scholarly journals Effect of Biopesticides and Pheromone Traps on Major Insect-Pests and Their Natural Enemies of Cabbage

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Aklima Begum ◽  
Md. Abdul Latif ◽  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
Fatima Farhana
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tobacco Cutworm ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Aims: This study is aimed to know the effect of biopesticides on insect pests, predators and yield of cabbage. Study Design: The experiment was laid out at a randomized complete block design with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: Central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh during the period from October 2018 to March 2019. Methodology: The experiment was conducted with six treatments viz. T1= Spinosad @25 ml/ha at 7 days interval , T2= SNPV (Spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus) @ 2.47/ha at 7days interval, T3= Spodolure trap @ 1/6 plot at 14 days interval, T4= Spodolure trap + Spinosad spray, T5= Spodolure trap + SNPV spray and T6= untreated control. Results: The lowest infested leaves per five plants by flea beetle (0.33), tobacco cutworm (0.33), semi- looper (0.33), diamondback moth (1.33), aphid (7.50), was found in treatment (Spodolure trap + Spinosad).The population of natural enemies per plot was also recorded and highest population of lady bird beetle (8.00) and spider (8.60) was also observed from Spodolure trap + Spinosad treatment as compared to untreated control. The highest percentage of healthy plants (91.67), maximum weight of healthy cabbge head plant-1 (1.20 kg), marketable cabbage head plot-1 (19.48 kg) and marketable yield of healthy cabbage head (45.08 t ha-1) was found with Spodolure trap + Spinosad treatment. Conclusion: It is concluded that Spodolure trap in combination with Spinosad spray may be effective practice for the management of cabbage insect pests.

scholarly journals Field efficacy of some new insecticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their toxic effects on natural enemies

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Mohammad Wasif Rahman ◽  
Gopal Das ◽  
Mohammad Mahir Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Brinjal is susceptible to attack of various insect pests from seedling to fruiting stage. Among these, brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.) is the most destructive pest and is considered to be the limiting factor in quantitative as well asqualitative harvest of brinjal fruits. In the present study, efficacy of some new insecticides viz. Pine 6 WG (Emamectin benzoate + Abamectin), Heron 5 EC (Lufenuron), Belt 24 WG (Flubendiamide) and Cyclone 2.5 EC (Lambda-cyhalothrin) were evaluated against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) in field condition from the period of October, 2015 to April, 2016. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having three replications and two concentrations of each of the insecticides. A total of three spraying was given and finally a cumulative mean was found out. Data were collected on percent shoot infestation, percent fruit infestation, marketable fruit yield (t/ha) and abundances of natural enemies per plant. Results clearly showed that all the insecticides significantly reduced BSFB infestation as well as increased marketable fruit yield compared to the untreated control. The highest shoot (27.40%) and fruit (55.93%) infestation were recorded from control plots. On the other hand, the lowest shoot (6.71%) and fruit (11.58%) infestation were recorded from Pine 6 WG treated plots @ 0.50 g/L that was followed by Heron 5 EC @ 1.0 ml/L (6.89% shoot; 14.51% fruits), Cyclone 2.5 EC @ 1.5 ml/L (15.73% shoot and 16.45% fruits) and Belt 24 WG @ 0.50 g/L (9.53% shoot and 25.47% fruits), respectively. Similar trend was found in case of marketable fruit yield as well.  Pine 6 WG and Heron 5 EC were found to be comparatively safe for both ladybird beetle and lynx spiders as their abundances were not changed significantly compared to untreated control. In contrast, the application of Belt 24 WG and Cyclone 2.5 EC has reduced 50 to 60% of the ladybird beetle and lynx spiders populations in brinjal eco-system. The results suggested that two biopesticides viz., Pine 6 WG and Heron 5 EC can be used successfully against BSFB considering minimum shoot and fruit infestation, higher fruit yield and less toxicity to natural enemies in brinjal eco-system. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 319–324, 2019

scholarly journals Effect of plant regulators on growth and flowering of 'Meyer' zoysiagrass

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Marchi ◽  
D. Martins ◽  
N.V. Costa ◽  
J.R.V. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Visual Effects ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

This trial aimed to evaluate the effect of sequential applications of different plant regulators over growth and flower rachis emission of 'Meyer' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). The study was conducted on 15-month old green turfgrass under a randomized complete block design with four replications. The following plant regulator and doses were tested: trinexapac-ethyl (113+113, 226+113, 226+226, 452+113, 452+226, 452+452, 678+339 e 904+452 g a.i./ha-1), prohexadione-calcium (100+100 e 200+200 g a.i. ha-1) and bispyribac-sodium (40+40 e 60+60 g a.i. ha-1), as well as an untreated control. The turfgrass was mowed again at 3.0 cm aboveground and the second plant regulator was applied when 'Meyer' zoysiagrass was between 5.0 and 6.0 cm high. The effect of the treatments was visually rated for visual injury, plant height, height and number of flower rachis, and total dry mass production of clippings. Only bispyribac-sodium had visual symptoms of injury on 'Meyer' zoysiagrass, and no intoxication was observed at 28 days after the second application (DAAB). The sequential applications of trinexapac-ethyl, prohexadione-calcium and bispyribac-sodium reduced by more than 80% the total clipping dry mass produced by 'Meyer' zoysiagrass. All the plant regulators tested also showed promising results in reducing the height and emission of rachis, especially when trinexapac-ethyl was applied at the doses 452+452, 678+339 and 904+452 g a.i. ha-1. 'Meyer' zoysiagrass turfgrass can be handled with the sequential application of a plant regulator, which reduces the need for mowing over a period up to 110 days after the application of the second plant regulator, and it also avoids deleterious visual effects over turfgrass.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different chemical fungicides against rice blast in field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Rachana Moktan ◽  
Anjeela Aryal ◽  
Sagar Karki ◽  
Ashbin Kumar Devkota ◽  
Basistha Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Technical College ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Weekly Interval ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

Evaluation of different fungicides against rice blast was carried out in research plot of the Agronomy farm of IAAS, Prithu Technical College, Lamahi Municpality, Dang district of the Lumbini Province, inner terai region of Nepal during June to November, 2017. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the efficiency of different chemical fungicides against rice blast. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with the use of susceptible variety ‘Mansuli’. Different fungicides like Hexaconazole 5% SC (Udaan), Propiconazole 25% EC (Tilt), Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP, Validamycin 3% L, Tricyclazole 75% WP (TRIP) and Biomycin (Kasugamycin 3% S.L.) were applied five times at weekly interval with the doses of 2mL/L of H2O, 1.5mL/L of H2O, 2g/L of H2O, 2mL/L of H2O, 2g/L of H2O and 2mL/L of H2O respectively. From the result, it was concluded that all the fungicides were effective in controlling leaf blast but Tricyclazole 75% WP (TRIP) was more effective among other fungicides and untreated control plots with least leaf blast severity (27.85%), least incidence (35.5%), least mean AUDPC (64.64%) and highest grain yield (3.93 t ha-1) followed by Biomycin. It is thus concluded that fungicide Tricyclazole 75% WP should be sprayed five times at weekly interval for the management of leaf blast in rice.

scholarly journals Management of Blue Gum Chalcid (Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) infestation on different species of Eucalyptus trees in Kalu district, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Tigabu Redae Alle ◽  
Adane Tesfaye Lema ◽  
Seid Muhie Dawud
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Leptocybe Invasa ◽  
Control Application ◽  
Blue Gum

The recently introduced chalcid pest known as the Blue Gum Chalcid (BGC) (L. invasa) is currently one of the major insect pests of Eucalyptus tree species in Ethiopia. A research was conducted in Kalu district, South Wollo, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia, the main objective of which was to evaluate the effectiveness of synthetic insecticides, hoeing and water showering options against BGC. Two parallel experiments were conducted in the nursery and in the field. Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. saligna, E. viminalis, E. citrodora and E. globulus were considered in the nursery at Chorisa. One to three-year old E. camaldulensis plantations were considered at Tikuro plantation site. At the nursery, seven treatments and at the field 10 treatments were tested in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications from January to February 2019, where treatments were applied 3 times at 15-day intervals. Results from the 1-year old plantation revealed that application of Dimethoate 40%, Carbofuran 3G and Dimethoate 40% + hoeing followed by Carbofuran 3G + hoeing and Thiamethoxam 25WG were effective in checking the BGC insect pest infestation. In the 3-year old plantation, Carbofuran 3G significantly reduced the infestation followed by Dimethoate 40%. At the nursery, Dimethoate 40% and Carbofuran 3G reduced the infestation followed by Carbofuran 3G + Dimethoate 40% and thiamethoxam 25WG. Water showering and hoeing did not reduce BGC infestation in all cases at the field plantations. Treatments that received synthetic insecticides and hoeing had low infestation, the reason for which was the insecticide rather than the hoeing, because the hoeing alone didn’t differ from the control. Application of Dimethoate 40% and Carbofuran 3G with hoeing and weeding activities were recommended to manage and limit BGC insect pest infestations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potato Genotypes for Plant and YieldCharactersin Field at Dailekh

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Binod Prasad Luitel ◽  
Bishnu Bahadur Bhandari ◽  
Bihani Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Eye Depth

A field experiment was conducted at Horticulture Research Station (HRS), Dailekh, in Mid-Western hills of Nepal during 2019 and 2020, to evaluate the performance of ten potato genotypes for plant, and tuber yield characters. The potato genotypes were evaluated during spring season in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotypes showed highly significant difference for all the traits except tuber emergence. The mean squares for the year were also significant for all the traits except tuber emergence, stem numberplant -1 and total tuber yield. The interaction between genotypes and years did not show significant differences in all the traits except stem numberplant -1. Genotype CIP392797.22 produced more marketable yield (27.5 tha -1) and total tuber yield (30.2tha -1) than all other genotypes. The genotype CIP392797.22 is characterized as medium maturing, oval-shaped and dark red-skinned one with shallow eye depth in the tuber, and it imparted 13.2% higher marketable yield than Kufri Jyoti (24.3 tha -1). Thus, the genotype CIP392797.22 is recommended to evaluate on-farm for the verification and up-scaling among farmers at Mid-Western Nepal.

scholarly journals Effect of nematicide rotation on banana (Musa AAA cv. Williams) root nematode control and crop yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
Julio Jaramillo ◽  
Marlon Vintimilla ◽  
David Rubio ◽  
Gonzalo Soto ◽  
Mauricio Tobar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Nematode Control ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Living Root ◽  
Treatment Application ◽  
Banana Plantation

The effects of nematicide rotation on banana (Musa AAA cv. Williams) root weight, root nematode control, and crop yield were compared in a commercial banana plantation in Ecuador, testing six treatments in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. Treatments consisted of two, three and four different nematicide cycles per year plus the untreated control. Regarding the untreated plants and averaging the 24 root nematode samplings after treatment application, the nematicide applications reduced significantly R. similis (P<0.0001) between 20 and 49%, Helicotylenchus spp. (P<0.0001) between 31 and 51%, and total nematode populations (P<0.0001) between 29 and 49%. Accordingly, in the treated plants, there was an increase between 16 and 21% in living root weight (P=0.0003), and its percentage (P<0.0001) reached between 74.5 and 81.7% in the follower suckers. In addition, the death of roots by nematodes decreased (P=0.0009) between 20 and 46%. At harvest, nematicide applications increased bunch weight (P=0.0002; P=0.0467), ratio (P=0.0003 at 12 months), ratooning (P<0.0001; P<0.0001) and the number of boxes of 18.14 kg (P<0.0001; P=0.0005) per hectare per year at 12 and 24 months after treatment application, respectively. Plants treated with nematicides increased yield between 671 and 1,158 (12.2 - 21 t) and the number of boxes of 18.14 kg per hectare per year also increased between 545 and 1,046 (9.9 - 19.0 t), which resulted in a net profit between US $3,266 - $5,750 and between US $2,587 and $5,144 per hectare per year at 12 and 24 months after treatment application, respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of urea and cowdung on growth and yield of carrot

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Mehedi ◽  
M A Siddique ◽  
Sonia B Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Different Levels

A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer and organic cowdung manure on growth and yield of carrot. Three different levels of urea along with three different levels of cowdung were employed in the investigation following randomized complete block design. The result revealed that the application of 150 kg N ha-1 as urea was found suitable for maximum gross and marketable yield (47.35 t ha-1 and 39.0 t ha-1, respectively), while 15 t cowdung ha-1 showed better gross and marketable yield (38.13 t ha-1 and 30.42 t ha-1 , respectively). Regarding the combined effect, the combination of 150 kg N ha-1 and 15 t cowdung ha-1 resulted in the best performance in gross and marketable yields (51.22 t ha-1 and 43.41 t ha-1, respectively). The net return (TK. 211142 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (4.61) were maximum in the treatment combination of 150 kg N ha-1 in the form of urea and 15 t cowdung ha-1.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12012J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 9–13, 2012

scholarly journals Diversity of insect pests and natural enemies as influenced by growth stages and pest management practices in rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
MA Bakar ◽  
MMH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growth Stages

In order to measure the diversity of insect pests and natural enemies in rice ecosystem, the present study was conducted in the research farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali during the period from January to June, 2012 in boro rice season. Diversity indices of insect pests and their natural enemies were found to be affected by the combined effect of rice growth stages and management practices. Diversity indices of insect pests and their natural enemies differed according to treatments and crop growth stages. In case of insect pests, the untreated control treatment showed the highest diversity index (1.67) at maximum tillering stage and spray (Bipolar 55EC @ 10 ml/10 L of water) + perching at early tillering stage also showed highest richness (26.14) and the highest evenness (0.921) in spray at seedling stage. The highest reciprocal form of Berger-Parker's Dominance index (D) was found in untreated control at maximum tillering stage (3.03) for insect pests. In case of natural enemies, perching showed the highest diversity index (1.88) at reproductive stage. Spraying of insecticide at early tillering stage also showed highest richness (5.06) and the highest evenness (0.982) was in perching at seedling stage. The highest D value was found in perching at reproductive stage (4.67) for natural enemies.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 461-470, September 2016

ASSESSING THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CRUCIFER SEEDLINGS TO FLEA BEETLE (Phyllotreta spp.) DAMAGE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. LAMB
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Phyllotreta Striolata ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Beetle Damage

A 5-yr field study to develop a method for assessing the susceptibility of crucifer seedlings to damage by the flea beetles Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) and Phyllotreta striolata (F.) is described. The recommended method consisted of five replicate 5-m rows per cultivar in a randomized complete-block design. Each test was sown three times at weekly intervals, to assure that at least one test received an appropriate level of flea beetle damage. Each test was assessed 4–5 wk after seeding by counting the number of surviving seedlings in each row and by weighing the dried aboveground portion of 10 randomly selected seedlings, although the latter discriminated fewer lines. The damage caused by flea beetles varied spatially, but this source of variation was minor and did not compromise the tests. This method proved adequate for discriminating among crucifer species and agronomically similar cultivars, some of which showed consistent, significant differences in their responses to flea beettle damage.Key words: Crucifer, rapeseed, flea beetle, pest resistance

scholarly journals Rekomendasi Pemupukan Kalium pada Budi Daya Cabai Merah Besar (Capscicum annuum L) di Inceptisols Dramaga

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Amanda Sari Widyanti ◽  
Anas D. Susila
Keyword(s):  
Response Pattern ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Optimum Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
K Fertilization

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The  objective  of  this  study  was  to  determine  the  optimum  rate  of potassium  fertilization  in Inceptisols Dramaga. The experiment was conducted at Cikabayan University Farm from March to July 2014. This study was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design one factor with five K fertilization rates, ie 0X (0 kg K2O ha-1), ¼ X (193.09 kg K2O ha-1), ½ X (386.19 kg K2O ha-1), ¾ X (579.29 kg K2O ha-1),  and  1X  (772.39  kg  K2O  ha-1).  Potassium fertilizer  was applied  in  three applications  at  3,  6,  and  9  weeks  after transplanting. The  results  showed  that  K  fertilization increased plant height, leaf  number,  weight  per  plant,  fruit  weight,  fruit  diameter, fruit length, marketable yield per plot, unmarketable yield per plot, marketable yield per hectare, and  decrased unmarketable yield per hectare with linear response pattern. Addition of potassium did not affect the time of anthesis and fruit ripening. The addition of potassium fertilizer also increased total yield per plot and total yield per hectare with quadratic response pattern. In the medium K soil content with the value of 146.2 ppm (Morgan) K recommendation for red chili in inceptisols Dramaga  was 487.5 kg K2O ha-1.</p><p>Keywords: fertilizer, K2O, Morgan, optimum rate</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  memperoleh  dosis  optimum  pemupukan  kalium pada  Inceptisols Dramaga. Penelitian dilaksanakan di unit lapangan Cikabayan University Farm mulai Maret sampai Juli  2014.  Penelitian  ini  menggunakan Rancangan  Kelompok  Lengkap  Teracak  (RKLT)  1  faktor dengan lima perlakuan dosis pemupukan K, yaitu 0  X(0  kg K2O ha-1), ¼ X(193.09 kg K2O ha-1), ½ X(386.19  kg  K2O  ha-1),  ¾  X(579.29  kg  K2O  ha-1),  dan  1 X(772.39  kg  K2O  ha-1).  Pupuk  kalium diaplikasikan dalam tiga kali aplikasi pada 3, 6, dan 9 MST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan  K meningkatkan  tinggi  tanaman,  jumlah  daun,  bobot  tanaman-1,  bobot  per buah, diameter buah, panjang buah, bobot layak per petak, bobot tidak layak per petak, bobot layak per hektar, dan mengurangi bobot tidak layak pasar per hektar dengan pola respon linear. Sementara itu penambahan kalium tidak berpengaruh terhadap waktu antesis dan waktu masak buah. Penambahan pupuk kalium juga meningkatkan hasil bobot panen total per petak dan panen total per hektar dengan pola respon kuadratik. Pada tingkat kelas ketersediaan K  sedang dengan nilai terekstrak 146.2 ppm (Morgan) dihasilkan rekomendasi kalium untuk budi daya cabai merah besar di inceptisols Dramaga adalah 487.5 kg K2O ha-1.</p><p>Kata kunci: dosis optimum, K2O, Morgan, pupuk</p>

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