scholarly journals Air Quality Assessment of Port Harcourt Urban Slums and Health Implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
H. O. Stanley ◽  
M. E. Amesi
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

This study was conducted to assess the outdoor air quality of some urban slums in Port Harcourt. Six sampling sites were selected, from the Port Harcourt urban slums; two sites from each slum represented with a suffix 1 or 2.  The slums are designated Marine base (#1 and #2), RSU BG, Obudu 2, Bundu (#1 and #2). The air quality was analyzed using portable handheld air quality analyzer and the microbiological parameters were determined by standard cultural method. The study revealed that the sampled sites were laden with bacterial and fungal species. namely; Klebsiella sp., Micrococcus sp., Escherichia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Baccilus sp., Aeromonas sp., Streptococus sp., Serratia sp., Aerococcus sp., Proteus sp. Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Candida sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp. and Tricorderma sp. Highest obtained noise level was at Marine base 1 which was  66 db, highest relative humidity of 54.8% at RSU BG, CO2  (ppm) values of 4.8, 80, 796, 850, 638, 698 for Marine base 2, Marine base 1, Obudu 2, RSU BG, Bundu 1 and Bundu 2 respectively. The values for NO2 (ppm) was (0.05, 0.053, 0.071, 0.022, 0.035, 0.023), suspended particulate matter (ppm) was (7.1, 8.7, 9.5, 9.5, 6.2, 6.2), SO2 (ppm) was (0.42, 0.15, 0.50, 0.34, 1.26, 0.41) CO (ppm) was (4.8, 1.7, 2.2, 3.0, 3.9, 3.6) and volatile organic compound (ppm) was (1.0, 1.1, 0.9, 75 and 1.2). This study has shown that Port Harcourt urban slums are experiencing some degree of contamination not acceptable for healthy living that requires attention to curb. These areas require all-round improvement in sanitation.   M Give one sentence on methodology.

Microbiological Evaluation of Ready-to-Drink Tigernut Drinks Sold within Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Francis Sopuruchukwu Ire ◽  
Goziem Kim Benneth ◽  
Ndukwe Maduka
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Corynebacterium Sp

Aims: Tigernut drink are made from tigernut tubers (Cyperus esculentus L.) and rich in nutrients. This drink is locally produced and widely consumed in Nigeria irrespective of social status. This study is aimed at evaluating the microbial quality and physicochemical property of tigernut drinks sold within Port Harcourt metropolis. Methodology: Thirty (30) samples of freshly prepared and packaged tigernut drinks were randomly purchased from different vendors in five locations of Port Harcourt metropolis (Agip Estate, Abuja Campus (Uniport), Choba, Mile 1 and Mile 2 Markets). The samples were analyzed using standard microbiological and physicochemical methods. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used to analyze the data. Results: Results obtained showed that the pH of the samples ranged from 4.2 to 4.6 while the total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 6. 54-6.74 log10 CFU/mL. Total fungal count of tigernut drinks ranged from 6.0-6.2 log10 CFU/mL. A total of nine (9) bacterial genera namely Staphylococcus sp. (37.3%), Escherichia sp. (21.3%), Salmonella sp. (12%), Pseudomonas sp. (12%), Klebsiella sp. (4%), Bacillus sp. (4%), Micrococcus sp. (4%), Enterobacter sp. (2.7%) and Corynebacterium sp. (2.7%) were isolated from the samples. Six (6) fungal genera were also encountered in the drink sampled which include Rhizopus sp. (1.4%), Saccharomyces sp. (4.4%), Aspergillus sp. (30.9%), Fusarium sp. (26.5%), Penicillium sp. (30.9%) and Candida sp. (5.9%). The result revealed that Staphylococcus sp. had the highest percentage of occurrence (37.3%) followed by E. coli (21.3%), while Enterobacter sp. (2.7%) and Corynebacterium sp. (2.7%) recorded the least. Among the fungal isolates, Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. had the highest percentage of occurrence (30.9%) whereas Rhizopus sp. had the least (1.4%). The results of this study revealed that all the samples from the five (5) locations were heavily contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms and found not suitable for human consumption based on the standard recommended by National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC). NAFDAC stipulated that mesophilic aerobic count of locally prepared beverages should be < 5.0 log10 CFU/mL. Conclusion: The huge contamination recorded in all the samples irrespective of the location could be linked to poor hygienic levels during processing. Therefore, good manufacturing practices, public health enlightenment campaign and strict regulations from relevant agencies are recommended to avoid foodborne infections, diseases and possible deaths which could result from consumption of such contaminated tigernut drinks.

scholarly journals Qualidade microbiológica do ar em ambiente de um instituto de oncologia e radioterapia do município de Porto Velho

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Renata Maiara Afonso Cunha ◽  
Elton Bill Amaral de Souza ◽  
Helen Queite Guterres Barros Gazola
Keyword(s):  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Porto Velho

Levando em consideração a relevância para a saúde de pacientes em internação hospitalar e profissionais presentes nessas instituições de saúde que ocupam esses ambientes climatizados por meio de ar condicionado, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os fungos encontrados e indicar os riscos que eles podem causar em pacientes em tratamento de câncer por meio da qualidade microbiológica do ar do Instituto de Oncologia e Radioterapia do município de Porto Velho/RO. Foi utilizado para a coleta de amostras a técnica de sedimentação espontânea realizando quatro coletas a cada 20 dias (ano de 2015) nos 4 setores, na qual a Placa 1 foi exposta por 15 minutos; a Placa 2 por 25 minutos e a Placa 3 por 30 minutos em pontos estratégicos a 1,5 metros do piso, no centro destes determinados setores, em horários que apresentavam um grande número de pessoas circulando. Foram identificados a presença de nove gêneros de fungos como o Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Candida sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., Geotrichum sp., Trichosporon sp. e Rhizopus sp. que representam grande potencialidade de infecções em pacientes imunocomprometidos, como os pacientes em tratamento de câncer, sendo o Arpergillus sp. presente em todos os setores do instituto, com isto é necessário o monitoramento contínuo do ar interior e aparelhos de ar condicionado para impedir infecções nosocomiais principalmente de pacientes em tratamento quimioterápico e de radioterapia.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Diversity of Soil Microflora in Potato Fields of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
M. A. Nitu ◽  
M. Rahaman ◽  
F. M. Aminuzzaman ◽  
N. Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Bacterium Species ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Soil Dilution ◽  
Made In

Microflora from potato rhizosphere soil was isolated from different potato fields of Bangladesh. Seventeen soil samples were analyzed for the presence of microflora in selected potato field soils. Seven fungal species and one bacterium species were morphologically characterized using soil dilution and streak plate methods. The predominant fungi isolated including Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Bipolaris sp., Phytophthora sp., Fusarium sp. and one bacterium was identified as Ralstonia solanacearum. Individual colonies of fungi and bacteria were counted on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), V8 juice Agar and their presence in soil was compared in respect of different locations of potato fields. The occurrence of Phytophthora sp. was medium in Tongibari and lower in Singair Union, Sonargaon, Matlab Dakshin, Gobindaganj, Palashbari, Gopinathpur and Bagmara. The highest counts of R. solanacearum were found in Singair Union, Tongibari and Daudkandi and the lowest counts were made in Palashbari and Bagmara. This was the first reported examination of the microbial diversity of soil microflora in some selected potato fields of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals The Impact of Egbu Abattoir Wastes on Fungal Concentrates of the Soil Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. I. Nwachukwu ◽  
C. C. Ike ◽  
I. O. Nwachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Invading Species ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Egbu abattoir wastes on fungal concentrates of the soil environment was undertaken. Samples of contaminated soil from the abattoir environment were taken against control and evaluated for fungal concentrates using standard methods. Results obtained showed that total fungal count (TFC) ranged from 3.5×105 cfu/g to 4.50×105 cfu/g and total hydrocarbon utilizing fungi (THUF) ranged from 1.8×105 cfu/g to 3.80×105 cfu/g.  The percentage occurrence for mould isolates indicated the presence of Absidia sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., and Rhizopus sp. while yeast isolates were Candida sp., Rhodotorula sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Torulopsis sp., for both seasons. Though most of these organisms were indigenous to the soil some invading species were also isolated and were higher in contaminated soil than control soil. Egbu abattoir waste could be behind these observations. The study has revealed the impact of Egbu abattoir wastes on fungal concentrates of the soil environment.

scholarly journals Isolation frequency of medically important fungi and fluconazole resistant of Candida sp from hospital cockroaches.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen Anna Mloka ◽  
George M Bwire ◽  
Kenndy Mwambete
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Parasitic Pathogens

Abstract BackgroundCockroaches are common pests in homes and hospitals. They are known to cause allergic reactions in certain individuals and have found to be potential vectors for various bacterial and parasitic pathogens. This study assessed the potential of hospital cockroaches to act as vectors of medically important fungal pathogens on their external surfaces.MethodsCockroaches were captured from the main Intensive care unit (ICU), burn unit, adult surgical wards , pediatric oncology wards, intern hostel kitchen and the central kitchen of a national referral teaching hospital in Tanzania. Normal saline washings from the external surface of cockroaches were cultured on standard mycological media to facilitate isolation and identification of medically important molds and yeasts. Susceptibility of Candida sp isolates to fluconazole was tested using the CLSI M27-A3 microdilution method.ResultsAt total of 72 cockroaches were captured from various sites of the hospital between February and March 2015. All cockroaches captured were shown to carry medically importance fungi. A total of 956 medically important fungi were isolated, 57.9 % were Candida sp., 23.2%, Aspergillus sp. , 3.1% Cladosporium sp., 1.8% Rhizopus sp., 1.2 % Geotrichum sp., 0.9 % Pencillum sp. , 0.7% Alternaria sp, 0.6 % Fusarium sp , 0.3% Mucor sp and 10.1% others. Aspergillus fumigatus (50.0%) was the most commonly isolated followed by Aspergillus niger ( 15.8%) among the Aspergillus isolates.Over 16.3 % of the Candida isolates not intrinsically resistant to fluconazole showed resistance to this drug.mResistance was most frequently found in Candidapseudotropicalis (23.8%) and Candida glabarata (20.0%) and least in isolates of Candida albicans ( 6.3%). ConclusionThe external surfaces of cockroaches from this hospital may act as reservoirs of medically important opportunistic fungi exhibiting resistance to fluconazole.

scholarly journals Characterization of Bacterial and Fungal Populations Present in the Wastewater Released by the Ogbe Slaughterhouse

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Nwachukwu Michael ◽  
Ike Christian ◽  
Nwachukwu Ogechi ◽  
Eboagwu Ijeoma ◽  
Odika Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

This work aimed to characterize the bacterial and fungal concentrates present in the wastewater thrown by the Ogbe slaughterhouse. Bacterial and fungal concentrates from Ogbe slaughterhouse wastewater were evaluated at two seasons. Results obtained showed total heterotrophic bacterial count (2.0×105-2.1×105 cfu/mL) and total fungal count (1.5×105-2.0×105 cfu/mL). Bacterial isolates such as Acinetobacter sp. (0.50-3.65%), Citrobacter sp. (3.00-9.13%), Escherichia sp. (2.50-13.69%), Klebsiella sp. (2.50-14.16%), Proteus sp. (2.00-9.13%), and Staphylococcus sp. (11.00-13.69%) were higher in dry season than rainy season. Bacillus sp. (9.13-23.00%), Enterobacter sp. (0.00-3.00%), Micrococcus sp. (6.85-7.50%), Pseudomonas sp. (12.84-25.00%), Salmonella sp. (4.57-5.00%), Serratia sp. (0.00-1.50%) and Streptococcus sp. (4.57-13.00%) were higher in rainy season than dry season. Mould isolates such as Absidia sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., and Rhizopus sp., were observed in the present study. Apart from Penicillium sp., the percentage occurrence of all the observed mould isolates in wastewater for the seasons were higher than their respective control. Candida sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Torulopsis sp, were among the yeast isolated from wastewater generated from Ogbe abattoir in this study.  The observed isolates become important when their potential risk as pathogens as well as the intensified environmental health hazards they pose to humans living within the abattoir environment are considered.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of phylloplane and endophytic fungi from Sapindus mukorossi

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.D. Varpe
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Epicoccum Nigrum ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
The Rich ◽  
High Level

Phylloplane biodiversity and endophytic fungi is considered one of the rich origins of novel biological activity compounds and high-level structural variation on the leaf surface. Plant leaves surface is a diverse terrestrial ecosystem, including filamentous fungi. This study aims to study the isolation and enumeration of Sapindus mukorossi phylloplane and endophytic fungal diversity. The Sapindus mukorossi isolated 14 fungal species from 9 genera of phylloplane and endophytic fungi. Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium expansum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium sp., Alternaria alternate, Collectotrichum orbiculare, Torulla herbarium, Epicoccum nigrum and Candida sp. as a phylloplane fungi. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Epicoccum nigrum. Penicillum digitatum, Penicillum sp. were identified as endophytic fungi.

scholarly journals Transporte, patogenicidade e transmissibilidade de fungos associados às sementes de pinhão manso

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danila Alves Corrêa de Sá ◽  
Gil Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Gleiber Quintão Furtado ◽  
Eduardo Andréa Lemus Erasmo ◽  
Ildon Rodrigues do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

Objetivou-se determinar a taxa de transporte de população de fungos associados às sementes de pinhão manso, a patogenicidade desses microrganismos a plântulas e frutos e a transmissibilidade fruto-semente e semente-plântula. Avaliaram-se a taxa de transporte, por meio de blotter test, de sementes produzidas nos estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Bahia e Tocantins. As sementes foram submetidas aos tratamentos: sem desinfestação com tegumento (SDCT), sem desinfestação sem tegumento (SDST), com desinfestação com tegumento (CDCT) e com desinfestação sem tegumento (CDST). A incidência (%) dos fungos foi avaliada sob microscópio estereoscópico binocular. Para o teste de patogenicidade em plântulas e frutos inocularam-se suspensões de 10(6) esporos e discos de BDA com micélio, respectivamente. Para os fungos fitopatogênicos avaliaram-se a transmissibilidade fruto-semente e semente-plântula. O tratamento SDCT permitiu a detecção de maior número de fungos. Os fungos identificados foram Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. capsici, Curvularia sp., Verticillium sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., A. niger e Rhizopus sp. Apenas as espécies de Colletotrichum são patogênicas às plântulas e frutos. Para ambas espécies há transmissibilidade fruto-semente, entretanto não é observada transmissão semente-plântula.

scholarly journals Trigona sp. COMO VISITANTE FLORAL E VETOR DE ESPOROS FÚNGICOS PARA GOIABEIRA (Psidium guajava L. – MYRTACEAE)

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (55) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Makowiecky Stuart ◽  
Carolina Lamas ◽  
Ida Chapaval Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Mycelia Sterilia

Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar a ação de Trigona sp. como visitante floral e vetor de esporos fúngicos para goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.). As observações foram feitas entre dezembro de 2003 e fevereiro de 2004 em flores de goiabeiras do Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Foi verificado que três gêneros de abelhas estavam visitando as flores de goiaba: Apis melifera, Bombus sp. e Trigona sp.. Entretanto, Trigona demonstrou ser mais freqüente que as outras durante as observações. A freqüência de visitas de Trigona foi maior durante o início da manhã, decrescendo ao longo do dia. A avaliação dos fungos associados a Trigona demonstrou a presença de 11 gêneros distintos: Acremonium sp., Altenaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fonsecaea sp., Fusarium sp., Mycelia sterilia, Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. e Rhizopus sp.. 48 % destes representam fitopatógenos potenciais como Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. e Phoma sp.. Estes dados demonstram que o gênero Trigona pode atuar na disseminação de doenças para diversas culturas, funcionando como vetor de esporos fúngicos para outras plantas.

scholarly journals MYCOBIOTA OF SOILS OF URBAN TERRITORIES WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-508
Author(s):  
Elena V. Khaldeeva ◽  
A. A. Bayazitova ◽  
S. A. Lisovskaya ◽  
N. I. Glushko ◽  
V. R. Parshakov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Transport Zone ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Different Levels

Anthropogenic forcing has a huge impact on the formation of the ecosystem of modern cities, including the composition of the mycobiota of the urban environment. The paper presents the results of mycological studies of soil samples taken in the city of Kazan in areas divided into recreational and transport functional areas with different levels of anthropogenic load. More than 60 species of fungi belonging to 15 genera, including 20 species common to soils in both zones were identified. Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Rhizomucor sp., Trichoderma viride were shown to dominate in undisturbed natural areas, and in soils of the urban environment there was much more often found the presence of Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Candida sp., Rhizopus sp., Trichophyton sp. In areas with good natural light the percentage of samples with low contamination by fungi was established to be significantly higher than in shaded areas: 16.7% and 7.1% in the recreational area; and 12.5% and 0% in the transport zone correspondingly. Potentially pathogenic species of fungi were detected in 80% of samples of recreational and in 95% of samples of transport areas. Dark-colored species (including Aspergillus, Alternaria, etc.) were shown to be more common in soils of transport zone, and Trichophyton sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. - in soils of recreational zone. The evaluation of mycological hazard index allowed to estimate the condition of the soil of Kazan as satisfactory for 80% of sites of recreational and 65% - of the transport area. The average value of the mycological hazard index for recreational areas was 2.7 and for the transport areas - 4.2. Results indicate to regular mycological monitoring would be desirable for the normalization of the mycological environment, significantly reducing the risk of mycosis, mycotoxicosis and mycogenic allergies, and should help to ensure sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population.

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