Studies on Lignin Degradation Activity by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Kware Lake

Background: Wood is naturally degraded by wood degrading microorganisms and modified and partly degraded residual of lignin goes into soil. It is an amorphous and complex aromatic compound. In the plant cells, lignin can be converted via phenylalanine and tyrosine by transamination. Africa generates a huge amount of waste from agricultural and household activities. This huge amount of waste can be exploited as a sustainable raw material for many industrial processes other than just simply burning it as a solid fuel. Aims: The study aimed at isolating and screening Pseudomonas aeruginoas for lignin degradation. Methods: The bacterium was characterized and identified according to morphological and biochemical characteristics. The bacterial DNA was extracted using DNA isolation kit and used for molecular analysis. Four (4) dyes such as Methylene blue, Congo red, iodine and Malachite green were screened on bacterial isolate for its ability to decolorize the dyes. The effect of some growth parameters such incubation time, temperature, pH and agitation were studies on the isolate for lignin degradation as well as bacterial biomass production. Results: The effect of some growth parameters such incubation time, temperature, pH and agitation were studies on the isolate for lignin degradation as well as bacterial biomass production. From the results, it was observed that the isolate showed higher zone of inhibition on Congo red (14.00 mm) and Methylene blue (10.00 mm), while no decolorization was observed on Malachite green. The growth parameters studied indicated the optimum condition required for both lignin degradation and bacterial biomass production as follows; 48 hours (65%, 0.41g), 40oC (77%, 0.31g), pH 7 (58%, 0.26g) and 100rpm (72%, 0.42). The FTIR revealed two peaks at 3375 cm-1 which attributed to O-H stretching while the second peak 1687.5 cm-1 corresponded to C=O stretching. Conclusion: The results of GC-MS detected the presence of 2,5-Hexanediol, 2-Octynoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid and i-Propyl9,12-octadecenadienoate.

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Growth and Variabilty Studies in Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Provenances at Nursery Level

Indian Journal of Forestry ◽

10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-94lmlf ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 33-40

Author(s):

Makrand Gujar ◽

◽

Jyothi K. Mandan ◽

A. Vijayraghavana ◽

K.T. Parthiban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Root Length ◽

Quality Index ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Field Trials ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Raw Material ◽

Volume Index ◽

Fast Growing ◽

Collar Diameter

Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) is a fast growing species recognized as a raw material for match wood industry, pulp wood, plywood industry. Seeds from thirty CPTs of Neolamarkia cadamba across the India were collected and evaluated in nursery for various growth and variability parameters. Significant variation was recorded for shoot length, root length, collar diameter, root shoot ratio, biomass production, sturdiness quotient, volume index and quality index among 30 genotypes. FCRIAC 6 (Pantnagar), have outperformed in seven growth parameters studied, followed by FCRIAC 11 (Chandrapur), FCRIAC 19 (Ragihosalli), FCRIAC 20 (Kodigehalli), FCRIAC 26 (Nashik) performing better in six growth parameters. Shoot length, biomass production and volume index registered high genetic estimates. Heritability was high for all the growth characters. PCV values were slightly higher for all the parameters compared to GCV. Collar diameter, shoot length and root length positively and significantly correlated with biomass, volume index, sturdiness quotient and quality index both genotypically and phenotypically. These results will assist in early selection of good performing and fast growing genotype for raising plantations as well as during further investigation in field trials.

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Biosynthesis, Anti-TB Activity and Degradation of Dyes by Silver Nanoparticles using Fruits Peels

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2019.22172 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 2397-2402

Author(s):

Harpreet Kaur ◽

Abhinav Sharma

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Malachite Green ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Congo Red ◽

Antitubercular Activity ◽

Environmentally Benign ◽

Degradation Of Dyes ◽

Subsequent Stabilization ◽

Mic Value

In the present work, waste materials such as pomegranate and orange peels were taken to synthesize nanoparticles by biological method. The method did not involve the use of toxic reducing and capping agents. It uses only the environmentally benign biomolecules for reduction of AgNO3 and subsequent stabilization of silver nanoparticles. The size of pomegranate and orange silver nanoparticles varied from 8-25 nm with nearly spherical morphology as analyzed by XRD and TEM studies. The synthesized nanoparticles were studied for their dye degrading property. Different dyes such as crystal violet, methylene blue, malachite green and Congo red were taken for the study. The results indicated the presence of two diverse mechanism of dye removal. Crystal violet, methylene blue, malachite green was removed by adsorption onto both the nanoparticles, whereas Congo red was reduced by NaBH4 in the presence of catalytic pomegranate silver nanoparticles. Moreover, pomegranate silver nanoparticles have exhibited potent antitubercular activity with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL and orange silver nanoparticles are moderately active with MIC value of 25 μg/mL. It could be concluded that the pomegranate silver nanoparticles would a promising candidate for drug development and catalysis.

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Titania–Gelatin-Based Nanohybrids: A Versatile Material for Removal of Organic Dyes (Congo Red, Malachite Green, Crystal Violet and Methylene Blue) from Aqueous Solution

Advances in Polymer Sciences and Technology - Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials ◽

10.1007/978-981-13-2568-7_14 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 147-176

Author(s):

Samjeet Singh Thakur ◽

Ghanshyam S. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Methylene Blue ◽

Malachite Green ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Congo Red ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Green Crystal

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Elaboration of novel adsorbent from Moroccan oil shale using Plackett–Burman design

10.31221/osf.io/g7wfc ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Oil Shale ◽

Screening Method ◽

Raw Material ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Processing Temperature ◽

Acid Pretreatment ◽

Experimental Data Processing ◽

Experimental Values ◽

Maximal Capacity

The new adsorbents were prepared from Moroccan oil shale by chemical and physical process .In this study, experimental Plackett-Burman has been used as a screening method to study six factors for the development of materials to adsorbent basis of oil shale Moroccan. The factors have been identified by two levels, To Know temperature (°C), Processing time (min), mass ratio (m precursor/m acid), Pretreatment mixture the precursor with acid, origin of the raw material and type of the activating agent (H2SO4, H3PO4).And it was chosen as a response The maximum quantity of adsorption of the molecule of Methylene blue (Qads in mg/g) and the specific surface measure by the method bet (Sbet in m2/g), The predicted values were in agreement with the experimental values with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98. The model has been validated by experiments subsequent to optimized conditions. The experimental data processing by software JMP 7 showed that the processing temperature The report of oil shale on the acid and activation time were the important effect on the maximal capacity of adsorption of methylene blue. The sample prepared at 237 °C during 215 min with pre-processing has a maximal capacity of adsorption equal to 54mg/g according to model of adsorption of Langmuir and SBET equal to 143 m2/g.

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Effective Magnetic MOFs Adsorbent for the Removal of Bisphenol A, Tetracycline, Congo Red and Methylene Blue Pollutions

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11081917 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1917

Author(s):

Guangpu Zhang ◽

Rong Wo ◽

Zhe Sun ◽

Gazi Hao ◽

Guigao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Bisphenol A ◽

Congo Red ◽

Reduction Process ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorption Processes ◽

Infrared Spectrometer

A magnetic metal−organic frameworks adsorbent (Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al)) was prepared by a typical solvothermal method for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA), tetracycline (TC), congo red (CR), and methylene blue (MB). The prepared Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al) composite adsorbent was well characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The influence of adsorbent quantity, adsorption time, pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of the mentioned pollutants were also studied by a UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacities were found to be 160.9 mg/g for BPA, 47.8 mg/g for TC, 234.4 mg/g for CR, 70.8 mg/g for MB, respectively, which is superior to the other reported adsorbents. The adsorption of BPA, TC, and CR were well-fitted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, while MB followed the Freundlich model, while the adsorption kinetics data of all pollutants followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The thermodynamic values, including the enthalpy change (ΔH°), the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), and entropy change (ΔS°), showed that the adsorption processes were spontaneous and exothermic entropy-reduction process for BPA, but spontaneous and endothermic entropy-increasing processes for the others. The Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al) was also found to be easily separated after external magnetic field, can be a potential candidate for future water treatment.

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Photocatalytic activity of polyaniline and neutral polyaniline for degradation of methylene blue and malachite green dyes under UV Light

Polymer Bulletin ◽

10.1007/s00289-021-03674-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 2849-2865

Author(s):

Bircan Haspulat Taymaz ◽

Recep Taş ◽

Handan Kamış ◽

Muzaffer Can

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Malachite Green ◽

Uv Light

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Cotton stalk-derived hydrothermal carbon for methylene blue dye removal: investigation of the raw material plant tissues

Bioresources and Bioprocessing ◽

10.1186/s40643-021-00364-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Libo Zhang ◽

Junyan Tan ◽

Gangying Xing ◽

Xintong Dou ◽

Xuqiang Guo

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Functional Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Cotton Stalk ◽

Acid Base ◽

X Ray ◽

Bet Analysis

AbstractConversion of the abundant agricultural residual cotton stalk (CS) into useful chemicals or functional materials could alleviate the fossil fuels caused energy shortages and environmental crises. Although some advances have been achieved, less attention has been paid to the plant tissues effect. In this study, the plant tissue of CS was changed by part degradation of some components (hemicelluloses and lignin, for example) with the aid of acid/base (or both). The pretreated CS was transformed into hydrochar by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. Morphological and chemical compositions of CS hydrochar were analyzed by various techniques, including elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), BET analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Methylene blue (MB) removal of prepared CS hydrochar was used to evaluate CS hydrochar pollutions adsorption capacity. Results reveal acid/base (or both) pretreatment is beneficial for CS raw material to prepare high-quality CS hydrochar. The effects of some parameters, such as initial MB concentration, temperature, pH value and recyclability on the adsorption of MB onto both acid and base-pretreated CS hydrochar (CS-H2SO4 + NaOH-HTC) were studied. The present work exhibits the importance of agricultural waste biomass material plant tissues on its derived materials, which will have a positive effect on the direct utilization of waste biomass.

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Removal of Methylene Blue and Congo Red Using Adsorptive Membrane Impregnated with Dried Ulva fasciata and Sargassum dentifolium

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 384

Author(s):

Ahmed Labena ◽

Ahmed E. Abdelhamid ◽

Abeer S. Amin ◽

Shimaa Husien ◽

Liqaa Hamid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Congo Red ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Acrylic Fiber ◽

Ulva Fasciata ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Sorption Time

Biosorption is a bioremediation approach for the removal of harmful dyes from industrial effluents using biological materials. This study investigated Methylene blue (M. blue) and Congo red (C. red) biosorption from model aqueous solutions by two marine macro-algae, Ulva fasciata and Sargassum dentifolium, incorporated within acrylic fiber waste to form composite membranes, Acrylic fiber-U. fasciata (AF-U) and Acrylic fiber-S. dentifolium (AF-S), respectively. The adsorption process was designed to more easily achieve the 3R process, i.e., removal, recovery, and reuse. The process of optimization was implemented through one factor at a time (OFAT) experiments, followed by a factorial design experiment to achieve the highest dye removal efficiency. Furthermore, isotherm and kinetics studies were undertaken to determine the reaction nature. FT-IR and SEM analyses were performed to investigate the properties of the membrane. The AF-U membrane showed a significant dye removal efficiency, of 88.9% for 100 ppm M. blue conc. and 79.6% for 50 ppm C. red conc. after 240 min sorption time. AF-S recorded a sorption capacity of 82.1% for 100 ppm M. blue conc. after 30 min sorption time and 85% for 100 ppm C. red conc. after 240 min contact time. The membranes were successfully applied in the 3Rs process, in which it was found that the membranes could be used for five cycles of the removal process with stable efficiency.

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A Comparative Study on Dye Degradation by Leaf and Root Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus L

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v6i4.22110 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 327-331

Author(s):

Dipesh Shahi ◽

Rajiv Sapkota

Keyword(s):

Malachite Green ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Congo Red ◽

Dye Degradation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Root Extracts ◽

Phytotoxicity Test

The use of different dyes and pigments is increasing with the increase in industrialization leading to the high production of effluent. The effluent contaminated with dyes and dye-stuff has harmful effects on public health and the environment. Thus, the treatment of effluent is essential. Biological approaches are gaining much interest due to their cost-effective and eco-friendly nature over various physicochemical methods for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. This study highlights on the biodegradation of congo red and malachite green by using leaf and root extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus. The extract and the dye were mixed in the ratio of 1:2 and incubated at 40ºC for 90 minutes. Decolorization assay was performed using UV visible spectrophotometer which indicated that decolorization was due to degradation of dyes into non-colored metabolites. The leaves extract exhibited higher decolorizing activity than roots extract. The maximum decolorization for leaves extract was 55.8% (congo red) and 51.6% (malachite green). Furthermore, phytotoxicity test was carried out to determine the effect of dyes and their degradation metabolites on seed germination and seedling growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). The germination percentage and seedling growth were more in degradation metabolites than untreated dyes, indicating less toxic nature of degradation metabolites. Hence, it can be inferred that P. hysterophorus extracts can be used to treat dye wastewater and treated wastewater can be used for irrigation. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 327-331

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