Linear Regression of Incident Precipitation Explains the Throughfall, Stemflow and Interception by the Eucalyptus Canopy under Different Fertilization Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Huan Pablo de Souza ◽  
Dione Richer Momolli ◽  
Aline Aparecida Ludvichak ◽  
Mauro Valdir Schumacher ◽  
Angélica Costa Malheiros
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Canopy Interception ◽  
One Year ◽  
Soil Level

The present work aims to quantify the precipitation partition after interaction with the Eucalyptus urophylla canopy under two fertilization treatments. The experimental design was completely causalized with two fertilization treatments. Each plot had a dimension of 30 m x 60 m, and the spacing of the seedlings was 3 m x 2 m. The study was developed in a arenizaded area located in the municipality of Maçambará, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The duration of the study was one year (from April 2017 to March 2018). Biweekly over twelve months the volume of precipitation was quantified. The experiment consists of two fertilization treatments in a Eucalyptus urophylla stand: T1 with smaller and T2 greater fertilization. In each treatment 3 throughfall collectors were installed at one meter of the soil level and three stemflow collectors. In the open area 3 collectors of the incident precipitation were installed 1.5 meters from the ground level. The percentages of the throughfall, stemflow and canopy interception in relation to the incident precipitation were 95.3; 1.3 and 4.3% for treatment 1 and 91.7; 3.2 and 6.2% for treatment 2. The coefficients of determination for throughfall, stemflow and canopy interception were 0.99; 0.96 and 0.85 for treatment 1 and 0.99; 0.97 and 0.89 for treatment 2. The graphical analysis of the regression residues shows independence of the errors. The fertilization management described for treatment 2 results in a greater interception of rainfall due to the greater amount of biomass of the canopy.

scholarly journals Uso de diferentes pontas de pulverização no controle de doenças no trigo

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Alicia Baumhardt Dorneles ◽  
Eduardo Leonel Bottega ◽  
Zanandra Boff de Oliveira ◽  
Alberto Eduardo Knies ◽  
Clarissa Moraes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
State University ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Grain Contamination

Unstable environmental factors contribute to the incidence of diseases and pests, causing reduced yield and grain contamination, especially the attack by Giberela (Fusarium graminerum). In this scenario, appropriate management techniques are needed. Strategies such as choosing the suitability of the spray tip for chemical control are indispensable. The aim of this study was to use four spray tips: CVI 11002, ADI ISO 11002, TVI ISO 8002 and ATR 8002. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of The State University of Rio Grande do Sul, in the district of Três Vendas, in Cachoeira do Sul-RS. The cultivar used was TBIO SELETO. The fungicide used was Nativo®. A completely randomized experimental design with 4 replicates and a control plot was adopted. The following parameters were evaluated: weight of one thousand grains (PMG, %), hectoliter weight (PH; kg hL-1) and yield (PRD; kg ha-1). The variance was tested by applying the Snedcor F test (p<0.05) and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05). The weight of one thousand grains, hectoliter weight and yield were not influenced by the use of different spray tips adopted in the wheat phytosanitary control.

scholarly journals Razões que levam os pacientes com tuberculose a abandonarem o tratamento: perspectivas do enfermeiro

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Adriana Sackser ◽  
Anelise Miritz Borges
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Recursos Humanos ◽  
One Year ◽  
Basic Health Units

Objetivo: Identificar os motivos que levam os pacientes a desistir do tratamento da tuberculose no município de SantaCruz do Sul, a partir da visão dos enfermeiros que atuam em unidades de atenção primária de saúde. Metodologia: Tratase de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, com delineamento qualitativo, realizada em cinco Unidades Básicas de Saúde(UBS) e cinco Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESF) vinculadas ao município de Santa Cruz do Sul/Rio Grande do Sul. Paraa coleta de dados foi realizada entrevista, utilizando um questionário semiestruturado, gravado, aplicado individualmente.A Análise foi conduzida pela análise de Conteúdo, temática de Bardin 2011. Principais resultados: Foram 10 enfermeirasentrevistadas, metade possuía menos de um ano de experiência na unidade, referiram dificuldades no manejo dos sintomáticos respiratórios como a falta de tempo, recursos humanos e dificuldades de envolver o usuário no tratamento. Naperspectiva das enfermeiras entre os motivos envolvidos no abandono, estão o tempo terapêutico elevado, fatores sociais,e os efeitos colaterais dos medicamentos. Conclusão: A qualificação contínua da equipe sobre o manejo frente a doença,fortalece a assistência em saúde, tornando o usuário mais seguro quanto ao seu autocuidado, reduzindo as chances deabandono do tratamento.Descritores: Tuberculose; Enfermagem; Saúde coletiva; Pacientes desistentes do tratamento Objective: To identify the reasons that lead patients to give up tuberculosis treatment in the municipality of Santa Cruzdo Sul, based on the view of nurses working in primary health care units. Methodology: This is a descriptive, exploratory,qualitative study, carried out in five Basic Health Units (UBS in Portuguese) and five Family Health Strategies (ESF in Portuguese) linked to the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul/Rio Grande do Sul. For the data collection, an interview was conducted using a semi-structured, recorded questionnaire, applied individually. The analysis was conducted by the analysis ofthe thematic content of Bardin 2011. Main results: Ten nurses were interviewed and half of them had less than one year ofexperience in the unit, they reported difficulties in the management of respiratory symptoms such as lack of time, humanresources and difficulties to involve the user in the treatment. From the perspective of nurses between the reasons involved in the abandonment, are the high therapeutic time, social factors, and the side effects of the medications. Conclusion:Continuous qualification of staff on the front handling the disease, strengthens health care, making the user more secureabout their self-care, reducing the chances of noncompliance.Keywords: Tuberculosis; Nursing; Public Health; Patient Dropouts

scholarly journals Meningitis: etiological and outcome panorama in Rio Grande do Sul in the 2019-2020 biennium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Bueno de Azeredo ◽  
Francisco Lemanski ◽  
Cassiano Forcelini
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Viral Meningitis ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Disease ◽  
Mandatory Notification ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
One Year

Background: Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges and its outcome varies between etiologies. It is an endemic disease in Brazil with mandatory notification. Objectives: To analyze the number of diagnoses and outcomes of meningitis in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) in the 2019-2020 biennium. Design and setting: Cross-sectional epidemiological study using DATASUS database. Methods: Data from notified diagnosed meningitis in RS from 2019 to 2020 were included. The meningitis etiology was correlated with its outcome. Results: There was a 70% reduction in the absolute number of reported diagnoses of meningitis in the year 2020 (302) compared to 2019 (1,000). The most prevalent specified cause, in both years, was “viral meningitis”, corresponding to 29.9% in 2019 and 27.1% in 2020. There was no great variation in the incidence of etiologies from one year to another. Mortality was the outcome of 7% of patients in 2020 and 6.6% in 2019. Pneumococcus was the most related etiology to “death from meningitis”, responsible for 38% in 2020 and 28.7% in 2019. Conclusions: The number of meningitis diagnoses in RS fell from 2019 to 2020. The fall may be related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides that, even with the reduction in the number of diagnoses, mortality had increased.

scholarly journals First occurrence of Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on eucalyptus seedlings after field transplantation in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02023
Author(s):  
Norton Borges Junior ◽  
Ervandil C. Costa ◽  
Dayanna N. Machado ◽  
Leandra Pedron ◽  
Jardel Boscardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
First Record ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Clonal Plantation ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

This study reports the first occurrence of Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae causing defoliation in transplanted seedlings in a clonal plantation of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake (Myrtaceae), in Butiá municipality, Rio Grande do Sul State (30°9’45” S; 51°59’42” W). The S. cosmioides caterpillars are polyphagous, including eucalyptus among their host plants. It was observed that the caterpillar infestation damaged 80% of the seedlings, while the defoliation varied from 13% to 24% per plant. This is the first record of S. cosmioides caterpillars causing injuries in a new plantation of E. urophylla.

scholarly journals Resistência de espécies arbóreas submetidas a extremos climáticos de geada em diferentes sistemas agroflorestais

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velci Queiróz de Souza ◽  
Braulio Otomar Caron ◽  
Denise Schmidt ◽  
Alexandre Behling ◽  
Rogério Bamberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Schizolobium Parahyba

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta das espécies arbóreas Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake (guapuruvu), Mimosa scabrella Benth. (bracatinga), Peltophorum dubium (Spr.) Taubert (canafístula), Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan (angico-vermelho) e o híbrido Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake x Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden (eucalipto) em consórcio com a cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) em dois arranjos de sistemas agroflorestais (faixa - 3x3m + 12m e linha - 6x1,5m) submetidos a extremos climáticos de geada, na região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os danos (resistência á geada) foram avaliados segundo o sistema de notas utilizado por HIGA et al. (2000) no qual atribuiu-se uma nota de 0 a 10 conforme a intensidade do dano na planta. Para os graus de resistência à geada, adaptou-se metodologia utilizada por CARVALHO (1981), a qual também é em função da intensidade do dano na planta. Diante da condição de geada estudada, observa-se que os diferentes arranjos de sistemas agroflorestais afetam a resistência da espécie guapuruvu, sendo sensível no sistema agroflorestal faixa e moderadamente tolerante no sistema linha. Em ambos os sistemas, as espécies angico-vermelho, bracatinga e eucalipto mostram-se resistentes, enquanto que a canafístula demonstra ser tolerante.

scholarly journals Danos provocados por coró-das-pastagens em plantas de eucalipto

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Garlet ◽  
Edival Ângelo Valverde Zauza ◽  
Francisco Ferreira ◽  
José Roberto Salvadori
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

Esta nota tem por objetivo relatar o ataque de larvas do coró-das-pastagens, Diloboderus abderus Sturm, 1826 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae), em mudas de eucalipto híbrido (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), na fazenda Bazana, município de Manoel Viana, Rio Grande do Sul. Essa praga se alimentou da casca das plantas na região do coleto, provocando “anelamento” das mudas. A mortalidade de mudas foi de 30% em 40ha. Este é o primeiro registro dos danos desse inseto em plantas de eucalipto no Brasil.

scholarly journals Use of experimental design techniques for the optimization of the resin distillation process of Pinus elliottii

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 252-270
Author(s):  
Afonso Henrique da Silva Júnior ◽  
Arthur Doria Nogueira ◽  
Manoel Leonardo Martins ◽  
Toni Jefferson Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Design Techniques

Nas últimas décadas, o setor de produtos de resina no Brasil está demonstrando uma perspectiva de demanda crescente para os produtores de goma de resina, o que exige avanços na parte técnica dos processos de extração e purificação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar, através de técnicas de planejamento experimental, os processos de lavagem e destilação da oleorresina de Pinus elliottii. A resina natural foi coletada na região costeira do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os resultados da etapa de lavagem revelaram que as interações lineares de segunda ordem foi o modelo empírico mais adequado para este estudo. Portanto, o teste ideal foi determinado com os seguintes fatores: temperatura de 50ºC, tempo de 20 min e 20% de terebentina utilizada para a diluição. Para o processo de destilação, o melhor modelo foi o linear sem interações, considerando a resposta do Valor Monetário (Real – R$) por 100 g de resina processada. Assim, determinou-se que a região ótima obteve os seguintes fatores: temperatura entre 156 e 170ºC e tempo entre 61 e 100 minutos. Portanto, o uso de técnicas de planejamento experimental permitiu propor ao produtor algumas alternativas no processamento de resina natural, o que consequentemente causou o aumento do valor agregado ao produto comercializado.

scholarly journals Análise fitossociológica de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Decidual: Parque Estadual do Turvo, RS

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (86) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Rafaelo Balbinot ◽  
Fernanda Raquel Lambrecht ◽  
Fábio Marcelo Breunig ◽  
Jonathan William Trautenmuller ◽  
Lênio Soares Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Index Terms

O ecossistema formado pela Floresta Estacional Decidual (FED) predomina na região do Alto Uruguai no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar de forma descritiva a composição florística e fitossociológica dos componentes arbóreos de um fragmento de FED presente no Parque Estadual do Turvo (PET), localizado no Município de Derrubadas, RS (floresta do Yucumã). Utilizou-se o método de área fixa, sendo instaladas 18 unidades amostrais de 1.000 m2 de forma aleatória, orientadas de acordo com a estrada principal no parque. Todos os indivíduos arbóreos com diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo (DAP) superior a 10 cm foram medidos e identificados. Verificou-se a presença de 842 indivíduos, distribuídos em 32 famílias botânicas, 67 gêneros e 83 espécies (12% não foram identificados). As famílias que apresentaram maior riqueza de espécies foram Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, Myrtaceae e Sapindaceae. O Índice de Shannon estimado foi de 3,72.Phytosociology analysis of a fragment of Seasonal Deciduous Forest: Parque Estadual do Turvo, RS, BrazilThe ecosystem formed by the Seasonal Deciduous Forest (SDF) predominates in the region of Alto Uruguay in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. This study aimed to analyze descriptively the floristic composition and the phytosociology of trees from a fragment of SDF present in Parque Estadual do Turvo (PET) located in the Municipality of Derrubadas, Rio Grande do Sul State (Yucumã forest). We used the method of fixed area, based on 18 sample units with 1,000 m2 installed randomly oriented by the main road of the park. All wood species with diameter at 1.3 m above ground level (DBH) greater than 10 cm were measured and identified. It was observed the presence of 842 individuals belonging to 32 families, 67 genera and 83 species (12% were not identified). The families with the highest number of species were Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, Myrtaceae and Sapindaceae. Shannon index estimated was 3.72.Index terms: Forest inventory; Floristic diversity; Yucumã

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis UTILIZANDO PARÂMETROS MORFOLÓGICOS

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elder Eloy ◽  
Braulio Otomar Caron ◽  
Denise Schmidt ◽  
Alexandre Behling ◽  
Luciano Schwers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Competition For Space ◽  
Superior Education

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o índice de qualidade Dickson (IQD) e a sua relação com as variáveis morfológicas em mudas de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden produzidas em diferentes tratamentos. O experimento foi conduzido no viveiro agronômico do Centro de Educação Superior Norte do Rio Grande do Sul (CESNORS), em delineamento experimental de blocos completamente casualizados. Foram testados quatro tratamentos, que envolveram dois volumes de tubetes (50 e 90 cm³) e dois níveis de densidade de plantas na bandeja. Avaliaram-se altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca de folhas, massa seca do caule, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca de raiz, massa seca total (MST), área foliar (AF) e IQD. O tamanho do tubete e a densidade das mudas na bandeja influenciam significativamente no crescimento das mudas ao longo do tempo, limitando o volume de substrato explorável e gerando competição por espaço pelas plantas. Todas as variáveis avaliadas se correlacionaram significativamente, sendo que o IQD demonstrou ter alto índice com a MST. Os tratamentos com recipiente de volume 90 cm³ foram os que apresentaram os melhores IQD, resultando em mudas de boa qualidade, capazes de suportar as condições adversas do campo. AbstractQuality assessment of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings using morphological parameters. The present work had as objective determines the index of Dickson's quality (IDQ) and its relation to the morphologic variables in Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden seedlings produced in different treatments. The experiment was driven in the agronomic nursery of the Center of Superior Education North of Rio Grande do Sul (CESNORS), in experimental design of randomized complete block. Four treatments were tested, that involved two volumes sizes (50 and 90 cm³) and two levels of density of plants in the tray. It evaluated height of the aerial part, diameter of the lap, mass dries of leaves, mass dries of the stem, mass dries of the aerial part, mass dries of root, mass total drought (MST), foliar area (AF) and the index of Dickson's quality (IDQ). The size of the containers and the density of the seedlings in the tray had significant influence in growth of the seedlings along the time, putting limits to the volume of exploitable substratum and generating competition for space by the plants. All the appraised variables correlated significantly and IDQ revealed high index with MST. The treatments with container of volume 90 cm³ were the ones that presented the best IQD, resulting in seedlings of good quality capable to support the adverse conditions of the field.Keywords: Eucalyptus; containers; density of seedlings; index of Dickson quality.

scholarly journals The Fitness of Assumptions and an Alternative Model for Funding the Public Sector Pension Scheme: The Case of Rio Grande do Sul

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (66) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Caldart ◽  
Silvia Teixeira da Motta ◽  
Marcelo Abi-Ramia Caetano ◽  
Taís Vieira Bonatto
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The Public ◽  
Alternative Funding ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
One Year

The research presented herein has two objectives. First, this study will test whether actuarial assumptions for public sector pension schemes in Brazil adhere to reality and whether changing these assumptions might affect the results, particularly with respect to life tables and wage growth assumptions. The paper shows that the best fit life table is AT 2000 for males aggregated by one year, which involves a longer life expectancy than the life table proposed under current legislation (IBGE 2009). The data also show that actual wage growth was 4.59% per year from 2002 to 2012, as opposed to the 1% wage increase proposed by the same legislation. Changing these two assumptions increases the actuarial imbalance for a representative individual by 18.17% after accounting for the adjusted life table or by 98.30% after revising the wage growth assumption. With respect to its second objective, this paper proposes alternative funding mechanisms in which the local pension scheme will provide the funded component of the benefit that would be complemented by local government in a pay-as-you-go manner. The database utilized was for the state of Rio Grande do Sul in the month of November 2011. The results are thus restricted to Rio Grande do Sul.

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