Design Aspects of Small-Hydropower Plant

Hydropower Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Small Hydropower ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Power Stations ◽

Generator Type ◽

System Frequency

Presently, however, Hydroelectric is a source of power that can prove to be available to all, regardless of conditions such as weather. As history showed, a lot of development, as well as alterations, were made to this efficient supply of energy. Hydropower is a positive alternative energy source that nature provides, therefore, its effective usage is not prohibited. Although there are many disadvantages associated with the design and construction of a hydroelectric power plant, the advantageous features are even more enormous. This paper deals with construction and design aspects for the implementation of the small hydroelectric power station. The main parameters can be collected from the site. Then the turbine type and dimensions can be specified. The generator specifications,which is the main part in the system, for hydro-power stations can be obtained from the determination of turbine output power. These specifications involve mainly the rated power in KVA, the type of system, system frequency, the type of stator winding connection, rated load voltage, rated load current, load power factor, generator speed, method of the system cooling, and the generator type of excitation.

Usaquén small hydropower plant - successful case

Visión electrónica ◽

10.14483/22484728.18393 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 293-303

Author(s):

Diego Fernando Rodríguez-Galán ◽

Andrés Escobar-Díaz

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Environmental Problems ◽

Hydropower Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Small Hydropower ◽

Engineering Project ◽

Business Context ◽

Successful Case ◽

The City

In this study a presentation is made of the Small Hydroelectric Power Plant (PCH) located in Usaquén (Bogota), the work is based on an engineering project carried out by the Aqueduct and Sewer Company of Bogotá (EAAB). It is addressed first of all the environmental problems considered in this project and the business context that propitiates it, taking into account the technical background of the operation of the aqueduct system of the city. In second instance, the technical generalities and the scopes that were estimated in the formulation of the project are exposed to finally contrast them with the results obtained after five years of operation of the project.

Evaluasi Keandalan PLTA Bakaru

Jurnal Sinergi Jurusan Teknik Mesin ◽

10.31963/sinergi.v19i1.2762 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 80

Author(s):

Akbar Tanjung ◽

Arman Jaya ◽

Suryanto Suryanto ◽

Apollo Apollo

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Capacity Factor ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Hydropower Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Conducting Research ◽

The City

One form of water energy utilization is done by building a Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) in Indonesia, the Bakaru PLTA is one of the projects within PT. PLN (Persero). This project is a Hydro Power Plant Master project with a SULSELRABAR transmission located 246 km from the city of Makassar. The operation of the Bakaru hydropower system is certainly expected to work optimally, reliably and efficiently. Therefore, evaluation or data on the performance of the generator itself is needed. This study was conducted to determine the condition of the Bakaru hydropower plant based on the equivalent availability factor (EAF) and Net Capacity Factor (NCF) and Cost of Production (BPP). The data used is operating data on the Bakaru hydropower plant for 1 year. The data was obtained by using the documentation technique, while the data analysis was carried out using the Microsoft Excel program. After conducting research, it can be concluded that the condition of the Bakaru hydropower plant in 2017 is considered normal, seen from the EAF value reaching 94.15% and the average EFOR value of 2.4% with the number of Service Hours (SH) of 16,912.93 hours from 2 units. with the percentage of Service Hours to Period Hours reaching 96.53%. Meanwhile, the Net Capacity Factor of the Bakaru hydropower plant in 2017 reached 85.83%, with a total gross energy production of 945,372.50 MWh. This value exceeds the target that has been set.

PLANS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE CHEBOKSARY HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION IN THE 1940s

Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta ◽

10.47026/1810-1909-2021-2-127-132 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 127-132

Author(s):

Elena K. Mineeva ◽

Nadezhda G. Rusinova

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Power Station ◽

Material Resources ◽

Power Stations ◽

Archival Documents ◽

Scientists And Engineers

In the year of Cheboksary hydroelectric power station’s anniversary, the authors of the article aim to investigate the issue of the waterworks facility’s formation in the early 40s of the last century. Based on the principles of historicism and objective analysis, the main stages of implementing the HPP construction plan are considered. The article presents archival documents which examine the problems of decision-making on the construction of the object. The issue of constructing hydroelectric power stations on the Volga, in particular in the territory of Chuvashia, was studied in the specially created Bureau «The Great Volga». Simultaneously with the construction of Cheboksary HPP, the construction of two more stations – Yaroslavskaya and Balakhninskaya – was considered. The authors present comparative characteristics of the objects. Cheboksary hydroelectric power plant in terms of its performance significantly exceeded other structures. The article notes that prior to the construction of the station, a lot of preparatory and survey work was carried out, which was limited by a tight deadline. As a result of examining the scope of work, material resources and labor costs, the construction of the station was postponed to a later date. Scientists and engineers recognized the priority need to build less powerful stations. The materials of the article can be used for further research of this topic, as well as when writing regional natural history works.

Construction and Operation of Small Hydro Power Plants in the Ukrainian Carpathians: New Challenges for Environment

Man and Environment. Issues of Neoecology ◽

10.26565/1992-4224-2020-33-02 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Environmental Impact Assessment ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Power Station ◽

Hydro Power ◽

The Impact

Purpose. Analysis of environmental problems and risks associated with the construction and operation of small hydroelectric power facilities (SHEPP) in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Methods. Field studies, statistical, hydrological, hydroecological, analysis and synthesis. Results. Potential environmental risks arising from the construction and operation of SHEPP in the Ukrainian Carpathians are considered. The influence of Yavіrska hydroelectric power station on water discharges in the Stryi river was investigated. The daily water discharges for the two hydraulic sections located above and below the station for low-water (2003) and high-water (2008) years are analyzed. Possible risks in the construction and operation of the hydroelectric power plant for the movement of flood waters, river sediments, the development of riverbed deformations, and others, are indicated. The difference in water discharges between the two hydrological stations is presented, and it is confirmed that in the spring of 2008 and 2003 and the autumn and winter of 2003 and 2008 minimal differences in water consumption were observed as a result of the water retention in the reservoir above the dam of Yavіrska hydro power station for the maximal electrical power generation. The impact of the Yavіrska SHEPP on the biota of the Stryi river during 2014–2015 was analyzed. The obtained results indicate that the main negative factors affecting the communities of river hydrobionts are the creation of reservoir of limnethic conditions in the continuum of the river ecosystem; the accumulation of sediments and dead organic matter on its bottom and banks and the demolition of these sediments on the lower sections of the channel bed; also a decrease of water in the riverbed downstream of the dam after the closure of the floodgates in June. The analysis of the environmental impact assessment reports made it possible to analyze the major environmental threats, which are possible during the building and operation of a small hydroelectric power plant on the Stryi river in the Dovhe village (Drohobych district, Lviv region). Conclusions. To prevent the impact of the projected SHEPP in the Carpathian region it is necessary to prescribe the mechanism of carrying out the environmental impact assessment, to specify the natural-geographical, hydrological and hydro-ecological restrictions on the construction and operation of the hydroelectric power station. It is also necessary to identify sections of mountain (“wild”) rivers with high values of natural landscapes and prohibit the construction of small hydropower facilities.

Assessment of the Resistance Value of Trash Racks at a Small Hydropower Plant Operating at Low Temperature

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13071775 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1775

Author(s):

Natalia Walczak ◽

Zbigniew Walczak ◽

Jakub Nieć

Keyword(s):

Free Flow ◽

Hydropower Plant ◽

Hydraulic Structures ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Small Hydropower ◽

Frazil Ice ◽

Head Losses ◽

Hydropower Plants ◽

Proper Operation

Trash racks are the first element mounted in inlet channels of hydraulic structures. Their primary task is to capture coarse pollutants flowing in the riverbed/river channel and protect water facilities downstream. With the use of these devices, it is possible to separate coarse suspended matter, branches carried with the current, floating plastic elements, etc., which undoubtedly contributes to a trouble-free flow through culverts or channels and prevents hydroelectric power plant turbines from failure. An important issue here is also to ensure the proper operation of trash racks, particularly in respect of hydraulic structures whose task is to convert water energy into electricity (hydropower plants). Proper operation of trash racks minimizes losses arising from obstructing the free flow of water through accumulated waste or, in the wintertime, through icing. Incorrect work in this area entails specific head losses, and consequently leads to economic harm. In the paper, the resistance values of trash racks were analyzed at small hydropower plants (SHPs) operating at low temperatures, determined under laboratory conditions, with the occurrence of frazil ice and ice. The results indicate that the added ice into the channel resulted in the formation of a cover in front of the trash racks with an average thickness of about 0.02 m. The accumulated ice increased the head losses up to 14%. The range of the ice cover depended on the weight added ice and reached 0.6 m in analyzed cases.

DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION of MOBILE HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

Science and Technology of Kazakhstan ◽

10.48081/xfgh3307 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 58-63

Author(s):

Sergey Ivanovich Derevyagin ◽

Igor Valeryevich Zagozin

Keyword(s):

Water Flow Rate ◽

Hydropower Plant ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Power Station ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

The review of the operation, design, and operation features of the mini-hydro power plant that can provide electricity to a private household or a separate private house. A project has been developed to supply the private sector with electricity from a mobile hydroelectric power station. To accommodate the hydropower plant, it was decided to install the DN500 pipeline. The selected water flow rate and the difference in the location of the channel and the location of the turbine installation allow you to provide the required power.The novelty of the work consists of electrifying a private economy using a mobile hydroelectric power station and establishing the advantages and disadvantages of this solution with an assessment of the impact of all design parameters on the output parameters.The research results can be applied for the manufacture of the mobile hydroelectric power station to their usage in the peasant farms, to save electricity, as well as in the development of experimental-industrial samples of electrical installations for various purposes.

The simulation model for a flood management by flood control facilities

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201824515002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 245 ◽

pp. 15002 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Roman Davydov ◽

Valery Antonov ◽

Dmitry Molodtsov ◽

Alexey Cheremisin ◽

Vadim Korablev

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Flood Control ◽

Flood Management ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Operation Modes ◽

Wide Range ◽

Environmental Requirements

The rapid spread of storm floods over large areas requires flood management throughout the river basin by the creation an innovative system of flood control facilities of various functional purposes distributed in the area. The central part of the system is the hydro system with hydro power plant. In addition, the flood control facilities on the side tributaries with self-regulating reservoir are included in the system. To assess the effect of controlling extreme water discharges by flood control facilities, it is necessary to develop special mathematical models reflecting the specifics of their operation. Unified mathematical models of the operation modes of a hydro complex with hydroelectric power station and flood control facility are created. They are implemented in a computer program that provides the ability to determine the main parameters and operating characteristics of hydro systems when performing multivariate calculations in a wide range of initial data. This makes possible specifying the parameters and operation modes of each hydro system with the current economic and environmental requirements, to assess the energy-economic and environmental consequences in the operation of the system of flood control facilities distributed in the area. The article analyses the results of the extreme water discharge’s regulation by the hydro system on the main river and flood control facilities on the side tributaries, considering environmental requirements.

Application of Intelligent Technological Systems in Order to Increase Efficiency of the Lock Chamber System in Hydro Power Plants

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.806.64 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 806 ◽

pp. 64-73

Author(s):

Aleksandar Vujović ◽

Zdravko Krivokapić ◽

Jelena Jovanović

Keyword(s):

Power Plants ◽

Global Market ◽

Real System ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Initial State ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Lock Chamber ◽

Levels Of Automation ◽

Hydro Power Plants

The paper is a result of research at the Mechanical Engineering Faculty in Podgorica and represents the aspiration of authors to combine scientific and technical experience in order to achieve improvement in a real system. It is a complex system of lock chambers in a hydroelectric power plant. Based on a detailed analysis of the initial state, through the process modeling of complex real system, the authors identify possible areas where the intervening and applying modern systems with greater flexibility is necessary to achieve higher levels of automation. Also, proposed in the paper are measures for ensuring the security of information that rise system performance to a higher level compared to the competition and create an advantage in the global market.

Assessment of the technical condition of underground structures of the largest hydroelectric power station in the North Caucasus, the Chirkeyskaya HPP

Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University ◽

10.20295/1815-588x-2021-3-410-420 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 410-420

Author(s):

Vladimir N. KAVKAZKY ◽

◽

Yana V. MEL’NIK ◽

Alexey P. LEIKIN ◽

Andrey V. BENIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Practical Importance ◽

Technical Condition ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Underground Structures ◽

North Caucasus ◽

The Caucasus ◽

The North

Objective: Chirkeyskaya HPP is by far the most powerful hydroelectric power plant in the North Caucasus with the highest arched dam in Russia and the second highest dam in the country after the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. This explains why it is called the pearl of the Caucasus. Methods: For the operation and maintenance of this unique structure, a large-scale complex of underground structures for various purposes was built, the technical condition of which must be constantly monitored. To carry out work on the survey of underground structures, the management of the design and survey institute of JSC “Lengidroproekt” decided to attract specialists from the Department of Tunnels and Subways and the Test Center “Strength” of Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University. The work was successfully carried out at the end of 2015. Results: The safety of underground structures was objectively assessed. Recommendations for the repair and further comprehensive reconstruction of the Chirkeyskaya HPP have been developed. Practical importance: Carry out work on the survey of underground structures of Chirkeyskaya HPP is allowes elaborate of complex measures on safety from Chirkeyskaya HPP.

Analysis of floodable areas of the Angara river

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202022303002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

pp. 03002

Author(s):

Gachenko Andrey ◽

Hmelnov Alexey

Keyword(s):

Model Building ◽

Application Software ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Power Station ◽

Terrain Model ◽

Power Stations ◽

Littoral Area ◽

Bratsk Reservoir

In this work, the authors present a technology for riverside terrain model building that has been tested on a number of scientific projects to study the littoral area of tail race of the Irkutsk Hydroelectric Power Station and the Bratsk Reservoir. This model is used for forecasting changes in the reservoir shorelines associated with wastewater in the cascade of hydroelectric power stations. The technology described in the work was approved to solve a number of practical problems and showed its effectiveness. Specialized application software was developed and terrain data from various sources were used to specify and detail the end result.