scholarly journals Impact of Partially Treated Wastewater on Downstream Water Quality of Notwane River in Botswana

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gilbert K. Gaboutloeloe ◽  
Gugu Molokwe ◽  
Benedict Kayombo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
River Stretch ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The Impact

The impact of partially treated wastewater on the water quality of Notwane river stretch in the Gaborone region of Botswana was investigated. Water samples collected at effluent discharge point and three other sampling sites downstream were analyzed for pH, temperature, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Ammonia-nitrogen (Ammonia-N) and Nitrate-nitrogen (Nitrate-N). Sampling was conducted bi-weekly between February 2013 and April 2013. The ranges of measured parameters were:  pH (7.6-8.5), temperature (22-23ºC), BOD5 (11.2-27.0 mg/l), Ammonia-N (2.4-60.5 mg/l), Nitrate-N (20.6-28.6 mg/l). Analysis of variance, Games-Howel multiple comparisons and Pearson correlation were used to separate variable means. The results signal river non-point pollution due to runoff inflow of organics mainly from land use and domestic waste dumping by nearby dwellings. Temperature, BOD5, and pH range values were all within the Botswana Bureau of Standards (BOBS) limit while the maximum Ammonia-N and Nitrate-N were above BOBS limit by 50.5 mg/l and 6.6 mg/l, respectively. Regulations on indiscriminate waste dumping and discharge standards adherence should be enforced.

scholarly journals LAND USE IMPACT ON THE WATER QUALITY OF LIWAGU RIVER, SABAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 118-133
Author(s):  
Mohmadisa Hashim ◽  
Erna Zuryena Ramli ◽  
Dewi Liesnoor Setyowati ◽  
Nasir Nayan ◽  
Zahid Mat Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Source ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The Impact

This article aimed to identify the water quality of the Liwagu River, Sabah, due to the impact of land use activities in the sub-basin area. The Liwagu river provides the main water source for the local population for domestic purposes. Observations on the water quality of the Liwagu river and identification of the types of land use activities along the river were investigated. Assessment of the Liwagu river water quality engaging six parameters, namely biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), alkaline index (pH), ammonia nitrogen (NH3N) and suspended solids (SS) in five stations that were selected. All of the parameters were analyzed against the Water Quality Index (WQI) standards by the Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia. Water quality sampling was carried out three times, which were in February, March, and April 2019. The results showed that the average value of WQI in February 2019 was at a good level (Class I), and in March and April, 2019 was at a clean level (Class II). The COD parameter showed values that exceeded the standards set by DOE Malaysia. The decline in water quality parameters was also contributed by tourism, agriculture, settlements, and loging upstream and along the river. In conclusion, the impact of land use activities on the quality of the Liwagu river was still under control and planned in terms of its development. However, monitoring for river pollution should be conducted regularly by various parties as an early step in preventing the degradation of the Liwagu river's water quality since the water source is also used by the nearby villagers as a source for water supply.

Water-Quality Assessment of Lv-Tang River in Zhanjiang, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Yun Liu ◽  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
Xiao Jian Liang ◽  
Yan Peng Lin ◽  
Rong Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Parameter ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
National Quality

Based on the water quality investigation data of December in 2010, the water environment quality of Lv-tang River in Zhanjiang national urban wetland park was assessed using single water quality parameter model and integrated water quality index model. The results show that the water quality of Lv-tang River is worse than the national quality standards for Grade V. The water is polluted seriously. The main pollutants are total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand CODCr with their average concentrations of 60.49 mg/L, 30.57 mg/L and 227.38mg/L, respectively. The averages of their single parameter pollution index are 30.25 , 19.79 and 8.74. The average of single parameter pollution index of the river is 8.23 which indicated that the river belongs to heavy pollution zone. The integrated water quality index was 22.5 showing that the river belongs to serious pollution zone.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Sewage Storage Ponds on the Water Environment in Surrounding Area

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Kairat Ospanov ◽  
Timur Rakhimov ◽  
Menlibai Myrzakhmetov ◽  
Dariusz Andraka
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Sewage Ponds ◽  
Basic Quality ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the results of research on the environmental impact of sewage ponds serving the city of Kostanay (Kazakhstan). The scope of the research included the determination of basic quality parameters of raw and treated wastewater, an analysis of the chemical composition of groundwater in the vicinity of sewage ponds, and the analysis of the water quality of the Tobol River. The obtained results indicate that sewage from storage ponds, infiltrating into the ground, caused groundwater pollution in the area of about 100 km2 around the reservoirs. Due to the fact that the groundwater aquifer in the vicinity of sewage ponds feeds the Tobol River, it also affects water quality in the river, which does not meet the requirements for most of the analyzed parameters.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Water and Sediment Quality of Tropical Forest Streams in Upper Reaches of the Baleh River, Sarawak, Malaysia, Subjected to Logging Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Jagath-Retchahan Sivalingam ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality ◽  
Forest Streams ◽  
The Impact

The study of the impact of logging activities on water and sediment quality of Sarawak forest streams is still scarce despite Sarawak being the largest exporter of timber in Malaysia. This study was aimed at determining the water and sediment quality of forest streams in Sarawak and the potential impact of logging activities. In situ parameters were measured, and water and sediment samples were collected at six stations before rain. Additionally, water quality was investigated at three stations after rain. The results showed that canopy removal resulted in large temperature variation and sedimentation in the forest streams. Lower suspended solids were found at stations with inactive logging (<2 mg/L) compared to active logging (10–16 mg/L) activities. The highest concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water and sediment was 4.4 mg/L, 77.6 μg/L, 0.17%, and 0.01%, respectively. Besides, significantly negative correlation of sediment nitrogen and water total ammonia nitrogen indicated the loss of nitrogen from sediment to water. Water quality of the streams deteriorated after rain, in particular, suspended solids which increased from 8.3 mg/L to 104.1 mg/L. This study reveals that logging activities have an impact on the water quality of Sarawak forest streams particularly in rainfall events.

Water Quality Monitoring, Early Warning and Identification of Risk Sources of South Lake Central Ecological Park in Tangshan City

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Jun Wang Tong ◽  
Shou Fang Jiang ◽  
Liu Nan ◽  
Shao Jia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Sample Points

Objectives To assess the current eutrophication and heavy metal pollution condition of South Lake by monitoring the water quality of South Lake Central Ecological Park in Tangshan city and to provide basic information and science basis for the continuity environmental monitoring and further treatment. Methods The water samples in South Lake were collected during 10th-12st May, 2011. Samples of surface water in Xixingchi, Yanglongshui, and Qingtianjing were determined temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD520), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd and so on. Single water quality index and the integrated pollution index were calculated to assess water quality of sampling point. Results The sense character of all sample points did not accord with national standards.The BOD520 of Xixingchi, West Yanglongshui, North Yanglongshui and the four sampling points of Qingtianjing were more than national standards. The TP, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen of Qingtianjings sample points exceeded national standards. Indicatorss of other sample were accord with national standards. Xixingchi, whichs comprehensive pollution index was 0.27, belonged to clean water. Yanglongshui, which`s comprehensive pollution index was 0.22, belonged to clean water too. Qingtianjing, whichs comprehensive pollution index was 1.99, belonged to polluted waters. Conclusions Xixingchi and Yanglongshui belongs to clean water. Qingtianjing belongs polluted water. The TP, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen of Qingtianjings four sample points exceeded national standards. The severity of the pollution is: Qingtianjing>Yanglongshui>Xixingchi.

Analyzing of water quality at Ooty for drinking purpose

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 091-099
Author(s):  
Gandhimathi A ◽  
Naresh K
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Sample Water ◽  
Very High ◽  
Drinking Purpose

Analyzing of water quality at Ooty town and to provide clean and safe water. The water quality is analyzed and tabulated in this paper. So we are able to know the quality of water available in the sample taken. The water analyzed about the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of water. It is used to measure the appearance of sample water for the need of living. Water samples are collected from the open well (Latitude and longitude coordinates are 11.410000, 76.699997). The samples were tested for parameters like pH, turbidity, total hardness, fluoride, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, acidity, and alkalinity. The values which are obtained from each parameter were compared with the Indian Standards: 10500 (Drinking water specifications). During the summer season the water demand is very high hence from the result the water was found to be safe for drinking.

scholarly journals Water quality of the Atibaia river in the city of Paulínia/SP: evaluation of the Electrical Conductivity and Chloride variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e66
Author(s):  
Camila Pereira Montovani ◽  
Cassiana Maria Reganhan Coneglian ◽  
Elaine Cristina Catapani Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Linear Correlation Analysis ◽  
The City

The present study aimed to evaluate the characteristics that most influenced the water quality variability of the Atibaia river in the city of Paulínia/SP, the coordinates of the water collection point are given by 22º44'23”(S) and 47º07 ' 40 ”(W), in the dry and rainy seasons, from 2006 to 2016. The data used in this study come from the monitoring of parameters carried out in the spring by a research team, accompanied by periodic collections of surface water samples and analyzes laboratory tests. The parameters addressed included: precipitation, temperature, Hydrogenionic potential (pH), turbidity, thermotolerant coliforms (Escherichia coli (E. coli)), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (Ntotal), total phosphorus (Ptotal), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC) and chlorides (Cl-). Water quality was assessed using linear correlation analysis, using the Pearson Correlation coefficient (r), and Multivariate Analysis, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The presence of EC, Cl- and COD in both periods indicates quality characteristics related to the mineralization of organic compounds present in the water and the eutrophication process.

scholarly journals Assessment of Surface Water Quality of Danube River in Terms of Usual Parameters and Correlation Analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-406
Author(s):  
Romana Drasovean ◽  
Gabriel Murariu ◽  
Gigi Constantinescu ◽  
Adrian Circiumaru
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Index Method

In order to determine the water quality of Danube River, in the Galati area, the Water Quality Index was calculated. Water Quality Index is a useful number of overall qualities of water. Galati is a Danube port city located in south-eastern of Romania. Samples were taken from 9 places along the Danube starting with the place where the Siret flows into the Danube to the Profiland Steel Plant. Profiland Steel is a company in Galai whose main activities are: sheet and zinc strips; treatment and coating of metals. The monitoring period was one year, from November 2016 to December 2017. Every month, thirty physical - chemical parameters were investigated. In this study the assessment of surface water quality was determined on the basis of various indicators such as: potassium and calcium ions, nitrites, nitrates, total nitrogen, ammonium, chlorides, total phosphorus, sulphates, cadmium, chrome, copper, lead, iron, zinc, density, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (CCO-Cr), biochemical oxygen demand (CBO5), electrical conductivity, the density of the conductivity, resistivity, pH, salinity, total dissolved solids. The water quality index (WQI) has been calculated by using Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index Method. Two types of correlations were developed: Pearson correlation matrix and Spearman correlation.

scholarly journals Linking Land Use Metrics Measured in Aquatic–Terrestrial Interfaces to Water Quality of Reservoir-Based Water Sources in Eastern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Ding ◽  
Qiyao Li ◽  
Jianjun Tang ◽  
Jiangfei Wang ◽  
Xin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Construction Land

The effects of anthropogenic land use on the water quality of reservoir-based water sources are understudied. We trained a self-organizing map (SOM) to measure the spatial pattern of nutrients over the course of a year in 61 reservoirs located in eastern China. In the linear regression model and one-way analyses of variance, we found that water quality was influenced by period of the year (flood, low, and normal periods based on rainfall conditions) and reservoir altitude (plains vs. mountains). Our results indicated that land use metrics measured in aquatic–terrestrial interfaces significantly influenced the water quality of reservoirs. The land use intensity (LUI) and the proportion of construction land had a positive correlation with ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) concentrations, and redundancy analysis indicated that the percent of landscape (PLAND) represented by construction land was positively correlated with CODMn, NH3-N, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations. The proportion of cropland was not correlated with any water quality property except for CODMn concentration. The total explained variance for water quality was highest when the scale was large (the area defined by a 1500 m radius around the reservoir), indicating that management which ensures water safety should be carried out at this scale.

scholarly journals A Qualidade da Água da Bacia do Rio Capivara, Manancial de Abastecimento do Município de São João -PR (Water Quality in the Basin of River Capivara, Source of Supply of the Municipality of São João-PR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 081
Author(s):  
Julio Caetano Tomazoni ◽  
Marilucia Cyrino Rodrigues ◽  
Elisete Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

Este estudo foi desenvolvido na bacia do Rio Capivara com área de 9.432,6300 ha e Perímetro de 50,78km, localizada geograficamente nos Municípios de São João, Chopinzinho e Saudades do Iguaçu, região Sudoeste do Estado do Paraná. Na pesquisa, foram utilizados conforme a Resolução 357/05 do CONAMA, os valores e padrões de qualidade para captação de água bruta em manancial classe 3, que é a condição do Rio Capivara. Foram considerados os seguintes parâmetros: Potencial Hidrogênio (pH), Fósforo, Nitrogênio Amoniacal, Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio(DBO), Nitrito, Nitrato,Coliformes Termotolerantes e análises cromatográficas para agrotóxicos. Em relação à qualidade da água da bacia, os dados utilizados neste trabalho comprovaram a incidência de resíduos de agroquímicos e dejetos de animais, porém não houve ocorrência que motivasse ação especifica, exceto quando ocorreu com o inseticida carbaril. Os resultados mostraram valores próximos ao permitido pela Resolução do Conama 357/05 e nessas condições a captação de água bruta está operando dentro da normalidade.   ABSTRACT The study was developed in the Capivara River basin with an area of 9432.63 ha and perimeter of 50.78 km, located in the municipalities of São João, Chopinzinho and Saudades do Iguaçu, Paraná State Southwest region. According to the Resolution No357/05 of CONAMA, were used values and quality standards for raw water abstraction in Class 3 source, which is the condition of Rio Capivara. The following parameters were considered: potential hydrogen (pH), phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nitrite, Nitrate, thermos-tolerant coliforms and chromatographic to pesticide compounds. Regarding the quality of the water of the basin, the data used in this study proved the incidence of residues of pesticides and animal waste, but there were no events that motivate specific action, except when was used thecarbaryl insecticide. The results showed values close to the permitted by Resolution CONAMA No357/05 and, under these conditions, the raw water intake works within normal limits. Keywords: Water quality, Source of water supply, Watershed.   

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