1.50 to 1.77 g/cm3 and 58.2 to 67.7%, respectively. Geometric mean diameter (Dg), Arithmetic mean diameter (Da) and surface area of seeds (A) varied from 1.49 to 1.60 mm and 1.68 to 1.79 mm and 5.91 to 6.78 mm2, respectively.

scholarly journals Predicting climate change impacts on the distribution of the threatened Garcinia indica in the Western Ghats, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 94-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malay Pramanik ◽  
Uttam Paudel ◽  
Biswajit Mondal ◽  
Suman Chakraborti ◽  
Pratik Deb
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Garcinia Indica ◽  
The Western Ghats

scholarly journals Kokum (Garcinia indica) Fruit: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj R Chate ◽  
Subhash B Kakade ◽  
V S Neeha
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Western Ghat ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Garcinia Indica ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fight Against Cancer

Kokum (Garcinia indica) is an ancient fruit which is widely consumed in the form of sarbat in a western ghat of India. Kokum is a fruit tree of culinary, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical uses. Kokum has a long history in Ayurvedic medicine as it was traditionally used for treatment of different health related problems like sores, dermatitis, diarrhea, dysentery, ear infection and to facilitate digestion. Kokum seeds are used for oil extraction. Kokum fruit has an antioxidant, acidulant and appetite stimulant properties that helps to fight against cancer, paralysis, ageing, obesity, ulcer etc. Kokum fruit is a good digestive tonic and used to overcome the skin related problems. It is also used for the preparation of the products like Kokum syrup, Sharbat, Butter, Aamsul, beverages. The aim of this paper was to present an overview of the nutritional value, health benefits, traditional uses and its application in food industry.

scholarly journals Amino Acid, Fatty Acid and Physico-Chemical Analyses of Jatropha curcas (Physic Nut) Seed Flour and Oil

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Olaofe ◽  
FJ Faleye ◽  
JA Abey
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Physico Chemical

The amino acid of seed flour and fatty acid and physico-chemical analysis of oil both from Jatropha curcas (physic nut) seed were analytically determined. Amino acid results showed that the protein contained nutritionally useful quantities of most of the essential amino acids including sulphur-containing amino acids. The crude protein content was 34.2%. The total essential amino acid (TEAA) with histidine was 32.7g /100g while the TEAA without histidine was 30.6g /100g protein. Glutamic acid (16.8 g/100g protein) was found to be the most abundant amino acid followed by aspartic acid (9.2 g/100g protein) in the seed flour. The seed oil of Jatropha curcas has a high crude fat content of 46.1% and a high proportion of total unsaturated fatty acid (40.8%) with liloleic (18:2) as the most abundant unsaturated fatty acid while the total saturated fatty acid was 8.61% Palmitic acid (16:0), 8.6 % was found to be the most abundant saturated fatty acid. The values for the physico-chemical properties of the extracted oil were: Acid value, (4.62 mgKOH/g), iodine value, (96.0 mgI2/g), peroxide value, (6.22 mgO2/g), saponification value, (219 mg KOH/g), specific gravity, (0.89) and refractive index, (1.46), These results suggest that Jatropha curcas is useful in some food formulations. Key words:. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i4.7379 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(4), 345-350, 2010

Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
H. Gross ◽  
H. Moor
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Binding Forces

Fracturing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, p ≤ 10-9 Torr) produces membrane fracture faces devoid of contamination. Such clean surfaces are a prerequisite foe studies of interactions between condensing molecules is possible and surface forces are unequally distributed, the condensate will accumulate at places with high binding forces; crystallites will arise which may be useful a probes for surface sites with specific physico-chemical properties. Specific “decoration” with crystallites can be achieved nby exposing membrane fracture faces to water vopour. A device was developed which enables the production of pure water vapour and the controlled variation of its partial pressure in an UHV freeze-fracture apparatus (Fig.1a). Under vaccum (≤ 10-3 Torr), small container filled with copper-sulfate-pentahydrate is heated with a heating coil, with the temperature controlled by means of a thermocouple. The water of hydration thereby released enters a storage vessel.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Recombinant Desulphatohirudin

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (03) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Electricwala ◽  
L Irons ◽  
R Wait ◽  
R J G Carr ◽  
R J Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Alpha Helix ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Recombinant Hirudin ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Recombinant Molecule

SummaryPhysico-chemical properties of recombinant desulphatohirudin expressed in yeast (CIBA GEIGY code No. CGP 39393) were reinvestigated. As previously reported for natural hirudin, the recombinant molecule exhibited abnormal behaviour by gel filtration with an apparent molecular weight greater than that based on the primary structure. However, molecular weight estimation by SDS gel electrophoresis, FAB-mass spectrometry and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy were in agreement with the theoretical molecular weight, with little suggestion of dimer or aggregate formation. Circular dichroism studies of the recombinant molecule show similar spectra at different pH values but are markedly different from that reported by Konno et al. (13) for a natural hirudin-variant. Our CD studies indicate the presence of about 60% beta sheet and the absence of alpha helix in the secondary structure of recombinant hirudin, in agreement with the conformation determined by NMR studies (17)

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