scholarly journals WAVE FORCES ON SQUARE CAISSONS

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Mogridge ◽  
W.W. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Wave Flume ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Water Depths

The forces and overturning moments exerted by waves on large vertical square-section caissons have been measured in the laboratory. Each model caisson extended from the bottom of a wave flume through the water surface and was oriented either with one side perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation or turned through an angle of forty-five degrees to this position. For a given orientation, each model was tested for a range of wave heights (up to the point of breaking) for various wave periods and water depths. A digital computer was used for the acquisition, processing, plotting and storage of the experimental data. In addition to the experimental work, an approximate theoretical method is presented which allows the wave loadings on a square caisson to be estimated by means of a simple desk calculation. The experimental data shows that this simple method of calculation is reasonably accurate over a wide range of wave conditions and caisson sizes.

scholarly journals WAVE SCATTERING BY PERMEABLE AND IMPERMEABLE BREAKWATER OF ARBITRARY SHAPE

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ijima ◽  
Chung Ren Chou ◽  
Yasu Yumura
Keyword(s):  
Arbitrary Shape ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Floating Body ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Wave Channel ◽  
Method Of Solution ◽  
Special Case

This paper deals with a theoretical method of calculation of the fluid motion, when a sinusoidal plane wave incidents to a permeable breakwater of arbitrary shape at constant water depth and shows that the problem for impermeable breakwater is solved as a special case of this method. The method described here is the extension of the author's method of solution for two-dimensional permeable breakwater by the method of continuation of velocity potentials for two different fluid regions into three-dimensional problems by means of Green functions. Here, the analytical process of calculation is presented and as representative examples, wave height distributions and wave forces around an isolated elliptic- and rectangular breakwater are calculated and compared with experiments in wave channel. The principle of this method is also applied to the analysis of submerged and semi-immersed fixed cylinder and the motions of floating body of arbitrary.

scholarly journals «Digital Lab» Platform as an Environment for Scientific Research and Development at the Kurchatov Institute

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Polyakov ◽  
Irina M. Enyagina ◽  
Dmitry S. Kokovin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computing Center ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The Kurchatov Complex of NBICS Nature-Like Technologies is focused on interdisciplinary research and development in the field of nano-, bio-, information, cognitive, socio-humanitarian sciences and technologies. The experimental basis of the NBICS complex is the Resource Centers operating in the mode of collective use by various scientific laboratories and containing modern equipment for conducting a wide range of scientific experiments. The processing and storage of the obtained experimental data is carried out on the supercomputer of the Computing Center, the use of which is also collective. Thus, there are problems of data exchange between different buildings, organizing their processing, analysis and orderly storage, as well as combining heterogeneous experimental data to obtain scientific results of a higher level. To solve these issues on the basis of the distributed modular platform «Digital Laboratory», an information and analytical environment was organized as a system that combines the scientific equipment of the Resource Centers, the supercomputer of the Computing Center, virtual machines and personal computers of scientific laboratories into a single virtual space, while organizing the exchange of data between various buildings, their processing, analysis and storage. The work with the system is carried out through the user web interface. At the request of researchers, each procedure for working with experimental data of a given type is implemented as an autonomous module of the «Digital Laboratory» platform. For example, the Module «Neuroimaging» for processing and analysis of fMRI / MRI experimental data of the human brain obtained on the tomograph of the Resource Center was put into operation and is successfully functioning. The use of this module makes the task of fMRI / MRI data analysis as simple as possible for the user, and also makes it possible to speed up the data processing many times over by parallelizing the computations on the supercomputer nodes. In addition to creating modules for working with experimental data, the system provides the ability to create modules for working with data of a different type. An example is the Module «Project Activity» for analyzing the effectiveness of scientific activities of research laboratories. The use of this system allows to optimize the work with experimental data in the course of scientific research due to the possibility of software implementation of the necessary procedures for their transfer, storage, processing and analysis.

Wave Forces on a Circular Caisson: Theory and Experiment

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Mogridge ◽  
W. W. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Incident Wavelength ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Theory And Experiment

The forces and overturning moments exerted by waves on a vertical circular caisson, extending from the ocean bottom through the water surface, have been measured for a range of wave heights and periods. The wave loads were measured on a 1:60 scale model of a rigid circular caisson, 60 ft (18.3 m) in diameter, in a water depth of 145 ft (44.2 m). A digital computer was used for the acquisition, processing, plotting, and storage of data. Experiments were conducted for a range of conditions described by water depth on incident wavelength d/L from 0.179 to 0.786, wave steepness H/L up to 0.076, and caisson diameter on incident wavelength D/L from 0.074 to 0.325. The experimental results were compared with values computed by the diffraction theory of MacCamy and Fuchs and showed that the theory is suitable for use over the range of conditions described above.

Time-resolved immunofluorometric assay and specimen storage conditions for measuring urinary gonadotropins

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Saketos ◽  
N Sharma ◽  
T Adel ◽  
M Raghuwanshi ◽  
N Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract We optimized storage conditions and validated a sensitive immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) for urinary gonadotropins. Assay linearity and parallelism for luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was observed to 0.04 IU/L. Urinary LH and FSH were unaffected by changes of osmolarity from 0.5 to 3.0 mOsm/kg, and from pH 4.5 to 10.5. Serum and urine measurements of the hormones correlated well over a wide range of values: for LH, R2 = 0.94, P < 0.01; for FSH, R2 = 0.71, P < 0.01 (n = 304). Preservation of urine with glycerol (70 mL/L) and storage at -20 degrees C yielded > 80% recovery of LH and FSH after 51 weeks; this was comparable with recovery for acetone extracts of urine. Untreated urine showed loss of activity by 4 weeks of storage. Preserving urine specimens with glycerol is a simple method of storage for longitudinal study and compares favorably with acetone extraction. IFMAs can measure urinary gonadotropins reproducibly over a wide range of pH and osmotic conditions.

Experimental Study on Changes of Sloping Sandy Bed Profile under Breaking Waves

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Yun Pan ◽  
Yong Zhou Cheng ◽  
Qing Feng Li ◽  
Wen Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wave Breaking ◽  
Orbital Motion ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Wave Flume ◽  
Sand Ripple ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
Sand Bar

The wave breaking forces can exacerbate sediment transport, and lead to erosion of the seabed, coastal deformation and destruction of coastal structures. The experiment is carried out in a wave flume with a 1:30 sloping sandy seabed. A wide range of measurements from the regular wave runs are reported, including time series of wave heights, changes of bed profile. The video records are analysed to measure the time development of the seabed form and the characteristics of the orbital motion of the sand in the wave breaking region. The location and wave height at wave breaking point is measured by experiment. Formation and evolution of sand ripple and sand bar are studied under the breaking waves. It is found that effect of bed surface on wave breaking zone is more significant than wave non-breaking.

A simple method for evaluating elastic modulus of thin films by nanoindentation

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongxin Wei ◽  
Guoping Zhang ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jian Luo ◽  
Ranran Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
Design Experiments

A simple empirical method that extracts the elastic moduli of both thin films and the underlying substrates is proposed and validated by both new nanoindentation experiments and published data. Deconvolution of thin film’s elastic properties from the substrate is achieved by statistical estimation, where a simple function relating the elastic moduli of the thin film and substrate to the film-substrate composite modulus is used to fit the experimental data plotted against the logarithmic indentation depth normalized by film thickness. Experimental data from a wide range of soft and hard films on substrate were used to demonstrate the deconvolution and validate the method. The estimated elastic moduli of thin films and substrates agree well with their corresponding standard values or values obtained by other methods. The advantages of this method are discussed, and recommendations are made on how to design experiments to obtain reliable data for this method.

Performance Analysis of a Semicircular Free Surface Breakwater

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Min Teh ◽  
Vengatesan Venugopal ◽  
Tom Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Front Wall ◽  
Wave Flume ◽  
Horizontal Wave ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Significant Wave Heights ◽  
Semicircular Breakwater

In the present study, the hydrodynamic performance of a semicircular free surface breakwater (SCB) has been investigated through a systematic experimental programme. Three semicircular breakwater models were tested: one with impermeable front and rear walls; a second with perforated front wall and impermeable rear wall; and a third with perforated front and rear walls. The models were tested for three submergence depths with reference to the still water level in a wave flume under irregular seas with different significant wave heights and peak periods. The performance of the breakwaters was evaluated in the form of coefficients of transmission (CT), reflection (CR) and energy dissipation (CL). The measured wave modification in front of the structure and in the breakwater’s chamber were quantified and presented in the form of a ratio relative to the incident wave height, respectively. Also, the measured horizontal wave forces acting on the SCB were analysed and reported in a dimensionless form. Empirical equations were then developed using nonlinear multiple regression models to estimate the hydrodynamic characteristics of the SCB models.

scholarly journals MODEL TESTS WITH DIRECTLY REPRODUCED NATURE WAVE TRAINS

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Gravesen ◽  
Ebbe Fredericksen ◽  
Jens Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
Wave Model ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Irregular Wave ◽  
Wave Flume ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Stability Of Structures

Hydraulic model tests are still recognized as the best and in many cases the only tool, indeed, for investigations of design criteria for harbours concerning a) the effect of wave disturbance on moored ships in harbour basins and at offshore terminals, b) stability of structures and wave forces on structures. Model tests with waves have until recently usually been made with regular waves varying the wave height, wave period, wave direction for each test run. An important improvement in the model technique has been the development of irregular wave generators, capable of generating waves directly from nature wave records. The following aspects are presented below 1) A discussion on the methodology of wave model tests. 2) A method for direct reproduction of nature wave records. 3) A method for determining the incoming wave heights in a short wave flume with a reflecting structure and reflection from the wave generator paddle.

An Experimental and Theoretical Study on Cavitating Cascades and Their Application to Cavitating Propellers

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Okitsugu Furuya ◽  
Shin Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Cascade Theory ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Line Theory ◽  
Lifting Line ◽  
Lifting Line Theory

In order to develop an analytical tool for predicting the off-design performance of supercavitating propellers over a wide range of operating conditions, a lifting-line theory was combined with a two-dimensional supercavitating cascade theory. The results of this simple method provided fairly accurate predictions for the performance at fully developed cavitating conditions. It was indicative that the fully developed supercavitating (s/c) propellers had strong cascade effects on their performance, and also that the three-dimensional propeller geometry corrections could properly be made by the lifting-line theory. However, the predicted performance with this propeller theory showed a significant deviation from experimental data in the range of J's larger than Jdesign, where partially cavitating conditions are expected to occur. Effort was then made on improving the prediction capability of the above propeller theory at partially cavitating (p/c) conditions. A new nonlinear partially cavitating cascade theory was then developed to provide a proper 2-D loading basis under such conditions. Two-dimensional cascade experiments were then conducted to prove the accuracy of the p/c and s/c cascade theories. The measured forces and flow observations obtained in these experiments shed a new light on the relationship between the forces and cavitation numbers at small angles of incidence. Corrected lift and drag forces were then used in the propeller program. The calculated results for KT and KQ with the new force data successfully correlated with the experimental data, now covering a large J-range where the partially cavitating conditions exist.

LIQUIDUS THERMO-BAROMETER FOR THE MODELING OF MAGNETITE — MELT EQUILIBRIUM

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
N. S. Aryaeva ◽  
E. V. Koptev-Dvornikov ◽  
D. A. Bychkov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Silicate Melt ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basaltic Melts ◽  
Multidimensional Statistics

A system of equations of thermobarometer for magnetite-silicate melt equilibrium was obtained by method of multidimensional statistics of 93 experimental data of a magnetite solubility in basaltic melts. Equations reproduce experimental data in a wide range of basalt compositions, temperatures and pressures with small errors. Verification of thermobarometers showed the maximum error in liquidus temperature reproducing does not exceed ±7 °C. The level of cumulative magnetite appearance in the vertical structure of Tsypringa, Kivakka, Burakovsky intrusions predicted with errors from ±10 to ±50 m.

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