scholarly journals «Digital Lab» Platform as an Environment for Scientific Research and Development at the Kurchatov Institute

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Polyakov ◽  
Irina M. Enyagina ◽  
Dmitry S. Kokovin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computing Center ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The Kurchatov Complex of NBICS Nature-Like Technologies is focused on interdisciplinary research and development in the field of nano-, bio-, information, cognitive, socio-humanitarian sciences and technologies. The experimental basis of the NBICS complex is the Resource Centers operating in the mode of collective use by various scientific laboratories and containing modern equipment for conducting a wide range of scientific experiments. The processing and storage of the obtained experimental data is carried out on the supercomputer of the Computing Center, the use of which is also collective. Thus, there are problems of data exchange between different buildings, organizing their processing, analysis and orderly storage, as well as combining heterogeneous experimental data to obtain scientific results of a higher level. To solve these issues on the basis of the distributed modular platform «Digital Laboratory», an information and analytical environment was organized as a system that combines the scientific equipment of the Resource Centers, the supercomputer of the Computing Center, virtual machines and personal computers of scientific laboratories into a single virtual space, while organizing the exchange of data between various buildings, their processing, analysis and storage. The work with the system is carried out through the user web interface. At the request of researchers, each procedure for working with experimental data of a given type is implemented as an autonomous module of the «Digital Laboratory» platform. For example, the Module «Neuroimaging» for processing and analysis of fMRI / MRI experimental data of the human brain obtained on the tomograph of the Resource Center was put into operation and is successfully functioning. The use of this module makes the task of fMRI / MRI data analysis as simple as possible for the user, and also makes it possible to speed up the data processing many times over by parallelizing the computations on the supercomputer nodes. In addition to creating modules for working with experimental data, the system provides the ability to create modules for working with data of a different type. An example is the Module «Project Activity» for analyzing the effectiveness of scientific activities of research laboratories. The use of this system allows to optimize the work with experimental data in the course of scientific research due to the possibility of software implementation of the necessary procedures for their transfer, storage, processing and analysis.

scholarly journals WAVE FORCES ON SQUARE CAISSONS

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Mogridge ◽  
W.W. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Wave Flume ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Water Depths

The forces and overturning moments exerted by waves on large vertical square-section caissons have been measured in the laboratory. Each model caisson extended from the bottom of a wave flume through the water surface and was oriented either with one side perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation or turned through an angle of forty-five degrees to this position. For a given orientation, each model was tested for a range of wave heights (up to the point of breaking) for various wave periods and water depths. A digital computer was used for the acquisition, processing, plotting and storage of the experimental data. In addition to the experimental work, an approximate theoretical method is presented which allows the wave loadings on a square caisson to be estimated by means of a simple desk calculation. The experimental data shows that this simple method of calculation is reasonably accurate over a wide range of wave conditions and caisson sizes.

CURRENT BEST PRACTICES AND BIOBANKING RECOMMENDATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. V. Doludin ◽  
A. L. Borisova ◽  
M. S. Pokrovskaya ◽  
O. V. Stefanyuk ◽  
O. V. Sivakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Preanalytical Phase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Quality Of Research ◽  
Selection Of

The biobank is a structure established with the goal of long-term responsible storage of biological samples and the associated data for their further use in scientific and clinical research. The objectives of biobanking are the creation of unified recommendations on: the planning of premises and the selection of equipment for storage; development of management methods and staff training; standardization of methods for the collection, shipping, processing and storage of biomaterial of various origins, as well as methods for quality control and validation of the applied methods; creation and use of databases of information accompanying biospecimens. The lack of common standards for conducting the preanalytical phase has been the cause of low accuracy and poor reproducibility of research results. To date, a large number of guidelines and best practices have been published that provide an answer to a wide range of problems in organizing the biobanking process. The article provides an overview of the most famous biobanking guidelines that can be used to solve various research problems. Biobanking in Russia is actively developing. Since 1996 there is a work on the legislative regulation of biobanking activities, as a result of which a number of regulatory documents have been issued. An important stage in the development of biobanking in Russia was the establishment of the “National Association of Biobanks and Biobanking Specialists” (NASBio) in 2018, which included representatives of medical and research institutions, commercial firms, and qualified specialists in the field of biobanking. One of the key tasks of NASBio is the adaptation and implementation of the best biobanking practices in Russian research institutes and centers. The use of modern guidelines and best practices on biobanking will lead to an increase in the quality of research and publications.

scholarly journals Microbial production of histamine and the imperatives of processed food consumption

Bio-Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1317-1327
Author(s):  
James Nnabuike Ezema ◽  
Esther Chinedu Agbo ◽  
Emmanuel Aniebolam Eze
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Histamine Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Temperature Time

Food processing and storage increase the value chain of food items, both for commercial purposes and for future use by peasant producers. The roles of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts in the processing of dairy, brewed, bakery and traditionally fermented foods cannot be over-emphasized. These organisms improve the nutritional contents and organoleptic properties of these foods. However, certain undesired products, especially from protein-rich foods, notably, biogenic amines often characterize the process. This is usually a physiologic response by the organisms to the food environments such as pH, and is often influenced by temperature, time and salt concentration.  Histamine production during such a process often results in the accumulation of exogenous histamine in the foods, thereby constituting health hazards to the consumers. Histamine food poisoning affects virtually every system of the body due to the widespread physiological roles of histamine in the body, presenting a wide range of symptoms that make diagnosis difficult. More regulated scientific approaches should be adopted by food processors and handlers especially in the developing countries where technologies may not be available.

scholarly journals Вплив обробки розчином саліцилової кислоти на якість плодів вишні після зберігання

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
О. В. Василишина
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Delayed Maturation ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Плоди вишні мають короткий термін зберігання, всього лише 15 діб при температурі 0 °С. Продовжити його можна шляхом застосування відповідних заходів первинної обробки та зберігання продукції. Один з них – обробка плодів вишні розчином саліцилової кислоти перед зберіганням. Метою нашої роботи було вивчення впливу попередньої обробки розчином саліцилової кислоти на хімічний склад плодів вишні. Для цього плоди вишні сортів Шпанка та Лотівка 2016–2017 року врожаю обприскували за день до збирання водним розчином 50 мг/л чи 100 мг/л саліцилової кислоти. Висушували природним шляхом. Через 24 години знімали з дерева плоди, типові за забарвленням та формою, укладали в ящики №5 по 5 кг у кожний згідно з методичними вказівками щодо зберігання плодів, овочів та винограду. Зберігали в умовах холодильних камер кафедри технології зберігання і переробки плодів та овочів за температури 5±0,5 °С та відносної вологості повітря 95±1 %. Обробка плодів вишні розчином саліцилової кислоти дала змогу подовжити термін зберігання до 21 доби. Найефективнішою виявилась обробка 100 мг/л розчином саліцилової кислоти. Природні втрати маси при цьому становлять 4,9–5,1 %, втрати у вмісті сухих розчинних речовин – 5,3–6,6 %, кислот – 12,3–9 %. Вміст аскорбінової кислоти знижується в 1,3–1,1 рази. Cherry is fruit with a short shelf  life of only 15 days at the temperature of 0 °С. Every year about 20% of product losses are due to the lack of appropriate measures for primary processing and storage of products. Salicylic acid plays an important role in a wide range of physiological and metabolic reactions, including delayed maturation, by delaying the synthesis of ethylene and reducing the physiological diseases of the fruit. However, the effect of treatment with salicylic acid on cherry fruits and their physiological and biochemical parameters has not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to study the effect of pre-treatment with salicylic acid solution on the chemical composition of cherry fruit. For this purpose, the day before harvesting with the cherry varieties of  Shpanka and Lotivka of the yield of the year 2016−2017 were sprayed the aqueous solution of 50 mg/l or 100 mg/l of salicylic acid. They were dried by natural way. After 24 hours, the fruit of typical colour and shape were taken from the tree, placed in boxes of 5 to 5 kg each, according to the guidelines for the storage of fruit, vegetables, and grapes. We preserved them in the conditions of the refrigerating chambers of the department of the technology of storage and processing of fruit and vegetables at the temperature of 5±0,5°С and relative humidity of  95±1%. The options were the following: control − unprocessed fruit and cherry fruit treated with a solution of 50 mg/l or 100 mg/l of salicylic acid. The processing of cherry fruit with a solution of salicylic acid allowed to extend the shelf life to 21 days. The most effective treatment was 100 mg/l solution of salicylic acid. Natural mass losses in this case are 4.9−5.1 %, losses in the content of dry soluble substances 5.3−6.6%, acids 12.3−9%, the losses of ascorbic acid are reduced in 1.3−1.1 times. As the results of the correlation analysis showed, the level of natural mass losses strongly is correlated with the content of ascorbic acid (r = -0.65) and titrated acids (r = -0.57). The weight loss factor has the greatest influence on the type of treatment (85.6%).

scholarly journals Cloud Computing in Bioinformatics: current solutions and challenges

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Calabrese ◽  
Mario Cannataro
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Analysis Pipeline ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Platform As A Service ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract truncated at 3,000 characters - the full version is available in the pdf file MOTIVATIONS The availability of high-throughput technologies and the application of genomics and pharmacogenomics studies of large populations, are producing an increasing amount of experimental and clinical data, as well as specialized databases spread over the Internet. The storage, preprocessing and analysis of experimental data is becoming the main bottleneck of the analysis pipeline. Managing omics data requires both space for data storing as well as services for data preprocessing, analysis, and sharing. The resulting scenario comprises a set of bioinformatics tools, often implemented as web services, for the management and analysis of data stored in geographically distributed biological databases [1]. Cloud computing may play an important role in many phases of the bioinformatics analysis pipeline, from data management and processing, to data integration and analysis, including data exploration and visualization because it offers massive scalable computing and storage, data sharing, on-demand anytime and anywhere access to resources and applications, thus it may represent the key technology for facing those issues [2]. METHODS This work reviews main academic and industrial cloud-based bioinformatics solutions developed in the recent years; moreover, it underlines main issues and problems related to the use of such platforms for the storage and analysis of patients’ data. Specifically, the analysed solutions regard: - Data as a Service (DaaS): it provides data storage in a dynamic virtual space hosted by the cloud and allows to have updated data that are accessible from a wide range of connected devices on the web. - Software as a Service (SaaS): several cloud-based tools to execute different bioinformatics tasks, e.g. mapping applications, sequences alignment, gene expression analysis have been proposed and made available. - Platform as a Service (PaaS): unlike SaaS solutions, PaaS solutions allow users to customize the deployment of bioinformatics applications as well as to retain complete control over their instances and associated data. - Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): this service model is offered in a computing infrastructure that includes servers (typically virtualized) with specific computational capability and/or storage. The user controls all the deployed storage resources, operating systems and bioinformatics applications. For each analysed solution, main technical characteristics as well as security and privacy issues arising when storing and analysing patients data, are reported. RESULTS The application of cloud computing in bioinformatics regards the efficient storage, retrieval and integration of experimental data and their efficient and high-throughput preprocessing and analysis.

Effect of chitosans and chitooligosaccharides on the processing and storage quality of foods of animal and aquatic origin

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parminder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Storage Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Purpose – The aim of the paper is to shed light on the use of chitosans and chitooligosaccharides as biopreservatives in various foods animal. Foods of animal and aquatic origin (milk, meat, fish, eggs, sea foods, etc) become contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms (bacteria, molds and yeasts) during harvesting, transporting, processing, handling and storage operations. Due to the perishable nature of these foods, their preservation is of utmost importance. Though many synthetic chemicals are available, yet their use is quite restricted due to their hazardous effects on human health. Design/methodology/approach – Within the domain of food industry, traditionally chitosan is used for biopreservation of foods, which is well known for its nutritional and medicinal properties in human nutrition. However, chitooligosaccharides also possess a number of nutraceutical and health promoting properties in addition to their preservative effect and shelf-life extension of foods. In this study, the comparative effects of both chitosan and chitooligosaccharides on preservation of foods of animal and aquatic origin have been summarized. Findings – Though chitosan has been extensively studied in various foods, yet the use of chitooligosaccharides has been relatively less explored. Chitooligosaccharides are bioactive molecules generated from chitosan and have several advantages over the traditional use of chitosan both in food products and on human health. But unfortunately, little or no literature is available on the use of chitooligosaccharides for preservation of some of the foods of animal origin. Notable examples in this category include cheese, beef, pork, chicken, fish, sea foods, etc. Originality/value – This paper focuses on the effects of chitosans and chitooligosaccharides on the processing and storage quality of foods of animal and aquatic origin, which offers a promising future for the development of functional foods.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of wireless sensor networks assisted by on-demand-based cloud infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umamaheswari S
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Route Failure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The wireless sensor networks composed of tiny sensor with the capability of mon- itoring the tangible changes for a wide range of applications are limited with the capabilities on processing and storage. Their limited capabilities make them seek the help of the cloud that provides the rented service of processing and storage. The dense deployment of the wireless sensor and their vulnerability to the unknown attacks, alterations make them incur difficulties in the process of the conveyance causing the modifications or the loss of the content. So, the paper proposes an optimized localization of the nodes along with the identification of the trusted nodes and minimum distance path to the cloud, allowing the target to have anytime and anywhere access of the content. The performance of the cloud infrastructure-supported wireless sensor network is analyzed using the network simulator 2 on the terms of the forwarding latency, packet loss rate, route failure, storage, reliability, and the network longevity to ensure the capacities of the cloud infrastructure-supported wireless sensor networks.

scholarly journals HPLC Analysis of Aflatoxin B1 Contamination of Local and Foreign Brands of Cigarette Tobacco Popularly Consumed in Niger State North-Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
Ndagi Mohammed Saba ◽  
Musa Achimugu Dickson ◽  
Ogbiko Cyril
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Foreign Brands ◽  
And Storage

Under favorable growth conditions, fungi produced aflatoxins. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) categorized as a carcinogen is the most toxic and subject of regulation in foods and feeds in many countries. AFB1 contamination has been reported in a wide range of products including cigarette tobacco due to improper processing and storage conditions. This research aim at determining the concentration load of AFB1 mycotoxin in brands of cigarette tobacco commonly consumed in Lapai and Minna metropolis of Niger State Nigeria. Thirty-six (36) brands of cigarette tobacco were purchased in open markets in Minna and Lapai towns of Niger state, Nigeria. Residual AFB1 was extracted from the sample using standard procedures. HPLC analysis was used for the mycotoxin quantification. The result showed that all cigarette samples produces AFB1 with a concentration of 302 µg/mL and 18 µg/mL as the highest and lowest AFB1 concentration respectively for the local – Nigeria brands compared to 166 µg/mL and 8 µg/mL AFB1 concentration observed for the foreign brands. The findings from this study provide sufficient levels of contamination to pose significant health hazard for the consumer of the tobacco. Careful processing and storage is therefore advocated to eliminate or reduce the mycotoxin contamination of the cigarette brands.

scholarly journals Cloud Computing in Bioinformatics: current solutions and challenges

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Calabrese ◽  
Mario Cannataro
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Analysis Pipeline ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Platform As A Service ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract truncated at 3,000 characters - the full version is available in the pdf file MOTIVATIONS The availability of high-throughput technologies and the application of genomics and pharmacogenomics studies of large populations, are producing an increasing amount of experimental and clinical data, as well as specialized databases spread over the Internet. The storage, preprocessing and analysis of experimental data is becoming the main bottleneck of the analysis pipeline. Managing omics data requires both space for data storing as well as services for data preprocessing, analysis, and sharing. The resulting scenario comprises a set of bioinformatics tools, often implemented as web services, for the management and analysis of data stored in geographically distributed biological databases [1]. Cloud computing may play an important role in many phases of the bioinformatics analysis pipeline, from data management and processing, to data integration and analysis, including data exploration and visualization because it offers massive scalable computing and storage, data sharing, on-demand anytime and anywhere access to resources and applications, thus it may represent the key technology for facing those issues [2]. METHODS This work reviews main academic and industrial cloud-based bioinformatics solutions developed in the recent years; moreover, it underlines main issues and problems related to the use of such platforms for the storage and analysis of patients’ data. Specifically, the analysed solutions regard: - Data as a Service (DaaS): it provides data storage in a dynamic virtual space hosted by the cloud and allows to have updated data that are accessible from a wide range of connected devices on the web. - Software as a Service (SaaS): several cloud-based tools to execute different bioinformatics tasks, e.g. mapping applications, sequences alignment, gene expression analysis have been proposed and made available. - Platform as a Service (PaaS): unlike SaaS solutions, PaaS solutions allow users to customize the deployment of bioinformatics applications as well as to retain complete control over their instances and associated data. - Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): this service model is offered in a computing infrastructure that includes servers (typically virtualized) with specific computational capability and/or storage. The user controls all the deployed storage resources, operating systems and bioinformatics applications. For each analysed solution, main technical characteristics as well as security and privacy issues arising when storing and analysing patients data, are reported. RESULTS The application of cloud computing in bioinformatics regards the efficient storage, retrieval and integration of experimental data and their efficient and high-throughput preprocessing and analysis.

scholarly journals Analysis of Power Allocation for NOMA-Based D2D Communications Using GADIA

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Husam Rajab ◽  
Fatma Benkhelifa ◽  
Tibor Cinkler
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Access ◽  
Achievable Rate ◽  
Interference Avoidance ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
New Era ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
The One ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The new era of IoT brings the necessity of smart synergy for diverse communication and computation entities. The two extremes are, on the one hand, the 5G Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) required for Industrial IoT (IIoT) and Vehicle Communications (V2V, V2I, V2X). While on the other hand, the Ultra-Low Power, Wide-Range, Low Bit-rate Communications, such as Sigfox, LoRa/LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Cat-M1, etc.; used for smart metering, smart logistics, monitoring, alarms, tracking applications. This extreme variety and diversity must work in synergy, all inter-operating/inter-working with the Internet. The communication solutions must mutually cooperate, but there must be a synergy in a broader sense that includes the various communication solutions and all the processing and storage capabilities from the edge cloud to the deep-cloud. In this paper, we consider a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based device to device (D2D) communication system coexisting with a cellular network and utilize Greedy Asynchronous Distributed Interference Avoidance Algorithm (GADIA) for dynamic frequency allocation strategy. We analyze a max–min fairness optimization problem with energy budget constraints to provide a reasonable boundary rate for the downlink to all devices and cellular users in the network for a given total transmit power. A comprehensive simulation and numerical evaluation is performed. Further, we compare the performance of maximum achievable rate and energy efficiency (EE) at a given spectral efficiency (SE) while employing NOMA and orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA).

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