scholarly journals Effect of plant regulators on growth and flowering of 'Meyer' zoysiagrass

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Marchi ◽  
D. Martins ◽  
N.V. Costa ◽  
J.R.V. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Visual Effects ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

This trial aimed to evaluate the effect of sequential applications of different plant regulators over growth and flower rachis emission of 'Meyer' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). The study was conducted on 15-month old green turfgrass under a randomized complete block design with four replications. The following plant regulator and doses were tested: trinexapac-ethyl (113+113, 226+113, 226+226, 452+113, 452+226, 452+452, 678+339 e 904+452 g a.i./ha-1), prohexadione-calcium (100+100 e 200+200 g a.i. ha-1) and bispyribac-sodium (40+40 e 60+60 g a.i. ha-1), as well as an untreated control. The turfgrass was mowed again at 3.0 cm aboveground and the second plant regulator was applied when 'Meyer' zoysiagrass was between 5.0 and 6.0 cm high. The effect of the treatments was visually rated for visual injury, plant height, height and number of flower rachis, and total dry mass production of clippings. Only bispyribac-sodium had visual symptoms of injury on 'Meyer' zoysiagrass, and no intoxication was observed at 28 days after the second application (DAAB). The sequential applications of trinexapac-ethyl, prohexadione-calcium and bispyribac-sodium reduced by more than 80% the total clipping dry mass produced by 'Meyer' zoysiagrass. All the plant regulators tested also showed promising results in reducing the height and emission of rachis, especially when trinexapac-ethyl was applied at the doses 452+452, 678+339 and 904+452 g a.i. ha-1. 'Meyer' zoysiagrass turfgrass can be handled with the sequential application of a plant regulator, which reduces the need for mowing over a period up to 110 days after the application of the second plant regulator, and it also avoids deleterious visual effects over turfgrass.

scholarly journals Chicken Manure and Phosphorus Influence on Biomass Production and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Ocimum kilimandscharicum

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Vânia Tomazelli de Lima ◽  
Maria do Carmo Vieira ◽  
Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio ◽  
Néstor Antonio Heredia Zárate ◽  
Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

The effects of soil incorporation of five rates of semi-decomposed chicken manure (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1), with and without the addition of phosphorus (200 kg P2O5 ha-1) on biomass production and chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of African blue basil were evaluated. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The first cut of plants was performed at 70 days after transplanting (DAT) and the second at 140 DAT. The addition of 20 t ha-1 of chicken manure to the soil induced increase in plants height, fresh and dry mass production and yield of essential oil. The use of chicken manure induced an increase in camphor content and decreased content of 1,8 cineole. After regrowth, biomass production of African blue basil was higher when compared to the first cut.

scholarly journals Biostimulant and Micronutrient Applications in the Production of Acacia mangium Seedlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nathália Ferreira Alves ◽  
Sebastião Ferreira de Lima ◽  
Ana Paula Leite de Lima ◽  
Catia Aparecida Simon ◽  
Pedro Paulo Virgilio Damis
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Aims: Evaluate the effects of applying biostimulant and micronutrients on Acacia mangium Willd seedlings. Study Design: A randomized complete block design was used in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, at the Chapadão do Sul Campus, MS, with the geographical coordinates 18º46’ 44” S and 52º36’ 49” W, in a nursery area from October 2015 to January 2016. Methodology: The treatments consisted of a combination of the presence or absence of a solution containing micronutrients and five doses of biostimulant (0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 mL per L of water). The commercial product Stimulate™ was used as the biostimulant, and the micronutrient solution was prepared at the concentration of 1.0%. The micronutrients in the solution were in the following formulations: ZnS04, H3BO3 and CuS04. The seeds were sown in tubes containing the commercial substrate Carolina Soil do Brasil, together with the use of Osmocote Plus™ fertilizer. Results: The use of biostimulant associated with micronutrients favored the rate of emergency speed. The doses of 24.8, 14.0 and 26.1 mL L-1 of biostimulant water provided the highest values for leaf area, plant height and total dry mass, respectively, when associated with the use of micronutrients. The height / diameter ratio decreased with increasing doses of biostimulant, while the Dicson quality index increased in the same condition. Conclusion: The use of micronutrients and biostimulants were favourable for the production of A. mangium seedlings. Only the height/diameter ratio (HDR) reduced for all biostimulant doses.

scholarly journals FARINHA DE CARNE E OSSOS E ADUBAÇÃO DE COBERTURA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DE CAPIM MOMBAÇA

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Rubson Da Costa Leite ◽  
Rubens Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Robson Da Costa Leite ◽  
Jefferson Santana da Silva Carneiro ◽  
Álvaro José Gomes de Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Commercial Sources

Apesar do resíduo de frigorífico ser abundante em nutrientes, em especial elevado teor de fósforo da farinha de carne e ossos, faz necessário a avaliação desse produto em comparação a outras fontes comerciais. Objetivou-se avaliar componentes de produção e produtividade do capim Mombaça em função de diferentes fontes fosfatadas e ausência de adubação de cobertura. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os 36 tratamentos foram obtidos numa combinação fatorial (3x6x2), sendo três fontes de fertilizantes fosfatados (Superfosfato simples, Basifós e Farinha de carne e osso) e seis doses de adubação fosfatada (0; 35; 70; 140; 210; 280) kg ha-1 de P2O5 e a aplicação ou não da adubação de cobertura de nitrogênio e potássio (100 kg de ureia; 60 kg de cloreto de potássio e 0 kg ha-1 de adubação de cobertura). Foram avaliados altura de plantas, perfilhamento e massa seca da parte aérea do capim Mombaça. A fonte alternativa farinha de carne e ossos promoveu acréscimo na altura de plantas, número de perfilhos e massa de forragem em capim Mombaça, mesmo quando comparada com diferentes fontes comerciais.Palavras-chave: adubação, resíduos de frigorífico, Panicum maximum. MEAT AND BONE MEAL AND COVER FERTILIZATION ON MOMBASA GRASS PRODUCTIVITY ABSTRACT: Although the refrigerator residue is abundant in nutrients, in particular high phosphorus content of meat and bone meal, it is necessary to evaluate this product in comparison to other commercial sources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and productivity components of the Mombasa grass as a function of different phosphate sources and absence of cover fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The 36 treatments were obtained in a factorial combination (3x6x2), with three sources of phosphate fertilizers (Superphosphate simple, Basifós and Meat and bone meal) and six doses of phosphate fertilization (0; 35; 70; 140; 210; 280) kg ha-1 of P2O5 and the application or not of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (100 kg of urea, 60 kg of potassium chloride and 0 kg ha-1 of cover fertilization). Plant height, tillering and dry mass of the aerial part of the Mombasa grass were evaluated. The alternative source of meat and bone meal promoted an increase in plant height, number of tillers and forage mass in Mombasa grass, even when compared to different commercial sources.Keywords: fertilizer, slaughterhouse waste, Panicum maximum.

scholarly journals Planting Spacing of Cultivated Soybean Intercropped with Cover Plants

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Thatyele Sousa dos Santos ◽  
José de Anchieta Alves de Albuquerque ◽  
Roberto Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Rocha ◽  
José Maria Arcanjo Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Cultivated Soybean

Aims: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of planting spacing in soybean intercropped with covering species in the Roraima savanna. Study Design: The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiments were conducted at Embrapa Roraima, in Campo Experimental Água Boa, municipality of Boa Vista - Roraima state, in 2015 and 2016. Methodology: Plots consisted in the spacing (0.45, 0.55 and 0.65 m) and the subplots were constituted by the cover plant species Urocloa brizantha, Urocloa ruziziensis, Panicum maximum and the treatment without intercropping. The used soybean cultivar was BRS Tracajá in two crops. The following variables had evaluated: plant height, number of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, plant dry matter, insertion of the first pod, grain yield, and dry matter of the covering species and of spontaneous vegetation. Results: Cover plants affected the plant height, number of pods per plant, insertion of the first pod, dry matter of cover species and yield of grains in soybean. The spacing did not influence the growth and production of the soybean crop, except positively in the number of pods per plant with the increased of spacing. The interaction of cover plants and spacing affected the weight of 100 grains, the insertion of the first pod and the dry mass of the cover species. Number of grains per pod and the dry mass of the soybean plants were not affected by the cover plants and by the spacing. Conclusion: The U. brizantha species provids the highest production of dry matter intercropped with soybean, however, the yield of the crop decrease. The U. ruziziensis species is the most suitable for the cultivation intercropped with the crop. The used spacing do not influence the productivity.

scholarly journals Agronomic Viability of Mentha piperita Under Quantities and Forms of Application of the Organic Fertilization in the Semiarid of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Jordany Ramalho Silveira Farias ◽  
Paulo César Ferreira Linhares ◽  
Janilson Pinheiro de Assis ◽  
Roberto pequeno de Sousa ◽  
Maria Francisca Soares Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The use of available resources in the property is of paramount importance for the sustainability of the system. In this sense, the objective was to study the agronomic viability of mint Mentha piperita under amounts and forms of application of the organic fertilization in the semiarid of Brazil. The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm Rafael Fernandes in the period from August 2017 to November 2017, in the Alagoinha district, rural area of Mossoró-RN. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor consisted of the quantities of the mixture of jitirana plus bovine manure (0.0, 1.4, 2.8, 4.2 and 5.6 kg m-2), the second factor was composed by the way of handling the mixture of jitirana and bovine manure (incorporated and in cover). For the mint crop, the cultivar Mentha piperita was planted. The following characteristics were evaluated: biomass height, green mass production; number of bunches; dry mass production; oil content and oil production. No interaction was observed between the amounts of organic fertilization in the forms of management of organic fertilization in the characteristics evaluated. The best agronomic performance of mint was observed in the amount of 4.2 kg m-2, with green mass production of 1.5 kg m-2, equivalent to 16.4 units m-2. Organic fertilization becomes viable option to be used in the fertilization of the mint.

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE TIFTON – 85 ( CYNODON SPP.) EM FUNÇÃO DO USO DE GESSO E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (Especial) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Caio Augusto Silva ◽  
Moniki Campos Janegitz ◽  
Nathiele Vieira Cardoso ◽  
Giovanna Alevato Galli ◽  
Rafael de Paiva Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
N Use ◽  
Gypsum Application

The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of tifton-85 forage in function of N doses with and without gypsum applied as a source of sulfur. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2 x 4 factorial: four doses of N (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1 N) as urea by two treatments (with and without gypsum), with four replicates. One hundred and thirty days after planting, were measured plant height, dry matter mass and N use efficiency (EUN). Without gypsum applied, the N use efficiency and dry matter mass of plants increased in 120 kg N ha-¹. The gypsum application improves the development of Tifton grass, increasing dry mass production in relation to the amount of N applying up to 180 kg N ha-1 and possibly higher doses.

Influence of Nitrogen and Potassium on Three Zoysiagrasses

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 516b-516
Author(s):  
James N. McCrimmon
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Color Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Color Density ◽  
Minimal Research ◽  
Micronutrient Fertilizer

Zoysiagrass has great potential for use in the Gulf Coast states as a turfgrass. There has been minimal research on the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertility response of zoysiagrass and the effect on turf color, quality, and nutrient content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N and K fertility on zoysiagrass. A study was conducted on three zoysiagrasses: Zoysia japonica × Z. tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin. (`Emerald'); Z. japonica Steud. (`Meyer'); and Z. matrella. The N and K treatment combinations consisted of high (H) and low (L) rates of N and K at the following levels: N levels of 454 and 227 g N/92.9 m2 per month and K levels of 454 and 227 g N/92.9 m2 per month. The treatment combinations were (N and K): HH, HL, LH, and LL and were applied in two split applications monthly from July through November. The study was a randomized complete-block design with three replications. All plots received two applications of a micronutrient fertilizer (late June and August), were irrigated as needed, and maintained at a height of 3.8 cm. Color, density, texture, uniformity, and quality were determined visually for each month. Plant tissue samples were collected (September) and analyzed for macronutrient and micronutrient contents. There were significant differences for color, density, and quality in the following months: September (color and density); October (quality); and November (color and quality). There were differences in leaf texture for all months. There were significant differences for N, magnesium (Mg), and K contents but there were no differences for any micronutrient. This study indicated that all three zoysiagrasses provided acceptable color and quality during the summer and fall, and that N and K rates affected N, K, and Mg contents in the plant.

scholarly journals Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
K.M.B. Silva ◽  
P.I.B. Silva ◽  
V.R. Oliveira ◽  
J.L.B. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Ground Part

The reduction in herbicide use is one of the greatest interests for modern agriculture and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including the adoption of cultivars that suppress weeds. The objective of this study was to verify if maize cultivars develop differently, in competition with weeds, to produce green ears and grain. Randomized complete block design was used, with split-plots and five replications. Cultivars DKB 390, DKB 466, DKB 350, AG 7000, AG 7575 and Master, were evaluated in the plots, without weeding and two weedings (at 22 and 41 days after sowing) in sub plots. Twenty-one species were identified in the experimental area, the most frequent being Gramineae (Poaceae), Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and Convolvulaceae species. There was no difference in the dry biomass above-ground part of the weeds in the plots of the evaluated cultivars. The cultivars behaved similarly in treatments with or without hoeing, except for plant height and ear height evaluations. Without hoeing, plant height increased in cultivar DKB 390, while plant height and ear height decreased in cultivar AG 7575. In the other cultivars, these traits did not change under weed control. The presence of weeds decreased the values of all traits employed to assess green corn yield, with the exception of the total number of green ears and grain yield.

scholarly journals Alternatives to sowing vegetable type soybeans

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edcarlos Mannfredini ◽  
Deonisio Destro ◽  
Martin Homechin ◽  
Gustavo Sachsida ◽  
Édison Miglioranza
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Disposable Plastic

Today, soybean crops of the Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar are sown in beds prior to transplantation to the field. This planting system has caused crop failure due to damage to the root system. An experiment to test different sowing alternatives to obtain plantlets for cropping of food type big seeded soybean was set up with the following treatments: sowing in beds; sowing in 130 cm³ newspaper cups; sowing in test tubes of volumes of 30 cm³, 60 cm³ and 70 cm³; sowing in 70 cm³ disposable plastic cups; sowing on 90 cm³ styrofoam trays. A randomized complete block design was used, and the following traits were assessed: germination percentage; number of days to flowering; plant height at flowering; number of days to maturity; plant height at maturity; number of seeds per plant; individual plant yield; weight of a hundred seeds. Results should that three methods could be used to set up Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar crops: sowing in disposable plastic cups, sowing in beds with later transplant, or direct sowing in the field.

scholarly journals EXCESSO DE FERRO SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PORTA-ENXERTOS CÍTRICOS

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Kassio Ewerton Santos Sombra ◽  
Andreza Cristina Chagas de Oliveira ◽  
Ronyce Do Nascimento Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Caique Costa e Silva ◽  
Cleilson Do Nascimento Uchôa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

O trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do excesso de ferro sobre a emergência e desenvolvimento inicial de genótipos de porta-enxertos cítricos. Adotou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), em fatorial 5x2, com cinco porta-enxertos e dois substratos, repetidos quatro vezes, com parcela útil de 15 recipientes. Os genótipos consistiram do limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’; citrandarins ‘Riverside’, ‘San Diego’ e ‘Índio’, além de, tangerineira ‘Sunki Tropical’, cultivados com ou sem óxido de ferro no substrato. Analisaram-se as porcentagens de emergência (PE) e calculou-se o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE). Realizaram-se biometrias aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após a semeadura (DAS), mensurando-se a altura (H) e diâmetro de caule (D) das plântulas, determinando-se massa fresca (MV) e seca (MS). O excesso de ferro induziu subdesenvolvimento, e até mortalidade de plântulas já emergidas, o que refletiu diretamente nos resultados, porém, todos os genótipos apresentaram emergência superior a 75%, destacando-se o citrandarin ‘San Diego’, com maior altura e caule mais espesso, e o citrandarin ‘Riverside’ com maior sensibilidade ao estresse, registrando os menores valores. O citrandarin ’San Diego’ demonstrou tolerância o estresse e desenvolveu-se satisfatoriamente, necessitando estudos que avaliem a manutenção das características inferidas em combinação com a cultivar copa.Palavras-chave: ambiente protegido, citricultura, enxertia, estresse, mudas. EXCESS OF IRON ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was evaluated the effects of iron excess on the emergence and initial development of citrus rootstock genotypes. A randomized complete block design (DBC), factorial 5x2, with five rootstocks and two substrates, repeated four times, with useful plot of 15 containers was adopted. Genotypes consisted of the 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lemon; 'Riverside', 'San Diego' and 'Indio' citrandarins, as well as 'Sunki Tropical' tangerine, grown with or without iron excess in substrate. The percentages of emergency (PE) were analyzed and the rate of emergency (IVE) was calculated. Biometry was performed at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS), by measuring the height (H) and stem diameter (D) of the seedlings, determining fresh (MV) and dry mass (DM). The excess of iron induced underdevelopment, and even mortality of already emerged seedlings, which reflected directly in the results, however, all genotypes presented an emergency higher to 75%, standing out ’San Diego’ citrandarin, with greater height and more stem thick, and the ‘Riverside’ citrandarin with greater sensitivity to stress, registering the lowest values. 'San Diego’ citrandarin demonstrated stress tolerance and developed satisfactorily, requiring studies that evaluate maintenance of inferred characteristics in combination with cultivar canopy.Keywords: protected environment, citriculture, grafting, stress, seedlings.

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